Metformin as an Emerging Pollutant in the Aquatic Environment: Occurrence, Analysis, and Toxicity

Toxics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 483 - 483

Published: July 2, 2024

The use of human and veterinary drugs has led to the accumulation pharmaceuticals in various aquatic environments at progressively increasing levels, exhibiting strong ecological risks. Metformin is widely used as a first-line prescription drug for treatment type 2 diabetes mellitus well livestock drug. Unlike other drugs, metformin not metabolized body, almost all its intake excreted released into environment via urine feces, causing adverse effects on ecosystems. This review provides an overview occurrence detection toxic different organisms (fish, daphnia, rotifers, chlorella). been documented variety aqueous such wastewater, surface water, groundwater drinking water. wide distribution calls development more accurate methods. paper reviews methods evaluates their advantages disadvantages. Toxicity studies have shown that can cause reactions fish, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, disruption intestinal flora, morphological alterations; it also affects growth reproduction small organisms. Knowledge gaps field research were assessed, future priorities identified.

Language: Английский

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Photocatalytic degradation of Metformin using TiO2-CuO heterojunctions synthesized by green chemistry and immobilized on beach sand granules in fluidized bed annular photoreactor (FBAP)

Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 113576 - 113576

Published: July 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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Transcriptome-Guided Characterization of the Environmental Toxicity of Metformin: Disruption of Energy Homeostasis and Inhibition of Embryonic Development of Zebrafish at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

Metformin has been widely detected in aquatic ecosystems, yet the knowledge of its impact on organisms, particularly at environmentally relevant concentrations, remains limited. In present study, we characterized developmental toxicity metformin zebrafish, utilizing a transcriptome-guided toxicological assessment framework. Transcriptomic analysis conducted concentrations within μg/L range revealed significant disruptions biological processes associated with nucleotide, hydrocarbon, and amino acid metabolism, suggesting disturbance energy homeostasis. This observation was corroborated by energy-targeted metabolomic analysis, wherein considerable number metabolites involved purine pyrimidine citrate cycle displayed alterations. Notably, most intermediates such as acetyl-CoA exhibited remarkable decreases. Additionally, our study identified impediments zebrafish embryonic development, including decreased yolk extension progress, spontaneous contraction body length, increased sac area yolk/while lipid content ratio, low 0.12 μg/L. Furthermore, disruption homeostasis observed to persist into adulthood even after prolonged recovery period. The findings highlighted disruptive effects development teleost thereby prompting reevaluation environmental risk nontarget organisms.

Language: Английский

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Emerging and Persistent Contaminants in a Remote Coastal Stream System: Five Priority Compounds in Southeast Asia

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 581 - 581

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

This study is a preliminary assessment of the emerging and persistent contaminants (EPCs) in ecologically sensitive Kamphuan Stream Southern Thailand. The analysis 15 compounds revealed that EPC concentrations below main community were significantly elevated during rainy season, with highest levels found for sucralose (9070 ng/L), metformin (6250 fexofenadine (5110 gabapentin (3060 ng/L). These spatiotemporal patterns highlight episodic nature contamination driven by urban stormwater runoff, where rainfall events create temporary pathways transport EPCs to streams draining into coastal ecosystems. Maximum three pharmaceuticals (diclofenac, gemfibrozil, ibuprofen), as well sucralose, caffeine, fenobucarb, exceeded general predicted no-effect (PNECs) marine or fresh waters; however, these not persistent. Limited sampling across campaigns constrained ability fully characterize dynamics this issue through statistical inference. Furthermore, risk assessments absence locally derived PNECs tropical ecosystems organisms, along limited standardization PNEC determination methodologies, making definitive conclusions challenging. A comparative five priority metformin, naproxen, fluoxetine) against existing data from East Southeast Asia underscores need further research evaluate ecological risks posed diverse rivers streams. Future studies should focus on greatest importance, investigate their transformation products, identify sources pathways, assess environmental aquatic

Language: Английский

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Mitigating the environmental effects of healthcare: the role of the endocrinologist

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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