Trapping capability of circular swallowtail beams

Physical review. A/Physical review, A, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 109(6)

Published: June 17, 2024

Circular swallowtail beams (CSBs) with their remarkable autofocusing capability have garnered significant interest due to potential applications in optical trapping. This study delves into a comprehensive investigation of the trapping force properties CSBs. Through combination experimental observations and theoretical analyses, we systematically explore quantitative manipulation forces by adjusting specific parameters. detailed provides insights performance stability In detail, our findings reveal consistent extension focal length as scale factor increases, accompanied reduction peak intensity, intensity contrast, largest force. Notably, alteration exhibits greater sensitivity compared that contrast. Furthermore, validation particle using CSBs underscores effectiveness, emphasizing for applications.

Language: Английский

Mass Generation via the Phase Transition of the Higgs Field

Axioms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 1093 - 1093

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

The commonly quoted bistable Higgs potential is not a proper description of the field because, among other technical reasons, one its stable states acquires negative expectation value in vacuum. We rely on formal catastrophe theory to derive form that admits only positive mean No symmetry broken during ensuing phase transition assigns mass field; gauge redundancy “broken” by appearance massive state, but this true massless field. Furthermore, secondary, certainly amusing conclusion, that, high-energy oscillates about minimum between and masses, it doubtful such evanescent can survive below critical temperature 159.5 GeV, where known particles were actually created.

Language: Английский