Blind spots in global soil biodiversity and ecosystem function research

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Aug. 3, 2020

Soils harbor a substantial fraction of the world's biodiversity, contributing to many crucial ecosystem functions. It is thus essential identify general macroecological patterns related distribution and functioning soil organisms support their conservation consideration by governance. These analyses need represent diversity environmental conditions that can be found worldwide. Here we characterize existing gaps in taxa data across studies 17,186 sampling sites globe. include important spatial, environmental, taxonomic, functional gaps, an almost complete absence temporally explicit data. We also limitations explore biodiversity-ecosystem relationships, with only 0.3% all having both information about biodiversity function, although different taxonomic groups functions at each site. Based on this information, provide clear priorities expand research. Soil organism contributes but function have not been equivalently studied authors locations, environment types, for which there currently lack literature.

Language: Английский

---

Genesis, goals and achievements of Long-Term Ecological Research at the global scale: A critical review of ILTER and future directions

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 626, P. 1439 - 1462

Published: Feb. 19, 2018

Since its founding in 1993 the International Long-term Ecological Research Network (ILTER) has gone through pronounced development phases. The current network comprises 44 active member LTER networks representing 700 Sites and ~80 LTSER Platforms across all continents, fields of ecosystem, critical zone socio-ecological research. challenges most important achievements initial phase have now become state-of-the-art networking for excellent science. At same time increasing integration, accelerating technology, resources a strong pull more socially relevant scientific information been modifying mission goals ILTER. This article provides review ILTER's mission, goals, impacts. Major characteristics, tools, services, partnerships selected examples relative strengths advancing ILTER are presented. We elaborate on tradeoffs between needs community stakeholder expectations. embedding an increasingly collaborative landscape global environmental observation ecological research infrastructures is also reflected by developments pioneering regional national such as SAEON South Africa, CERN/CEOBEX China, TERN Australia or eLTER RI Europe. primary role currently seen mechanism to investigate ecosystem structure, function, services response wide range forcings using long-term, place-based suggest four main activities advancements next decade development/delivery a: (1) Global multi-disciplinary researchers institutes; (2) Strategic framework research; (3) Infrastructure (GRI); (4) knowledge factory societally sustainable use natural resources.

Language: Английский

---

Litter decomposition: effects of temperature driven by soil moisture and vegetation type

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 435(1-2), P. 187 - 200

Published: Nov. 18, 2018

Language: Английский

---

Resolving the intricate role of climate in litter decomposition

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 214 - 223

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Global patterns in fine root decomposition: climate, chemistry, mycorrhizal association and woodiness

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 946 - 953

Published: March 19, 2019

Abstract Fine root decomposition constitutes a critical yet poorly understood flux of carbon and nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we present the first large‐scale synthesis species trait effects on early stages fine at both global local scales. Based rates for 279 plant across 105 studies 176 sites, found that mycorrhizal association woodiness are best categorical traits predicting decomposition. Consistent positive nitrogen phosphorus concentrations negative lignin concentration emerged within sites. Similar relationships were along with temperature moisture. Calcium was not consistently related to rate either scale. While chemical drivers parallel those leaf decomposition, our results indicate functional groups differ from

Language: Английский

---

Global vulnerability of soil ecosystems to erosion

Landscape Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 35(4), P. 823 - 842

Published: March 10, 2020

Abstract Context Soil erosion is one of the main threats driving soil degradation across globe with important impacts on crop yields, biota, biogeochemical cycles, and ultimately human nutrition. Objectives Here, using an empirical model, we present a global temporally explicit assessment risk according to recent (2001–2013) dynamics rainfall vegetation cover change identify vulnerable areas for soils biodiversity. Methods We used adaptation Universal Loss Equation together state art remote sensing models create spatially model protection. Finally, overlaid maps biodiversity assess potential vulnerability these communities erosion. Results show consistent decline in protection over time terrestrial biomes, which resulted increase 11.7% rates. Notably, systematically increased between 2006 2013 relation baseline year (2001). Although central protection, this was mostly driven by changes erosivity. Globally, expected not only have impact conditions but also 6.4% (for macrofauna) 7.6% fungi) coinciding regions high Conclusions Our results indicate that increasing proportion are degraded globally, affecting livelihoods potentially degrading local regional landscapes. Similarly, many coincide may impacted levels

Language: Английский

---

Global-change effects on early-stage decomposition processes in tidal wetlands – implications from a global survey using standardized litter

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 3189 - 3202

Published: May 30, 2018

Abstract. Tidal wetlands, such as tidal marshes and mangroves, are hotspots for carbon sequestration. The preservation of organic matter (OM) is a critical process by which wetlands exert influence over the global cycle at same time gain elevation to keep pace with sea-level rise (SLR). present study assessed effects temperature relative sea level on decomposition rate stabilization OM in worldwide, utilizing commercially available standardized litter. While per se were minor, we show strong negative stabilization, based fraction labile, rapidly hydrolyzable that becomes stabilized during deployment. Across sites, was 29 % lower low, more frequently flooded vs. high, less zones. Stabilization declined ∼ 75 studied gradient from 10.9 28.5 ∘C. Additionally, data Plum Island long-term ecological research site Massachusetts, USA, pronounced reduction > 70 response simulated coastal eutrophication, confirming potentially high sensitivity change. We therefore provide evidence rising temperature, accelerated SLR, eutrophication may decrease future capacity sequester affecting initial transformations recent inputs soil OM.

Language: Английский

---

Warming and increased precipitation indirectly affect the composition and turnover of labile-fraction soil organic matter by directly affecting vegetation and microorganisms

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 714, P. 136787 - 136787

Published: Jan. 18, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Decomposition of leaf litter mixtures across biomes: The role of litter identity, diversity and soil fauna

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 108(6), P. 2283 - 2297

Published: June 25, 2020

Abstract At broad spatial scales, the factors regulating litter decomposition remain ambiguous, with understanding of these largely based on studies investigating site‐specific single species, whereas using multi species mixtures across sites are rare. We exposed in microcosms containing and all possible four leaf differing widely initial chemical physical characteristics from a temperate forest to climatic conditions different forests Northern Hemisphere for 1 year. Calcium, magnesium condensed tannins predicted mass loss types biomes, regardless richness microarthropod presence. However, relative mixture effects differed among varied access by microarthropods. Access microarthropods modified individual within mixtures, which independent composition mixtures. soil generally only little affected decomposition. Synthesis . conclude that identity is dominant driver non‐additive vary biomes despite identical chemistry. These results suggest large scales environmental context decomposing including communities, determine besides strong trait‐based effects.

Language: Английский

---

Relative Importance of Climate, Soil and Plant Functional Traits During the Early Decomposition Stage of Standardized Litter

Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 1004 - 1018

Published: Oct. 17, 2019

Language: Английский

---