Environmental Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
246, P. 118098 - 118098
Published: Jan. 5, 2024
Hydrothermal
carbonization
(HTC)
is
a
promising
alternative
to
transform
biomass
waste
into
solid
carbonaceous
material
(hydrochar)
and
process
water
with
potential
for
energy
recovery.
In
this
study,
two
alternatives
treatment
by
conventional
acid-assisted
HTC
of
swine
manure
are
discussed.
Process
from
at
180
°C
showed
high
biodegradability
(55%
COD
removal)
methane
production
(∼290
mL
STP
CH4
g−1
CODadded)
the
in
an
upflow
anaerobic
sludge
blanket
reactor
allowed
obtaining
yield
(1.3
L
L−1·d−1)
removal
(∼70%).
The
analysis
microbiota
concentration
Synergistota
Firmicutes
phyla,
degradation
capacity
organic
nitrogenous
compounds.
Acid-assisted
proved
be
viable
option
nutrient
recovery
(migration
83%
P
water),
which
salt
chemical
precipitation
MgOH2
(NPK
4/4/0.4)
MgCl2
8/17/0.5),
negligible
content
heavy
metals.
characteristics
precipitated
complied
requirements
European
Regulation
(2019)/1009
fertilizers
amendments
agricultural
soils,
being
suitable
recycling
nutrients
wastes.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
123(11), P. 7193 - 7294
Published: May 9, 2023
Hydrothermal
process
is
an
emerging
technology
that
contributes
to
sustainable
production
of
biomass-derived
chemicals,
fuels,
and
materials.
This
uses
hot
compressed
water
convert
various
biomass
feedstocks
including
recalcitrant
organic
compounds
in
biowastes
into
desired
solid,
liquid,
gaseous
products.
In
recent
years,
considerable
progress
has
been
made
the
hydrothermal
conversion
lignocellulosic
as
well
nonlignocellulosic
value-added
products
bioenergy
fulfill
principles
circular
economy.
However,
it
important
assess
processes
terms
their
capabilities
limitations
from
different
sustainability
aspects
so
further
advances
can
be
toward
improvement
technical
maturity
commercialization
potential.
The
key
aims
this
comprehensive
review
are
(a)
explain
inherent
properties
physio-chemical
characteristics
bioproducts,
(b)
elucidate
related
transformation
pathways,
(c)
clarify
role
for
conversion,
(d)
evaluate
capability
treatment
coupled
with
other
technologies
producing
novel
fuels
materials,
(e)
explore
assessments
potential
large-scale
applications,
(f)
offer
our
perspectives
facilitate
transition
a
primarily
petro-based
alternative
biobased
society
context
changing
climate.
Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(4), P. 333 - 360
Published: Sept. 30, 2023
Biomass
solid
fuel
(BSF)
has
emerged
as
a
promising
renewable
energy
source,
but
its
morphological
and
microstructural
properties
are
crucial
in
determining
their
physical,
mechanical,
chemical
characteristics.
This
paper
provides
an
overview
of
recent
research
on
BSF.
The
focus
is
biomass
sources,
BSF
processing
methods,
properties,
with
special
emphasis
energy-related
studies.
Specific
inclusion
exclusion
criteria
were
established
for
the
study
to
ensure
relevance.
encompassed
studies
about
BSFs
investigating
influence
sources
methods
fuels
within
past
five
years.
Various
technologies
converting
into
usable
discussed,
including
gasification,
torrefaction,
carbonization,
hydrothermal
carbonization
(HTC),
pyrolysis.
Each
advantages
disadvantages
performance,
techno-economics,
climate
impact.
Gasification
efficient
requires
high
investment.
Pyrolysis
produces
bio-oil,
char,
gases
based
feedstock
availability.
Carbonization
generates
low-cost
biochar
carbon
sequestration
applications.
Torrefaction
increases
density
co-firing
coal.
HTC
processes
wet
efficiently
lower
input.
Thermal
treatment
affects
durability
strength,
often
leading
less
due
voids
gaps
between
particles.
