Microplastics in freshwater and terrestrial environments: Evaluating the current understanding to identify the knowledge gaps and future research priorities

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 586, P. 127 - 141

Published: Feb. 4, 2017

Language: Английский

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Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Aquatic Environments: Aggregation, Deposition, and Enhanced Contaminant Transport

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 52(4), P. 1704 - 1724

Published: Dec. 21, 2017

Plastic litter is widely acknowledged as a global environmental threat, and poor management disposal lead to increasing levels in the environment. Of recent concern degradation of plastics from macro- micro- even nanosized particles smaller than 100 nm size. At nanoscale, are difficult detect can be transported air, soil, water compartments. While impact plastic debris on marine fresh waters organisms has been studied, loads, transformations, transport, fate terrestrial subsurface environments largely overlooked. In this Critical Review, we first present estimated loads different We also provide critical review current knowledge vis-à-vis nanoplastic (NP) microplastic (MP) aggregation, deposition, contaminant cotransport Important factors that affect aggregation deposition natural identified critically analyzed. Factors affecting sorption onto discussed, show how polyethylene generally exhibits greater capacity other types. Finally, highlight key gaps need addressed improve our ability predict risks associated with these ubiquitous contaminants environment by understanding their mobility, behavior potential enhance transport pollutants.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics as an emerging threat to terrestrial ecosystems

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 1405 - 1416

Published: Dec. 16, 2017

Abstract Microplastics (plastics <5 mm, including nanoplastics which are <0.1 μm) originate from the fragmentation of large plastic litter or direct environmental emission. Their potential impacts in terrestrial ecosystems remain largely unexplored despite numerous reported effects on marine organisms. Most plastics arriving oceans were produced, used, and often disposed land. Hence, it is within systems that microplastics might first interact with biota eliciting ecologically relevant impacts. This article introduces pervasive microplastic contamination as a agent global change systems, highlights physical chemical nature respective observed effects, discusses broad toxicity derived breakdown. Making links to fate aquatic continental we here present new insights into mechanisms geochemistry, biophysical environment, ecotoxicology. Broad changes environments possible even particle‐rich habitats such soils. Furthermore, there growing body evidence indicating organisms mediate essential ecosystem services functions, soil dwelling invertebrates, fungi, plant‐pollinators. Therefore, research needed clarify microplastics. We suggest due widespread presence, persistence, various interactions biota, pollution represent an emerging threat ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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The global threat from plastic pollution

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 373(6550), P. 61 - 65

Published: July 1, 2021

Plastic pollution accumulating in an area of the environment is considered “poorly reversible” if natural mineralization processes occurring there are slow and engineered remediation solutions improbable. Should negative outcomes these areas arise as a consequence plastic pollution, they will be practically irreversible. Potential impacts from poorly reversible include changes to carbon nutrient cycles; habitat within soils, sediments, aquatic ecosystems; co-occurring biological on endangered or keystone species; ecotoxicity; related societal impacts. The rational response global threat posed by rapidly reduce emissions through reductions consumption virgin materials, along with internationally coordinated strategies for waste management.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of Microplastics on the Soil Biophysical Environment

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 52(17), P. 9656 - 9665

Published: July 27, 2018

Soils are essential components of terrestrial ecosystems that experience strong pollution pressure. Microplastic contamination soils is being increasingly documented, with potential consequences for soil biodiversity and function. Notwithstanding, data on effects such contaminants fundamental properties potentially impacting biota lacking. The present study explores the microplastics to disturb vital relationships between water, as well its structure microbial During a 5-weeks garden experiment we exposed loamy sand environmentally relevant nominal concentrations (up 2%) four common microplastic types (polyacrylic fibers, polyamide beads, polyester polyethylene fragments). Then, measured bulk density, water holding capacity, hydraulic conductivity, aggregation, activity. Microplastics affected functional relationship activity stable aggregates. underestimated if idiosyncrasies particle type neglected, suggesting purely qualitative environmental might be limited value assessment in soil. If extended other plastic types, processes unravelled here suggest long-term anthropogenic stressors drivers global change ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Plastics in soil: Analytical methods and possible sources

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 612, P. 422 - 435

Published: Sept. 1, 2017

Language: Английский

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Evidence of microplastic accumulation in agricultural soils from sewage sludge disposal

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 671, P. 411 - 420

Published: March 24, 2019

Microplastics are emerging as a steadily increasing environmental threat. Wastewater treatment plants efficiently remove microplastics from sewage, trapping the particles in sludge and preventing their entrance into aquatic environments. Treatment essentially taking out of waste water concentrating them sludge, however. It has become common practice to use this on agricultural soils fertilizer. The aim current research was evaluate microplastic contamination by practice, assessing implications successive applications looking at total count soil samples. Thirty-one fields with different application records similar edaphoclimatic conditions were evaluated. Field covered ten year period. For all fields, historical disposal events used same amount (40 ton ha-1 dry weight). Extraction done flotation then counted classified help microscope. Seven samples collected that underwent during study Soils where 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 had been performed median 1.1, 1.6, 1.7, 2.3, 3.5 g-1 soil, respectively. There statistical differences contents related number field undergone (1, 3 < 5). Microplastic content ranged 18 41 g-1, 34 g-1. majority observed fibers (90% 97% soil). Our results indicate counts increase over time performed. stress relevance driver contamination.

Language: Английский

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An overview of microplastic and nanoplastic pollution in agroecosystems

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 627, P. 1377 - 1388

Published: Feb. 20, 2018

Language: Английский

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The distribution of microplastics in soil aggregate fractions in southwestern China

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 642, P. 12 - 20

Published: June 9, 2018

Language: Английский

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Effects of Microplastics in Soil Ecosystems: Above and Below Ground

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 53(19), P. 11496 - 11506

Published: Sept. 11, 2019

Environmental contamination by microplastics is now considered an emerging threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Soil ecosystems, particularly agricultural land, have been recognized as a major sink of microplastics, but the impacts on soil ecosystems (e.g., above below ground) remain largely unknown. In this study, different types [biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA)], conventional high-density polyethylene (HDPE), microplastic clothing fibers were added containing endogeic Aporrectodea rosea (rosy-tipped earthworm) planted with Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) assess biophysical response in mesocosm experiment. When exposed or PLA fewer seeds germinated. There was also reduction shoot height PLA. The biomass A. HDPE significantly reduced compared control samples. Furthermore, present there decrease pH. size distribution water-stable aggregates altered when present, suggesting potential alterations stability. This study provides evidence that manufactured PLA, synthetic can affect development L. perenne, health basic, crucial properties, further

Language: Английский

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