Record-breaking dust loading during two mega dust storm events over northern China in March 2021: aerosol optical and radiative properties and meteorological drivers

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 7905 - 7932

Published: June 17, 2022

Abstract. Although a remarkable reduction in the frequency of sand and dust storms (SDSs) past several decades has been reported over northern China (NC), two unexpected mega SDSs occurred on 15–20 27–29 March 2021 (abbreviated as “3.15” “3.27” SDS events), which reawakened widespread concern. This study characterizes optical, microphysical, radiative properties aerosols their meteorological drivers during these events using Sun photometer observations Beijing comprehensive set multiple satellite (including MODIS, VIIRS, CALIOP, Himawari-8) ground-based CMA visibility network AD-Net) combined with atmospheric reanalysis data. Moreover, long-term (2000–2021) optical depth (DOD) dataset retrieved from MODIS measurements was also utilized to evaluate historical ranking loading NC events. During 3.15 3.27 events, invasion plumes greatly degraded large areas NC, extreme low 50 500 m recorded at most sites 15 28 March, respectively. Despite shorter duration event relative event, sun larger peak AOD (∼2.5) former than latter (∼2.0), mainly attributed short-term intrusion coarse-mode particles effective radii (∼1.9 µm) volume concentrations (∼2.0 µm3 µm−2) event. The shortwave direct aerosol forcing induced by estimated be −92.1 −111.4 W m−2 top atmosphere, −184.7 −296.2 surface, +92.6 +184.8 atmosphere CALIOP show that plume lifted an altitude 4–8 km, its range impact extended source eastern coast China. In contrast, lifting height lower confirmed lidar observations. MODIS-retrieved DOD data registered massive intense episode same period history 2 decades. These were associated both circulation extremes local anomalies favored enhanced emissions Gobi Desert (GD) across southern Mongolia NC. Meteorological analysis revealed triggered exceptionally strong Mongolian cyclone generated nearly location (along central plateau Inner Mongolia) conjunction surface-level cold high-pressure system rear, albeit differences magnitude spatial extent impact. GD, early melting spring snow caused near-surface temperature regions, together negative soil moisture decreased precipitation, formed drier barer surfaces, allowed for increased into strongly surface winds cyclone.

Language: Английский

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Mega Asian dust event over China on 27–31 March 2021 observed with space-borne instruments and ground-based polarization lidar

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 285, P. 119238 - 119238

Published: June 16, 2022

Language: Английский

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Historical footprints and future projections of global dust burden from bias-corrected CMIP6 models

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Dust aerosols significantly affect the Earth’s climate, not only as a source of radiation, but also ice nuclei, cloud condensation nuclei and thus CO 2 exchange between atmosphere ocean. However, there are large deviations in dust model simulations due to limited observations on global scale. Based ten initial Climate Models Intercomparison Project Phase Six (CMIP6) models, multi-model ensemble (MME) approximately underestimates future changes mass loading (DML) by 7–21%, under four scenarios shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). Therefore, this study primarily constrains CMIP6 various emission applying an equidistant cumulative distribution function (EDCDF) method combined with Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research Applications version (MERRA2) datasets based observation assimilation. We find that results (19.0–26.1 Tg) 2000–2014 closer MERRA2 (20.0–24.8 than (4.4–37.5 Tg), deviation reduced up 75.6%. emphasize DML during 2081–2100 is expected increase 0.023 g m –2 North Africa Atlantic region, while decreasing 0.006 Middle East Asia. In comparison internal variability scenario uncertainty, uncertainty accounts more 70% total uncertainty. When bias correction applied, decreases 65% 90%, resulting similar variance contribution variability.

Language: Английский

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Characterizing Aerosol Optical Properties and Direct Radiative Effects From the Perspective of Components: A Synergy Retrieval Study Based on Sun Photometer and Lidar in Central China

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52(4)

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Abstract Exploring various properties of aerosols can help to better understand global climate changes, emissions, and environment. In this study, a synergy observation experiment from sun photometer Lidar was carried out reveal aerosol optical direct radiative effect (DARE) in Central China the novel perspective components. Our results showed that annual mass concentration black carbon (BC) low (2.49 mg/m 2 ), but having large heating with DARE 9.27 W/m at top atmosphere. The brown found highest summer (0.52 ) its 0.10 , close average China. Additionally, retrieved columnar BC had same magnitude MEERA‐2 product, surface ( R = 0.56) because considering vertical profiles. This study significance exploring expanded information observations.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive reappraisal of long-term aerosol characteristics, trends, and variability in Asia

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(14), P. 8187 - 8210

Published: July 24, 2023

Abstract. Changes in aerosol loadings and properties are important for the understanding of atmospheric environment climate change. This study investigates characteristics long-term trends aerosols different sizes types Asia from 2000 to 2020 by considering multi-source data novel analysis methods perspectives, all which provides groundwork promoting acquisition new discoveries that past. The geometric mean aggregation method is applied, serial autocorrelation considered avoid overestimation trend significance. Among regions Asia, high values optical depth (AOD) mainly concentrated East (EA) South (SA) closely related population density. AOD EA showed most significant negative trend, with a value -5.28×10-4 per year, owing decreases organic carbon (OC), black (BC), dust aerosols. It also worth noting this observed large-scale decrease OC BC unique phenomenon region around China. In contrast, concentrations SA generally show positive an increased 1.25 × 10−3 year. increase due large emissions fine-mode aerosols, such as sulfate aerosol. Additionally, loading northern has lower variability when compared China Plain, revealing relatively more persistent air pollution situation. Over whole percentage changes seen increases (6.23 %) (17.09 AOD, together (−5.51 %), (−3.07 sea salt (−9.80 AOD. Except anthropogenic emissions, wildfires found summer, whereas differently sized only shows slight small-sized (−3.34 total did not suggests that, perspective, recent years have mostly been offsetting earlier over Asia. To summarize, above findings analyse comprehensive distributions reappraise parameters, will greatly enhance regional global climatology, addition filling gaps breaking through limitations past knowledge.

