Remote Sensing,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
13(21), P. 4215 - 4215
Published: Oct. 21, 2021
High-resolution
benthic
habitat
data
fill
an
important
knowledge
gap
for
many
areas
of
the
world
and
are
essential
strategic
marine
conservation
planning
implementing
effective
resource
management.
Many
countries
lack
resources
capacity
to
create
these
products,
which
has
hindered
development
accurate
ecological
baselines
assessing
protection
needs
coastal
habitats
monitoring
change
guide
adaptive
management
actions.
The
PlanetScope
(PS)
Dove
Classic
SmallSat
constellation
delivers
high-resolution
imagery
(4
m)
near-daily
global
coverage
that
facilitates
compilation
a
cloud-free
optimal
water
column
image
composite
Caribbean’s
nearshore
environment.
These
were
used
develop
first-of-its-kind
regional
thirteen-class
map
30
m
depth
using
object-based
analysis
(OBIA)
approach.
A
total
203,676
km2
shallow
across
Insular
Caribbean
was
mapped,
representing
5%
coral
reef,
43%
seagrass,
15%
hardbottom,
37%
other
habitats.
Results
from
combined
major
class
accuracy
assessment
yielded
overall
80%
with
standard
error
less
than
1%
yielding
confidence
interval
78–82%.
Of
area
(31,311.7
km2)
within
protected
or
managed
area.
This
information
provides
baseline
developing
executing
more
actions,
including
spatial
plans,
prioritizing
improving
design,
condition
post-storm
damage
assessments,
providing
ecosystem
service
models.
Animals,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
10(11), P. 2014 - 2014
Published: Nov. 1, 2020
The
multi-billion
dollar
trade
in
ornamental
fishes
has
rarely
been
reliably
monitored.
Almost
all
coral
reef
are
wild-caught,
and
few
scientific
analyses
have
attempted
to
elicit
exact
quantities
identify
species
involved.
consequences
of
the
removal
millions
these
poorly
understood.
This
article
collates
examines
available
information,
including
studies
formal
publications,
order
create
a
more
accurate
picture
this
commerce.
We
demonstrate
that
it
is
almost
impossible
analyse
marine
due
lack
data,
data
for
frequently
combined
with
freshwater
species.
Figures
range
from
15
30
million
being
traded
annually,
but
could
be
as
high
150
specimens.
global
value
was
only
estimated
1976
1999
between
USD
28-40
million.
review
highlights
urgent
need
introduce
specific
harmonised
system
tariff
code
monitoring
system,
such
Trade
Control
Expert
System
already
use
Europe,
gather
timely
information
on
number
commerce,
where
specimens
originated,
whether
they
were
wild-caught
or
captive-bred.
Ecotoxicology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
31(9), P. 1331 - 1345
Published: Sept. 29, 2022
Sunscreen
use
has
increased
in
recent
years,
as
sunscreen
products
minimize
the
damaging
effects
of
solar
radiation.
Active
ingredients
called
ultraviolet
(UV)
filters
or
UV
agents,
either
organic
inorganic,
responsible
for
defending
skin
tissue
against
harmful
rays,
are
incorporated
formulations.
agents
have
a
serious
impact
on
many
members
bio
communities,
and
they
transferred
to
environment
directly
indirectly.
Many
found
be
accumulated
marine
environments
because
high
values
octanol/water
partition
coefficient.
However,
due
fact
that
not
stable
water,
unwanted
by-products
may
formed.
Experimental
studies
field
observations
shown
tend
bioaccumulate
various
aquatic
animals,
such
corals,
algae,
arthropods,
mollusks,
echinoderms,
vertebrates.
This
review
was
conducted
order
understand
both
biota.
In
vivo
vitro
show
wide
range
adverse
exposed
organisms.
Coral
bleaching
receives
considerable
attention,
but
scientific
data
identify
potential
toxicities
endocrine,
neurologic,
neoplastic
developmental
pathways.
more
controlled
environmental
long-term
human
limited.
Several
jurisdictions
prohibited
specific
filters,
this
does
adequately
address
dichotomy
benefits
photoprotection
vs
lack
eco-friendly,
safe,
approved
alternatives.
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
28(23), P. 7139 - 7153
Published: Sept. 28, 2022
Human
populations
near
ecosystems
are
used
as
both
a
proxy
for
dependency
on
ecosystems,
and
conversely
to
estimate
threats.
Consequently,
the
number
of
people
living
coral
reefs
is
often
in
regional
reef
management,
evaluation
risk
at
global
scales,
even
considerations
funding
needs.
their
statistics,
ever-changing
data
relating
have
not
been
updated
regularly.
