Is uric acid a true antioxidant? Identification of uric acid oxidation products and their biological effects DOI Creative Commons
Mikaela P. Pinz, Isadora Medeiros, Larissa Anastácio da Costa Carvalho

et al.

Redox Report, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: May 25, 2025

Uric acid (UA), the final product of purine metabolism in humans, exhibits a dual role as an anti or pro-oxidant, depending on microenvironment. The two-electron oxidation UA by biological oxidants can neutralize such harmful molecules. Additionally, chelates metals and activate adaptive response against oxidation. However, some products reaction between are not inert and, therefore, do confer anticipated antioxidant protection. A direct pro-oxidant effect is favoured one-electron heme-peroxidases yielding free radical intermediates that initiate propagate radical-chain reaction. indirect has been proposed eliciting expression activation enzymes catalyse oxidant production, e.g. NADPH oxidase (NOX). This review brings together fundamental concepts molecular mechanisms redox reactions involving UA. signature metabolites from these discussed to give valuable insights whether being formed what they may play disease pathogenesis. It proposes that, through identifying specific products, it be possible elucidate protective action linked downstream bioactivities.

Language: Английский

Is uric acid a true antioxidant? Identification of uric acid oxidation products and their biological effects DOI Creative Commons
Mikaela P. Pinz, Isadora Medeiros, Larissa Anastácio da Costa Carvalho

et al.

Redox Report, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: May 25, 2025

Uric acid (UA), the final product of purine metabolism in humans, exhibits a dual role as an anti or pro-oxidant, depending on microenvironment. The two-electron oxidation UA by biological oxidants can neutralize such harmful molecules. Additionally, chelates metals and activate adaptive response against oxidation. However, some products reaction between are not inert and, therefore, do confer anticipated antioxidant protection. A direct pro-oxidant effect is favoured one-electron heme-peroxidases yielding free radical intermediates that initiate propagate radical-chain reaction. indirect has been proposed eliciting expression activation enzymes catalyse oxidant production, e.g. NADPH oxidase (NOX). This review brings together fundamental concepts molecular mechanisms redox reactions involving UA. signature metabolites from these discussed to give valuable insights whether being formed what they may play disease pathogenesis. It proposes that, through identifying specific products, it be possible elucidate protective action linked downstream bioactivities.

Language: Английский

Citations

0