Language: Английский

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A Two-Stage Machine Learning Algorithm for Retrieving Multiple Aerosol Properties Over Land: Development and Validation

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 1 - 17

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Satellite-based aerosol optical property retrieval over land, especially size-related parameters, is challenging. This study proposed a novel two-stage machine learning (ML) algorithm for retrieving depth (AOD), Ångström exponent (AE), fine mode fraction (FMF), and AOD (FAOD)) land using MODIS observed reflectance. The new ML consists of three steps: (1) first, all samples extracted from AERONET measurements were used to train the model, (2) then, reduce extreme estimation bias divided low-value high-value models, respectively, (3) finally, models integrated into final based on weight interpolation. Independent site network validation results show that has Pearson correlation coefficient (R) 0.894 (0.638, 0.661, 0.865) root mean square error (RMSE) 0.146 (0.258, 0.245, 0.153) (AE, FMF, FAOD) retrieval, which significantly outperforms metrics operational products, with RMSE 0.130-0.156 (0.536-0.569, 0.313, 0.191). inter-comparison products shows spatial patterns AOD, AE, FAOD are in good agreement those POLDER products. These illustrate performance transferability indicate ability methods be applied multispectral instruments (such as MODIS) retrieve multiple properties.

Language: Английский

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Biomineralization for Reducing and Controlling Sand‐Dust Storms

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(32)

Published: June 26, 2024

Abstract The sand‐dust weather and storms have become a serious environmental disaster worldwide. It is an important challenge to develop technologies for desert sand solidification in order prevent control weather. biomineralization technology solidifying sands has been novel method reinforced soils recent years. field tests are completed at the Wuma Highway section Tengger Desert. superiority of verified by measuring water storage capacity different reinforcement zones including bare zone, plant combined zone. Simultaneously, molecular dynamics calculation analysis used verify role preventing storms. All results demonstrate that effective controlling sandstorm disasters.

Language: Английский

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CALIOP-Based Evaluation of Dust Emissions and Long-Range Transport of the Dust from the Aral−Caspian Arid Region by 3D-Source Potential Impact (3D-SPI) Method

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 2819 - 2819

Published: May 29, 2023

The average monthly profiles of the dust extinction coefficient (ε) were analyzed according to CALIOP lidar data from 2006–2021 for 24 cells (size 2° × 5°) in Aral-Caspian arid region (ACAR; 38–48°N, 50–70°E). Using NOAA HYSPLIT_4 trajectory model and NCEP GDAS1 gridded (resolution 1° 1°) archive meteorological data, array >1 million 10-day forward trajectories (FTs) air particles that started centers ACAR was calculated. On basis FT array, seasonal heights mixed layer (ML) reconstructed. Estimates optical depth (DOD) obtained ACAR’s lower troposphere, ML (“dust emission layer” (EL)), troposphere above transit (TL)) each cells. example ACAR, it is shown analysis DOD EL, TL surface (SL; first 200 m AGL) makes possible identify dusty surfaces are not detected on diagrams entire atmospheric column, as well regions where regular transport aged remote sources can generate false sources. Based fields potential contribution both layers into surrounding retrieved using original method impact a three-dimensional source (3D-PSI). It has been found out spreads over almost Northern Hemisphere; south southeast subject maximum dust. Quantitative estimates regional DODs given number control sites Hemisphere. results could be useful climatological studies.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the hourly ERA5 radiation product and its relationship with aerosols over China

Atmospheric Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 294, P. 106941 - 106941

Published: July 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Added Value of Aerosol Observations of a Future AOS High Spectral Resolution Lidar with Respect to Classic Backscatter Spaceborne Lidar Measurements

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 506 - 506

Published: Jan. 14, 2023

In the context of Atmosphere Observing System (AOS) international program, a new-generation spaceborne lidar is expected to be in polar orbit for deriving new observations aerosol and clouds. this work, we analyze added values these characterizing vertical distribution. For this, synthetic are simulated using BLISS simulator terms backscatter coefficient at 532 nm. We consider two types instruments, an elastic instrument high spectral resolution (HSRL). These simulations performed with atmospheric profiles from nature run (NR) modeled by MOCAGE chemical transport model. three case studies involving large events different species, value HSRL channel (for measuring respect simple measurements) shown. Observations independent priori ratio assumption, as done typically backscattering allow probing structures layers without divergence, even cases intense episodes. A 5-day study desert dust completes relative mean bias NR order 1.5%. low abundances, errors may lay between +40% −40%, biases +5% −5%.

Language: Английский

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