Here,
we
present
an
up-to-date
analysis
abundance,
density
within
5-100
km
along
with
population
proportion,
using
freely
available
sets
replicable
methods.
We
trends
changes
human
over
20-year
time
period
(2000-2020),
divided
by
region
country,
socio-economic
denominations
such
country
income
category
Small
Island
Developing
States
(SIDS).
find
that
across
117
countries
there
currently
close
billion
100
(~13%
population)
compared
762
million
2000.
Population
growth
higher
than
averages.
The
Indian
Ocean
saw
33%
increase
71%
5
km.
There
60
100%
reefs.
In
SIDS,
proportion
total
extremely
high:
94%
2020.
5-10
from
4×
average.
From
km,
more
lower-middle-income
live
any
other
category.
Our
findings
provide
most
extensive
statistics
nation-level
differences
play
large
role
health
survival.
Ocean & Coastal Management,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
227, P. 106269 - 106269
Published: July 18, 2022
Land-based
nitrogen
pollution
is
a
major
threat
to
coastal
ecosystems,
especially
in
tropical
regions
home
high
biodiversity
habitats
such
as
coral
reefs
and
seagrass
beds.
The
sustained
addition
of
excess
nutrients
(in
the
form
nitrates)
these
which
are
adapted
oligotrophic
environments,
disrupts
ecosystem
function
ability
provide
services
that
support
livelihoods
benefit
human
well-being.
Nitrogen
(N)
primarily
originates
from
agricultural
crop
production,
livestock
waste,
sewage,
well
excretion
seabird
feral
ungulates
for
some
small
atolls
cayes.
Determining
most
effective
mitigation
strategies
reduce
N
given
location
begins
with
identifying
quantifying
input
source.
Here
we
model
four
sources
–
wastewater
generated
permanent
residents
seasonal
populations
at
regional
scale,
measuring
inputs
impacts
430
watersheds
drain
into
Mesoamerican
Reef
region.
We
find
leaching
fertilizer
production
runoff
associated
contribute
majority
(92%),
while
contributions
residential
tourism
were
lower
(8%).
A
north-south
divide
was
observed,
south,
Guatemala
Honduras,
highest
levels
pollution.
top
20
polluting
contributed
nearly
90%
percent
all
analyzed
MAR,
(11)
located
southern
part
MAR.
two
on
their
own,
Rio
Ulua,
Motagua,
Guatemala,
approximately
50%
total
However,
more
exposed
plumes
originating
smaller,
watersheds.
Our
approach
provides
map
region
highlighting
hotspots
managers
target
mitigation,
main
sectors
industries
engage
when
designing
solutions.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: May 20, 2022
Abstract
Anthropogenic
noise
impacts
are
pervasive
across
taxa,
ecosystems
and
the
world.
Here,
we
experimentally
test
hypothesis
that
protecting
vulnerable
habitats
from
pollution
can
improve
animal
reproductive
success.
Using
a
season-long
field
manipulation
with
an
established
model
system
on
Great
Barrier
Reef,
demonstrate
limiting
motorboat
activity
reefs
leads
to
survival
of
more
fish
offspring
compared
experiencing
busy
traffic.
A
complementary
laboratory
experiment
isolated
importance
and,
in
combination
study,
showed
enhanced
success
protected
is
likely
due
improvements
parental
care
length.
Our
results
suggest
mitigation
could
have
benefits
carry
through
population-level
by
increasing
adult
output
growth,
thus
helping
protect
coral
human
presenting
valuable
opportunity
for
enhancing
ecosystem
resilience.
Ecological Monographs,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
93(3)
Published: June 10, 2023
Abstract
Declines
in
habitat
structural
complexity
have
marked
ecological
outcomes,
as
currently
observed
many
of
the
world's
ecosystems.
Coral
reefs
provided
a
model
for
such
changes
marine
ecosystems;
still
our
understanding
has
been
centered
on
corals
and
fishes
at
broad
spatial
scales
when
metazoan
diversity
coral
is
dominated
by
small
cryptic
taxa
(herein:
“cryptofauna”).
Given
paucity
studies
high
taxonomic
cryptofauna,
both
which
limit
priori
hypotheses,
we
asked
whether
hierarchical
structuring
theory
provides
compelling
framework
to
impose
order
quantify
patterns.
In
general
terms,
explored
communities
are
sufficiently
described
seascape
parameters
or
limited
set
processes
operating
their
distinctly
nested
microhabitat
scale.
