Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 312, P. 127816 - 127816
Published: June 3, 2021
Language: Английский
The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 831, P. 154907 - 154907
Published: March 30, 2022
Airborne microplastics (MPs) have been sampled globally, and their concentration is known to increase in areas of high human population activity, especially indoors. Respiratory symptoms disease following exposure occupational levels MPs within industry settings also reported. It remains be seen whether from the environment can inhaled, deposited accumulated lungs. This study analysed digested lung tissue samples (n = 13) using μFTIR spectroscopy (size limitation 3 μm) detect characterise any present. In total, 39 were identified 11 13 with an average 1.42 ± 1.50 MP/g (expressed as 0.69 0.84 after background subtraction adjustments). The MP significantly higher than those combined procedural/laboratory blanks 9 MPs, a mean SD 0.53 1.07, p 0.001). Of detected, 12 polymer types polypropylene, PP (23%), polyethylene terephthalate, PET (18%) resin (15%) most abundant. (unadjusted) all regions categorised upper (0.80 0.96 MP/g), middle/lingular (0.41 0.37 detected lower (3.12 1.30 MP/g) region compared (p 0.026) mid 0.038) regions. After subtracting blanks, these became 0.23 0.28, 0.33 1.65 0.88 respectively. demonstrates highest level contamination control reports unadjusted values alongside different adjustment techniques. These results support inhalation route for environmental this characterisation now inform realistic conditions laboratory experiments, aim determining health impacts.
Language: Английский
Citations
839
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 407, P. 124357 - 124357
Published: Oct. 23, 2020
Language: Английский
Citations
743
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 404, P. 124004 - 124004
Published: Oct. 6, 2020
Language: Английский
Citations
660
Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 496 - 496
Published: Feb. 16, 2021
Plastics have enormous impacts to every aspect of daily life including technology, medicine and treatments, domestic appliances. Most the used plastics are thrown away by consumers after a single use, which has become huge environmental problem as they will end up in landfill, oceans other waterways. These discarded vast numbers each day, breaking down from micro- nano-sizes led worries about how toxic these environment humans. While, there several earlier studies reported effects nano-plastics on environment, is scant research into their impact human body at subcellular or molecular levels. In particular, potential move through gut, lungs skin epithelia causing systemic exposure not been examined thoroughly. This review explores thoroughly nanoplastics created, behave/breakdown within levels toxicity pollution nanoplastics, possible health humans, well suggestions for additional research. paper aims inspire future core elements nano-plastics, biological reactions caused specific unusual qualities.
Language: Английский
Citations
640
The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 757, P. 143872 - 143872
Published: Dec. 3, 2020
Language: Английский
Citations
581
Annals of Global Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 86(1), P. 151 - 151
Published: Dec. 3, 2020
Background: Pollution – unwanted waste released to air, water, and land by human activity is the largest environmental cause of disease in world today. It responsible for an estimated nine million premature deaths per year, enormous economic losses, erosion capital, degradation ecosystems. Ocean pollution important, but insufficiently recognized inadequately controlled component global pollution. poses serious threats health well-being. The nature magnitude these impacts are only beginning be understood. Goals: (1) Broadly examine known potential ocean on health. (2) Inform policy makers, government leaders, international organizations, civil society, public threats. (3) Propose priorities interventions control prevent seas safeguard Methods: Topic-focused reviews that effects health, identify gaps knowledge, project future trends, offer evidence-based guidance effective intervention. Environmental Findings: oceans widespread, worsening, most countries poorly controlled. a complex mixture toxic metals, plastics, manufactured chemicals, petroleum, urban industrial wastes, pesticides, fertilizers, pharmaceutical agricultural runoff, sewage. More than 80% arises from land-based sources. reaches through rivers, atmospheric deposition direct discharges. often heaviest near coasts highly concentrated along low- middle-income countries. Plastic rapidly increasing visible pollution, 10 metric tons plastic enter each year. Mercury metal pollutant greatest concern oceans; it two main sources coal combustion small-scale gold mining. Global spread industrialized agriculture with use chemical fertilizer leads extension Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) previously unaffected regions. Chemical pollutants ubiquitous contaminate marine organisms high Arctic abyssal depths. Ecosystem has multiple negative ecosystems, exacerbated climate change. Petroleum-based reduce photosynthesis microorganisms generate oxygen. Increasing absorption carbon dioxide into causes acidification, which destroys coral reefs, impairs shellfish development, dissolves calcium-containing at base food web, increases toxicity some pollutants. threatens mammals, fish, seabirds accumulates large mid-ocean gyres. breaks down microplastic nanoplastic particles containing chemicals can tissues organisms, including species consumed humans. Industrial releases, sewage increase frequency severity HABs, bacterial anti-microbial resistance. sea surface warming triggering poleward migration dangerous pathogens such as Vibrio species. discharges, contribute declines fish stocks. Human Health Methylmercury PCBs whose best Exposures infants in utero maternal consumption contaminated seafood damage developing brains, IQ children's risks autism, ADHD learning disorders. Adult exposures methylmercury cardiovascular dementia. Manufactured phthalates, bisphenol A, flame retardants, perfluorinated many them disrupt endocrine signaling, male fertility, nervous system, risk cancer. HABs produce potent toxins accumulate shellfish. When ingested, severe neurological impairment rapid death. HAB also become airborne respiratory disease. Pathogenic bacteria gastrointestinal diseases deep wound infections. With change infections, cholera, will extend new areas. All fall disproportionately vulnerable populations South injustice planetary scale. Conclusions: problem. crosses national boundaries. consequence reckless, shortsighted, unsustainable exploitation earth's resources. endangers impedes production Its great growing, still incompletely costs counted. prevented. Like all forms deploying data-driven strategies based law, policy, technology, enforcement target priority Many have used tools air water now applying Successes achieved date demonstrate broader feasible. Heavily polluted harbors been cleaned, estuaries rejuvenated, reefs restored. Prevention creates benefits. boosts economies, tourism, helps restore fisheries, improves advances Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). These benefits last centuries. Recommendations: World leaders who recognize gravity acknowledge its growing dangers, engage society public, take bold, action stop source critical preventing safeguarding key. Eliminating banning uses mercury Bans single-use better management persistent organic (POPs) reduced DDT. Control treatment sewage, applications fertilizers mitigated coastal reducing HABs. National, regional programs adequately funded backed strong shown effective. Robust monitoring essential track progress. Further hold promise include wide-scale transition renewable fuels; circular economy little focuses equity rather endless growth; embracing principles green chemistry; building scientific capacity Designation Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) protect stocks, enhance Creation MPAs important manifestation commitment protecting seas.
Language: Английский
Citations
561
Polymers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(13), P. 2700 - 2700
Published: June 30, 2022
The widespread use of plastics determines the inevitable human exposure to its by-products, including microplastics (MPs), which enter organism mainly by ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Once internalised, MPs may pass across cell membranes translocate different body sites, triggering specific cellular mechanisms. Hence, potential health impairment caused internalisation accumulation is prime concern, as confirmed numerous studies reporting evident toxic effects in various animal models, marine organisms, lines. In this pilot single-centre observational prospective study, breastmilk samples collected from N. 34 women were analysed Raman Microspectroscopy, and, for first time, MP contamination was found 26 out samples. detected microparticles classified according their shape, colour, dimensions, chemical composition. most abundant composed polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, with sizes ranging 2 12 µm. data statistically relation patients' (age, personal care products containing plastic compounds, consumption fish/shellfish, beverages, food packaging), but no significant relationship found, suggesting that ubiquitous presence makes inevitable.
Language: Английский
Citations
495
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 401, P. 123430 - 123430
Published: July 7, 2020
Language: Английский
Citations
485
Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 56(1), P. 414 - 421
Published: Dec. 22, 2021
Human ingestion of microplastics (MPs) is inevitable due to the ubiquity MPs in various foods and drinking water. Whether poses a substantial risk human health far from understood. Here, by analyzing characteristics feces patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) healthy people, for first time, we found that fecal MP concentration IBD (41.8 items/g dm) was significantly higher than people (28.0 dm). In total, 15 types were detected feces, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (22.3–34.0%) polyamide (8.9–12.4%) being dominant, their primary shapes sheets fibers, respectively. We present evidence indicating positive correlation exists between severity IBD. Combining questionnaire survey MPs, conclude plastic packaging water food dust exposure are important sources MPs. Furthermore, status suggests may be related process or exacerbates retention The relative mechanisms deserve further studies. Our results also highlight useful assessing potential risks.
Language: Английский
Citations
477
Particle and Fibre Toxicology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(1)
Published: June 8, 2020
Given the global abundance and environmental persistence, exposure of humans (aquatic) animals to micro- nanoplastics is unavoidable. Current evidence indicates that can be taken up by aquatic organism as well mammals. Upon uptake, reach brain, although there limited information regarding number particles reaches brain potential neurotoxicity these small plastic particles.Earlier studies indicated metal metal-oxide nanoparticles, such gold (Au) titanium dioxide (TiO2) also exert a range neurotoxic effects. similarities between chemically inert metal(oxide) nanoparticles particles, this review aims provide an overview reported effects in different species vitro. The combined data, fragmentary, indicate induce oxidative stress, potentially resulting cellular damage increased vulnerability develop neuronal disorders. Additionally, result inhibition acetylcholinesterase activity altered neurotransmitter levels, which both may contribute behavioral changes.Currently, systematic comparison particle types, shapes, sizes at concentrations durations lacking, but urgently needed further elucidate hazard risk nanoplastics.
Language: Английский
Citations
476