
Global Challenges, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 16, 2025
Abstract Microbial fuel cell (MFC), a clean and promising technology that has the potential to tackle both environmental degradation global energy crisis, receives tremendous attention from researchers over recent years. The performance of each system component, including membrane electrode utilized in MFCs, great effect on efficiency converting chemical found organic waste power generation through bacterial metabolism. MFCs have diverse applications are growing day by developed countries. This review discusses recently available various wastewater treatment, biohydrogen production, hazardous removal, bioelectricity, robotics, biosensors, etc. There still several challenges (e.g., complexity, economic, commercialization, other operational factors) for large‐scale practical applications, particularly relatively low output delayed start‐up time, which is also reported this article. Moreover, factors materials, proton exchange system, substrate, electron transfer mechanism, pH, temperature, external resistance, shear stress feed rate) affect discussed detail. To resolve these issues, optimizations parameters presented. In previously published studies, paper indicates demonstrated densities ranging 2.44 3.31 W m − 2 , with Coulombic efficiencies reaching up 55.6% under optimized conditions. It achieved removal oxygen demand (COD), total carbon (TOC), antibiotics 93.7%, 70%, 98%, respectively. Finally, highlights future perspective full‐scale applications.
Language: Английский