To
address
this
gaps
knowledge
characterized
community
structure
rubble,
an
eroded
condition
where
biodiversity
proliferates.
Rubble
was
sampled
along
depth
exposure
gradient
Heron
Island
Great
Barrier
Reef,
Australia,
parameterize
environmental
morphological
indicators
sessile
motile
cryptofauna
communities.
We
used
study
from
scales,
were
evaluated
using
nonstructured
multivariate
analyses
Bayesian
equation
modeling.
While
showed
effects
cryptobenthos
its
community,
approach
overlooked
finer
patterns
rubble
ecology
revealed
only
structured
model.
Seascape
(exposure
depth)
influenced
(i.e.,
branchiness),
determined
cover
organisms
pieces,
shaped
community.
likely
be
increasingly
prevalent
Anthropocene
typically
associated
with
low
seascape‐level
reduced
macrofaunal
richness.
Parallel
theory,
similar
response
scale
whereby
branchiness)
cryptobenthic
structure,
size
spectra.
future
ocean,
expect
there
may
initial
increase
trophodynamic
derived
branching
but
delay
ecosystem‐scale
outcomes
if
coral,
thus
generation
not
sustained.
Abstract
Few
coastal
ecosystems
remain
untouched
by
direct
human
activities,
and
none
are
unimpacted
anthropogenic
climate
change.
These
drivers
interact
with
exacerbate
each
other
in
complex
ways,
yielding
a
mosaic
of
ecological
consequences
that
range
from
adaptive
responses,
such
as
geographic
shifts
changes
phenology,
to
severe
impacts,
mass
mortalities,
regime
loss
biodiversity.
Identifying
the
role
change
these
phenomena
requires
corroborating
evidence
multiple
lines
evidence,
including
laboratory
experiments,
field
observations,
numerical
models
palaeorecords.
Yet
few
studies
can
confidently
quantify
magnitude
effect
attributable
solely
change,
because
seldom
acts
alone
ecosystems.
Projections
future
risk
further
complicated
scenario
uncertainty
–
is,
our
lack
knowledge
about
degree
which
humanity
will
mitigate
greenhouse-gas
emissions,
or
make
ways
we
impact
Irrespective,
ocean
warming
would
be
impossible
reverse
before
end
century,
sea
levels
likely
continue
rise
for
centuries
elevated
millennia.
Therefore,
risks
projected
mirror
impacts
already
observed,
severity
escalating
cumulative
emissions.
Promising
avenues
progress
beyond
qualitative
assessments
include
collaborative
modelling
initiatives,
model
intercomparison
projects,
use
broader
systems.
But
reduce
rapidly
reducing
emissions
greenhouse
gases,
restoring
damaged
habitats,
regulating
non-climate
stressors
using
climate-smart
conservation
actions,
implementing
inclusive
coastal-zone
management
approaches,
especially
those
involving
nature-based
solutions.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
918, P. 170651 - 170651
Published: Feb. 5, 2024
Microplastic
pollution
is
an
increasing
threat
to
coral
reefs,
which
are
already
strongly
challenged
by
climate
change-related
heat
stress.
Although
it
known
that
scleractinian
corals
can
ingest
microplastic,
little
about
their
egestion
and
how
microplastic
exposure
may
impair
at
physiological
cellular
levels.
In
addition,
the
effects
of
current
environmental
concentration
have
been
investigated
date,
particularly
in
impacted
this
study,
combined
these
threats
on
Pocillopora
damicornis
were
from
a
physical
perspective.
Colonies
exposed
three
concentrations
polyethylene
beads
(no
beads:
[No
MP],
1
mg/L:
[Low
MP];
10
[High
MP]),
two
different
temperatures
(25
°C
30
°C)
for
72
h.
No
visual
signs
stress
corals,
such
as
abnormal
mucus
production
polyp
extroflection,
recorded.
At
adhered
colonies
ingested
but
also
egested.
Moreover,
thermally
stressed
showed
lower
adhesion
higher
beads.
Coral
bleaching
was
observed
with
increase
temperature
bead
concentration,
indicated
general
decrease
chlorophyll
Symbiodiniaceae
density.
An
lipid
peroxidation
measured
MP]
up-regulation
response
gene
hsp70
due
synergistic
interaction
both
stressors.
Overall,
our
findings
still
represents
main
P.
damicornis,
while
effect
microplastics
health
physiology
be
minor,
especially
control
temperature.
However,
could
exacerbate
thermal
homeostasis,
even
MP].
While
reducing
ocean
warming
critical
preserving
effective
management
emerging
like
equally
essential.