Hydrothermal
alters
surface
morphology,
creating
cavities,
pores,
distinctive
shapes.
Slow
pyrolysis
better
while
fast
yields
porosity
area.
Wood
constitutes
67%
utilized
bioenergy
generation,
followed
by
wood
residues
(5%),
agro-residues
(4%),
municipal
wastes
(3%),
crops
livestock
forest
(1%).
source
drawbacks,
such
availability,
cost,
environmental
impact,
suitability
specific
regions
requirements.
review
valuable
professionals,
researchers,
policymakers
interested
fuel.
Carbon Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(1)
Published: Jan. 24, 2024
Abstract
Hydrochars
as
carbonaceous
amendments
rich
in
porous
structures
and
nutrients
can
be
used
promising
slow-release
fertilizers
soil
health
amendments.
Yet,
the
performance
of
hydrochars
derived
from
different
feedstocks
improving
crop
plant
growth
phosphorus
(P)
availability
is
not
well
understood.
Here,
a
batch
sewage
sludge
(SS)
chicken
manure
(CM)
(SSCs
CMCs)
were
produced
at
125
225
°C
(SS125/225
CM125/225)
to
investigate
their
characteristics
performances
seedling
two
representative
crops,
soybean
(
Glycine
max
)
corn
Zea
mays
),
P
an
acidic
agricultural
comparison
with
triple
super
phosphate
(TSP),
conventional
fertilizer.
Compared
CMCs,
SSCs
more
rougher
surfaces
contained
relatively
lower
contents
carbon
(C;
32.3–33.3%),
hydrogen
(H;
3.9–4.69%),
potassium
(K;
29.2–51
mg
g
−1
but
higher
(37.4–85.4%)
nitrogen
(N;
2.26–4.9%),
O-containing
N-containing
functional
groups.
The
impacts
on
showed
distinct
variations.
application
little
effect
(i.e.,
biomass,
chlorophyl
contents,
number
leaves),
while
CMCs
significantly
increased
its
total
dry
biomass
by
23.2–66.2%.
For
corn,
both
32.8–92.4%
21.8–69.7%,
respectively,
compared
those
un-amended
soils.
In
addition,
temperature
(SS225
CM225),
ones
(SS125
CM125)
24.6%
34.9%
for
44.8%
39.3%
respectively.
significant
improvement
was
mainly
due
direct
nutrient
supply
(particularly
P)
hydrochars,
which
supported
shoot
concentrations.
Moreover,
hydrochar
led
rise
water
soluble
(WSP)
levels.
However,
time
progressed,
these
levels
fell
fixation
adsorption
via
precipitation,
electrostatic
attraction,
ion
exchange
hydrochars.
Contrarily,
TSP
maintained
persistently
high
WSP
levels,
increasing
leaching
risk
through
profile.
Our
results
provide
evidence
enhance
production
give
better
insights
producing
functionalized
P-rich
chars
alternative
chemical
maintain
sustainable
production.
Graphical
Analytical Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 18, 2025
Biochar
(BC),
often
obtained
via
thermochemical
conversion
methods
of
biomass,
has
emerged
as
a
versatile
material
with
significant
potential
in
electrochemical
sensing
applications.
This
review
critically
examines
the
recent
advancements
development
BC-based
sensors
for
determination
pharmaceuticals,
pesticides,
heavy
metals,
phenolic
compounds,
and
microplastics.
have
promising
alternative
due
to
their
sustainability,
cost-effectiveness,
excellent
properties.
The
unique
physicochemical
properties
BC,
including
its
high
surface
area,
porosity,
functional
groups,
contribute
effectiveness
sensor
material.
begins
an
overview
synthesis
highlighting
activation
strategies
on
structural
Next,
functionalization
BC
integration
into
platforms
are
explored.
performance
is
evaluated
using
focusing
sensitivity,
selectivity,
detection
limits,
stability.
Future
directions
research
proposed,
emphasizing
need
further
optimization,
miniaturization,
portable
on-site
analytical
devices.
