Global Biogeochemical Cycles,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
35(8)
Published: July 16, 2021
Abstract
The
total
human
mobilization
of
Li
from
the
Earth's
crust,
>1,000
×
10
9
g/year,
is
much
larger
than
mobilized
by
natural
processes
chemical
and
mechanical
weathering
(94
132
respectively),
representing
a
∼500%
perturbation
global
cycle
activities.
anthropogenic
shows
enhanced
releases
to
freshwaters
oil‐produced
water
(46
g/year),
leaching
coal
ash
(7–20
extraction
groundwaters
(29
g/year).
sum
these
sources
more
doubles
transport
dissolved
sea
in
rivers
(69
Currently,
excretion
therapeutic
drugs
disposal
lithium‐ion
batteries
are
small
component
rivers,
although
latter
may
increase
markedly
as
dominant
energy
storage.
Human
emissions
particles
atmosphere—55
g/year
combustion—comprise
about
38%
emission
atmosphere
various
sources.
inputs
estimated
deposition
atmosphere,
which
poorly
constrained
available
data.
Geoscience Frontiers,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 101734 - 101734
Published: Oct. 30, 2023
Groundwater
pollution
by
fluoride
is
one
of
the
prime
concerns
world
population
due
to
its
toxicity,
which
results
in
adverse
health
impacts.
In
this
paper,
we
review
current
scenario
contamination
groundwater
various
countries
across
globe
and
impact
on
human
health.
During
last
decade,
several
newly
affected
regions
have
been
reported
all
over
world,
with
more
than
100
(concentration
exceeding
acceptable
limit
1.5
mg/L
defined
World
Health
Organization).
Fluoride
poisoning
mainly
unsupervised
ingestion
products
for
dental
oral
hygiene
over-fluoridated
drinking
water.
It
estimated
that
200
million
people
from
different
are
fluoride-related
issues
problems.
The
highest
among
these
Africa
(38),
Asia
(28),
Europe
(24),
followed
like
South
America
(5),
North
(3),
Australia
(2).
source
water
primarily
geogenic,
together
forage,
grasses
grains,
tea,
anthropogenic
sources.
These
were
correlated
climatic
zones
geological
factors
gain
insights
into
geospatial
relations.
Our
analyses
show
most
pollution-prone
located
high-grade
metamorphic
terranes
granitoid
or
alkaline
intrusions,
geothermal
hot
springs,
volcanic
arid
semi-arid
conditions.
This
study
also
finds
children
vulnerable
adults
contamination.
that,
although
there
efficient
removal
techniques,
including
filters
next-generation
nanomaterials,
date,
has
not
a
single
technique
developed
can
claim
be
practically
robust
solution
Therefore,
suggest
developing
retain
essential
minerals
remove
only
harmful
ones
selecting
purification
technologies
according
need,
climate,
geology,
geographic
location.
findings
our
would
help
policymakers
take
effective
sustainable
measures
safe
supply
areas.
Within
framework
Sustainable
Development
Goals
(SDGs),
particularly
SDG
3
(Good
Well-being)
6
(Clean
Water
Sanitation),
emphasizes
critical
role
as
key
indicator.
underscores
imperative
addressing
elevated
levels
water,
African
Asian
countries,
achieve
overarching
objective
universal
equitable
access
safe,
affordable,
uncontaminated
global
society
targeted
year
2030.
Applied Geochemistry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
148, P. 105534 - 105534
Published: Dec. 2, 2022
The
concentrations
of
U
in
natural
waters
are
usually
low,
being
typically
less
than
4
μg/L
river
water,
around
3.3
open
seawater,
and
5
groundwater.
Higher
can
occur
both
surface
water
groundwater
the
range
spans
some
six
orders
magnitude,
with
extremes
mg/L
range.
However,
such
rare
linked
to
localized
mineralization
or
evaporation
alkaline
lakes.
High
groundwater,
substantially
above
WHO
provisional
guideline
value
for
drinking
30
μg/L,
associated
most
strongly
(i)
granitic
felsic
volcanic
aquifers,
(ii)
continental
sandstone
aquifers
especially
alluvial
plains
(iii)
areas
mineralization.
High-U
provinces
more
common
arid
semi-arid
terrains
where
is
an
additional
factor
involved
concentrating
other
solutes.
Examples
documented
high
include
several
parts
peninsular
India,
eastern
USA,
Canada,
South
Korea,
southern
Finland,
Norway,
Switzerland
Burundi.
