Antibiotics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(2), P. 174 - 174
Published: Feb. 9, 2024
The
presence
of
antibiotics
in
the
environmental
matrix
has
raised
concerns
regarding
their
risk
to
aquatic
ecosystem
and
human
health.
Surface
water,
such
as
rivers,
plays
a
pivotal
role
dispersion
transport
antibiotic
residues.
effective
monitoring
these
contaminants
requires
investigating
sources
distribution.
While
numerous
studies
have
been
conducted
globally
comprehend
emergence,
prevalence,
management
substances,
investigation
therapeutic
Africa
remains
notably
underrepresented.
Consequently,
data
emerging
African
environments
are
scarce,
warranting
further
exploration.
This
study
aims
investigate
occurrence
four
specific
antibiotics-tetracycline,
sulfathiazole,
penicillin
g,
erythromycin-across
different
seasons
Msunduzi
River,
Eastern
South
Africa.
Three
sampling
campaigns
were
during
spring,
autumn,
winter
assess
river.
Analyte
extraction
from
water
samples
was
achieved
through
solid-phase
extraction,
quantification
performed
using
liquid
chromatography-mass
spectrometry.
findings
reveal
notable
concentrations
river
at
locations
closest
wastewater
treatment
discharge
point.
Among
studied,
tetracycline
(158.42-1290.43
ng/L)
sulfathiazole
(112.68-1151.25
most
frequently
detected
compounds
across
majority
sites
tributaries
Erythromycin
less
surface
effluent
but
found
be
algal
species
within
effluents
represent
significant
source
contamination
river,
industrial
areas
informal
settlements
identified
continuous
pollution.
Thus,
it
is
imperative
implement
appropriate
protocols
mitigate
pollution
environment.
Water,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
13(2), P. 181 - 181
Published: Jan. 13, 2021
Emerging
pollutants
(EPs)
are
chemicals
known
to
cause
major
impacts
on
the
terrestrial,
aquatic
life
and
human
health
as
a
result
of
their
chronic
acute
toxicity.
Although
lots
studies
EPs
behavior
in
environment
currently
available
literature,
an
urgent
requirement
exists
complete
toxicological
develop
implement
efficient
ecological
methods
for
removal.
This
paper
raises
some
relevant
problems
related
water
pollution
with
EPs,
risks
they
can
generate
humans
opportunities
reduce
effects
by
Categories
emerging
concern
environment,
sources,
fate
impacts,
examples
discussed.
Organic
UV
filters
shortly
presented
relative
new
category,
focus
need
extensive
experimental
environmental
occurrence,
Furthermore,
sources
resulting
from
discharging
directly
into
rivers
wastewater
treatment
plants
examined.
The
incidence
is
also
considered.
removal
solution
risk
mitigation
addressed,
emphasis
several
non-conventional
processes
involving
biological
EPs.
provides
critical
look
at
current
challenges
posed
presence
comments
recommendations
further
research
impact
improve
performance
developed
Environmental Science and Pollution Research,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
23(13), P. 12835 - 12866
Published: March 29, 2016
Present
technologies
for
wastewater
treatment
do
not
sufficiently
address
the
increasing
pollution
situation
of
receiving
water
bodies,
especially
with
growing
use
personal
care
products
and
pharmaceuticals
(PPCP)
in
private
household
health
sector.
The
relevance
addressing
this
problem
organic
pollutants
was
taken
into
account
by
Directive
2013/39/EU
that
introduced
(i)
quality
evaluation
aquatic
compartments,
(ii)
polluter
pays
principle,
(iii)
need
innovative
affordable
technologies,
(iv)
identification
causes
including
a
list
principal
compounds
to
be
monitored.
In
addition,
watch
10
other
substances
recently
defined
Decision
2015/495
on
March
20,
2015.
This
contains,
among
several
recalcitrant
chemicals,
painkiller
diclofenac
hormones
17β-estradiol
17α-ethinylestradiol.
Although
some
modern
approaches
their
removal
exist,
such
as
advanced
oxidation
processes
(AOPs),
retrofitting
most
plants
AOPs
will
acceptable
consistent
investment
at
reasonable
operational
cost.
Additionally,
by-product
transformation
product
formation
has
considered.
same
is
true
membrane-based
(nanofiltration,
reversed
osmosis)
despite
incredible
progress
been
made
during
recent
years,
because
these
systems
lead
higher
operation
costs
(mainly
due
energy
consumption)
so
majority
communities
easily
accept
them.
Advanced
like
membrane
bioreactors
(MBR)
integrate
biological
degradation
matter
filtration
have
proven
more
complete
elimination
emerging
rather
cost-
labor-intensive
technology.
Still,
presently
applied
methods
are
incapable
removing
critical
completely.
opinion
paper,
state
art
European
WWTPs
reflected,
capacities
single
described.
Furthermore,
analytical
standards,
risk
assessment,
economic
planning
stressed.
survey
results
conclusion
combinations
different
conventional
plant-based
strategies
seem
promising
solve
burning
polluting
our
environment
hazardous
xenobiotics.