Water,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
13(9), P. 1159 - 1159
Published: April 22, 2021
The
procedures
for
analyzing
pharmaceuticals
and
personal
care
products
(PPCPs)
are
typically
tedious
expensive
thus,
it
is
necessary
to
synthesize
all
available
information
from
previously
conducted
research.
An
extensive
collection
of
PPCP
data
the
published
literature
was
compiled
determine
occurrence,
pathways,
effectiveness
current
treatment
technologies
removal
PPCPs
in
water
wastewater.
Approximately
90%
papers
originated
Asia,
Europe,
North
American
regions.
incomplete
different
wastewater
processes
widely
reported,
thus
resulting
occurrence
compounds
various
environmental
compartments.
Caffeine,
carbamazepine,
diclofenac,
ibuprofen,
triclosan,
triclocarban
were
among
most
commonly
reported
detected
solid
matrices.
Trace
concentrations
also
on
plants
animal
tissues,
indicating
bioaccumulative
properties
some
compounds.
A
significant
lack
studies
regarding
presence
plant
samples
identified
review.
Furthermore,
there
still
knowledge
gaps
ecotoxicity,
sub-lethal
effects,
effective
PPCPs.
this
study
can
be
used
devise
a
more
research
paradigm
guidelines
management.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
16(17), P. 3026 - 3026
Published: Aug. 21, 2019
PPCPs
are
found
almost
everywhere
in
the
environment
especially
at
an
alarming
rate
and
very
low
concentration
aquatic
systems.
Many
methods—including
pressurized
hot
water
extraction
(PHWE),
liquid
(PLE),
ultrasound-assisted
(UAE),
micro-assisted
(MAE)—have
been
employed
for
their
from
both
surface
waters
biota.
Solid-phase
(SPE)
proved
to
be
best
method
these
polar,
non-volatile,
thermally
unstable
compounds
water.
However,
ultrasonic
works
better
isolation
sediment
because
it
is
cheap
consumes
less
solvent,
even
though
SPE
preferred
as
a
clean-up
samples.
groups
of—acidic
(e.g.,
diclofenac,
ibuprofen,
naproxen),
neutral
caffeine,
carbamazepine,
fluoxetine),
basic
pharmaceuticals,
well
antibiotics
estrogens
amongst
others.
which
present
trace
levels
(ng/L)
more
often
determined
by
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
(LC-MS),
gas
(GC-MS),
high-performance
chromatography-ultraviolent
(HPLC-UV).
Of
these,
LC-MS
LC-MS-MS
mostly
analysis
of
this
class
compounds,
not
without
draw-back
matrix
effect.
GC-MS
GC-MS-MS
considered
alternative
cost-effective
methods
that
can
also
give
results
after
derivatization.
Water,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
13(9), P. 1159 - 1159
Published: April 22, 2021
The
procedures
for
analyzing
pharmaceuticals
and
personal
care
products
(PPCPs)
are
typically
tedious
expensive
thus,
it
is
necessary
to
synthesize
all
available
information
from
previously
conducted
research.
An
extensive
collection
of
PPCP
data
the
published
literature
was
compiled
determine
occurrence,
pathways,
effectiveness
current
treatment
technologies
removal
PPCPs
in
water
wastewater.
Approximately
90%
papers
originated
Asia,
Europe,
North
American
regions.
incomplete
different
wastewater
processes
widely
reported,
thus
resulting
occurrence
compounds
various
environmental
compartments.
Caffeine,
carbamazepine,
diclofenac,
ibuprofen,
triclosan,
triclocarban
were
among
most
commonly
reported
detected
solid
matrices.
Trace
concentrations
also
on
plants
animal
tissues,
indicating
bioaccumulative
properties
some
compounds.
A
significant
lack
studies
regarding
presence
plant
samples
identified
review.
Furthermore,
there
still
knowledge
gaps
ecotoxicity,
sub-lethal
effects,
effective
PPCPs.
this
study
can
be
used
devise
a
more
research
paradigm
guidelines
management.