Indo-Gangetic
Basin
India
Pakistan,
Central
Valley,
Plains,
Carson
Desert,
Española
Edwards-Trinity
Datong
Basin,
China,
Iraq
loess
Chaco-Pampean
Plain,
Argentina.
Many
these
host
eroded
deposits
precursors
which
likely
act
as
primary
sources
U.
Numerous
examples
exist
impacted
by
mineralization,
often
accompanied
mining,
including
locations
Australia,
Brazil,
Portugal,
Egypt
Germany.
These
may
extreme
but
extent.
overarching
mechanisms
mobilization
now
well-established
depend
broadly
on
redox
conditions,
pH
solute
chemistry,
shaped
geological
conditions
outlined
above.
Uranium
recognized
be
mobile
its
oxic,
U(VI)
state,
at
neutral
(7–9)
aided
formation
stable
U–CO3(±Ca,
Mg)
complexes.
In
oxic
commonly
covaries
similarly
controlled
anions
oxyanions
F,
As,
V
Mo.
also
acidic
(2–4),
principally
uranyl
cation
UO22+.
Mobility
mineralized
therefore
acid
drainage,
depending
local
occurrence
capacity
buffering
carbonate
minerals.
has
been
observed
mildly
(Mn-)
reducing
conditions.
immobile
(Fe-,
SO4-)
it
reduced
U(IV)
either
precipitated
a
crystalline
'non-crystalline'
form
UO2
sorbed
mineral
surfaces.
A
detailed
understanding
chemistry
environment
challenging
because
large
number
complexes
formed,
strong
binding
oxides
humic
substances
their
interactions,
ternary
oxide-humic-U
interactions.
Improved
quantification
interactions
will
require
updating
commonly-used
speciation
software
databases
recent
developments
complexation
models.
Also,
given
important
role
maintaining
low
many
waters,
nature
solubility
amorphous
non-crystalline
forms
that
result
from
microbial
reduction
need
improved
quantification.
Even
high-U
exists,
percentage
exceedances
variable
small.
More
rigorous
testing
programmes
establish
usable
warranted
vulnerable
aquifers.
As
drinking-water
regulation
relatively
introduction
countries
(e.g.
European
Union),
not
yet
routine
established
data
still
limited.
Acquisition
whether
analogous
elsewhere
world
have
similar
patterns
aqueous
distribution.
regions
so
far,
general
absence
evidence
clinical
health
symptoms
positive
finding
tempers
scale
public
concern,
though
highlights
continued
investigation.
Environmental Geochemistry and Health,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
42(11), P. 3819 - 3839
Published: June 29, 2020
Abstract
Monitoring
the
groundwater
chemical
composition
and
identifying
presence
of
pollutants
is
an
integral
part
any
comprehensive
management
strategy.
The
present
study
was
conducted
in
a
West
Tripura,
northeast
India,
to
investigate
sources
trace
metals
risk
human
health
due
direct
ingestion
groundwater.
Samples
were
collected
from
68
locations
twice
year
2016
2018.
Mixed
Ca–Mg–HCO
3
,
Ca–Cl
Ca–Mg–Cl
main
types.
Hydrogeochemical
methods
showed
mineralization
(1)
carbonate
dissolution,
(2)
silicate
weathering,
(3)
cation
exchange
processes
(4)
anthropogenic
sources.
Occurrence
faecal
coliforms
increased
after
monsoons.
Nitrate
microbial
contamination
wastewater
infiltration
apparent.
Iron,
manganese,
lead,
cadmium
arsenic
above
drinking
water
limits
prescribed
by
Bureau
Indian
Standards.
Water
quality
index
indicated
1.5%
had
poor,
8.7%
marginal,
16.2%
fair,
66.2%
good
7.4%
excellent
quality.
Correlation
principal
component
analysis
reiterated
major
ions
identified
hydrogeochemical
methods.
Human
exposure
assessment
suggests
high
iron
unsafe
levels
requires
proper
treatment
measures
before
domestic
use.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
58(8), P. 3953 - 3965
Published: Feb. 15, 2024
Elevated
groundwater
salinity
is
unsuitable
for
drinking
and
harmful
to
crop
production.
Thus,
it
crucial
determine
distribution,
especially
where
agricultural
water
requirements
are
largely
supported
by
groundwater.
This
study
used
field
observation
(
