The
objective
of
this
study
was
to
understand
the
synergistic
effect
SO2
emission
reduction
during
combustion
biomass-coal
blends
in
comparison
pure
coal
by
recording
gaseous
concentrations,
analyzing
composition
ash
energy
dispersive
X-ray
spectroscopy
(EDS)
and
diffraction
(XRD),
simulating
verifying
sulfur
kinetics
a
thermodynamic
equilibrium
software
(FactSage).
In
Set
A
experiments,
five
steam-exploded
biomass
(100/0,
75/25,
50/50,
25/75,
0/100
percentages
mass)
were
co-fired
1.5
MWth
pilot
scale
combustor.
B,
(100/0)
an
85/15
percent
mass
blend
torrefied
471
MWe
utility
boiler.
Biomass
contained
higher
amounts
alkali
alkaline
earth
metals
lower
compared
coal.
For
tests,
FactSage
predicted,
analysis
confirmed
that
calcium
primarily
responsible
for
all
blends,
except
biomass,
where
potassium
responsible.
reduced
up
26.3%
which
addition
due
dilution
effect.
During
combustion,
41.1%
system
absorbed
ash,
97.0%
testing.
B
coal-biomass
blend,
showed
22.1%
lime
slurry
flow
rate
at
flue
gas
desulfurization
(FGD)
towers
coal,
is
equivalent
saving
7.4
liters
per
MWe-hour.
results
suggest
blending
woody
with
can
help
coal-fired
boilers
meeting
environmental
standards
reduce
costs.
ChemEngineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
8(6), P. 122 - 122
Published: Dec. 2, 2024
In
recent
decades,
the
global
use
of
ashes
derived
from
agro-industrial
by-products,
such
as
oil
palm
kernel
shells,
which
are
widely
cultivated
in
Colombia
and
other
tropical
regions
world,
has
increased.
However,
application
these
engineering
remains
limited
due
to
their
heterogeneity
variability.
This
study
utilized
scanning
electron
microscopy
(SEM)
assess
influence
calcination
temperatures,
ranging
500
°C
1000
°C,
well
physical
processes
cutting,
grinding,
crushing,
on
silica
content
studied
ashes.
Specifically,
sample
labeled
M18A-c-m-T600°C-t1.5h-tr1h,
was
subjected
a
temperature
600
underwent
cutting
grinding
before
calcination,
followed
by
post-calcination
exhibited
highest
concentration.
Complementary
techniques
X-ray
fluorescence
(XRF)
diffraction
(XRD),
were
applied
this
evaluate
its
feasibility
an
additive
or
partial
replacement
for
cement
concrete.
XRF
analysis
revealed
composition
71.24%
SiO2,
9.39%
Al2O3,
2.65%
Fe2O3,
thus,
meeting
minimum
oxide
established
ASTM
C
618
classification
pozzolanic
material.
Furthermore,
XRD
confirmed
that
M18A-c-m-T600°C-t1.5h-tr1h
is
amorphous
state,
only
state
can
chemically
react
with
calcium
hydroxide
resulting
hydration
reactions
cement,
forming
stable
cementitious
products
strong
mechanical
properties.