Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
79(9), P. 925 - 938
Published: July 27, 2024
Abstract
The
Navier–Stokes
equations
and
the
energy
equation
are
used
to
investigate
a
fluid
flow
between
two
stretching
rectangular
surfaces
subjected
temperature
difference
that
affects
dynamic
viscosity
thermal
conductivity
of
fluid.
wall
process
enhances
momentum
boundary
layer
thickness
which
slows
axial
motion
away
from
boundaries.
When
parameter
γ
is
equal
1,
case
corresponding
symmetric
stretching,
minimum
velocity
located
at
midplane
channel
y
=
0.5
if
variational
α
equals
0.
This
moves
towards
region
<
1
for
>
0,
but
migrates
0
Moreover,
in
growth
Reynolds
number
Re
tends
increase
around
middle
≥
attempt
counteract
effects
enhancing
leading
flattening
profiles
100.
While
β
does
not
influence
enough
dynamics
heat
transfer,
Péclet
Pé
can
or
decrease
distribution
inside
depending
on
sign
.
Practical
applications
related
present
study
include
lubrification,
food
manufacturing,
paint
industries,
extrusion
processes
plastic
metal
industries.
Nanotechnology Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Abstract
This
study
presents
a
novel
model
for
variable
fluid
properties
of
ternary
hybrid
nanofluid
with
base
polymer
suspended
on
three-dimensional
stretching
sheet
under
the
influence
magnetohydrodynamic
forces.
Viscosity
and
thermal
conductivity
are
temperature-dependent.
has
potential
use
in
nanotechnology,
particularly
shaping
design
surfaces
devices
that
can
stretch
or
contract,
wrap,
paint.
The
nonlinear
equations
charge
this
physical
problem
derived
by
using
similarity
transformations.
behavior
is
examined
Reynolds
viscosity
model.
coupled
governing
necessary
boundary
conditions
solved
shooting
technique
RK-4.
numerical
calculations,
including
velocity
temperature
profiles,
presented
graphically
to
give
results
interpretation.
table
discusses
skin
friction
Nusselt
numbers
at
various
parameters.
study’s
findings
show
changing
parameter
causes
significant
change
flow
characteristics.
Particularly,
thickness
layer
decreases
as
volume
fraction
nanoparticles
rises.
Furthermore,
because
temperature-dependent
taken
into
account,
increases,
so
does
temperature.
Key
specify
number
Nu
{\rm{Nu}}
increases
increase
α
\alpha
,
while
ϵ
\epsilon
Impact
shows
more
convective
heat
transfer.
Greater
values
reduce
effectiveness
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
79(9), P. 925 - 938
Published: July 27, 2024
Abstract
The
Navier–Stokes
equations
and
the
energy
equation
are
used
to
investigate
a
fluid
flow
between
two
stretching
rectangular
surfaces
subjected
temperature
difference
that
affects
dynamic
viscosity
thermal
conductivity
of
fluid.
wall
process
enhances
momentum
boundary
layer
thickness
which
slows
axial
motion
away
from
boundaries.
When
parameter
γ
is
equal
1,
case
corresponding
symmetric
stretching,
minimum
velocity
located
at
midplane
channel
y
=
0.5
if
variational
α
equals
0.
This
moves
towards
region
<
1
for
>
0,
but
migrates
0
Moreover,
in
growth
Reynolds
number
Re
tends
increase
around
middle
≥
attempt
counteract
effects
enhancing
leading
flattening
profiles
100.
While
β
does
not
influence
enough
dynamics
heat
transfer,
Péclet
Pé
can
or
decrease
distribution
inside
depending
on
sign
.
Practical
applications
related
present
study
include
lubrification,
food
manufacturing,
paint
industries,
extrusion
processes
plastic
metal
industries.
