Environmental Science and Pollution Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
31(14), P. 20970 - 20982
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
Amide
herbicides
have
been
extensively
used
worldwide
and
received
substantial
attention
due
to
their
adverse
environmental
effects.
Here,
a
novel
amidohydrolase
gene
was
identified
from
soil
metagenomic
library
using
diethyl
terephthalate
(DET)
as
screening
substrate.
The
recombinant
enzyme,
AmiH52,
heterologously
expressed
in
Escherichia
coli
later
purified
characterized,
with
the
highest
activity
occurring
at
40
℃
pH
8.0.
AmiH52
demonstrated
both
esterase
activities,
which
exhibited
highly
specific
for
p-nitrophenyl
butyrate
(2669
U/mg)
degrading
against
several
amide
herbicides.
In
particular,
it
displayed
strongest
propanil,
high
degradation
rate
of
84%
8
h.
A
GC-MS
analysis
revealed
that
propanil
transformed
into
3,4-dichloroaniline
(3,4-DCA)
during
this
degradation.
molecular
interactions
binding
stability
were
then
analyzed
by
docking
dynamics
simulation,
key
amino
acid
residues,
including
Tyr164,
Trp66,
Ala59,
Val283,
Arg58,
His33,
His191,
His226,
are
involved
propanil.
This
study
provides
function-driven
method
herbicide
hydrolase
libraries
promising
propanil-degrading
enzyme
(AmiH52)
potential
applications
remediation.
Agricultural Water Management,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
282, P. 108291 - 108291
Published: March 23, 2023
Grey
water
footprint
(GWF)
is
one
component
of
(WF).
It
considers
multiple
pollutants
and
quality
regulations
when
determining
the
amount
freshwater
required
to
assimilate
pollution
load
discharged
by
agricultural
production
into
receiving
body.
This
indicator
typically
estimated
for
accounting
WF
productions
including
paddy
rice.
study
evaluates
GWF
irrigated
rice
(IPR)
through
sampling
in
both
inflow
drainage
a
pilot
area,
simultaneously.
aims
find
realistic
range
IPR
emphasize
impacts
pollutants,
(Cmax),
(Qin)
variations.
For
this
purpose,
an
isolated
subsurface
drained
farm
northern
Iran
was
chosen
as
area
where
32
samples
from
outflow
were
taken
during
cultivation
period
(94
days).
Here,
concentrations
electro-conductivity
(EC),
dissolved
oxygen
(DO),
chemical
oxidation
demand
(COD),
nitrate
(NO3),
total
kjeldahl
nitrogen
(TKN),
phosphorous
(TP),
(TN),
butachlor
herbicide,
well
irrigation
volume
investigated.
Cmax
examined
three
regulation
scenarios:
strict
(S1),
normal
(S2),
lenient
(S3).
In
addition,
Qin
measured
methods
balance
SCD-USDA.
Results
show
that
TP
most
critical
(S1-S2),
while
DO
can
be
alternative
parameter
S3.
Based
on
calculations,
ultimately
varied
between
1109
8079
m3/ton
all
scenarios.
incorporated
significant
share
its
ratio
46%
86%.
showed
relatively
higher
comparing
with
precise
calculation
Qin.
Moreover,
calculating
net
loads
field
recommended
accuracy.
As
result,
introduced
instead
absolute
value
updated
further
case
studies.
Emerging contaminants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(3), P. 100313 - 100313
Published: Feb. 23, 2024
Excessive
heavy
metal
concentrations
in
water
can
pose
a
threat
to
human
health.
The
research
analyzed
160
groundwater
samples
used
for
hygiene
and
sanitation,
of
which
62
were
consumption,
98
other
types
drinking
analyzed.
findings
indicate
that
6%
sanitation
13%
(7.8%
groundwater,
5.2%
refill
water)
deemed
unfit
use
due
elevated
certain
metals
surpassing
the
maximum
limits.
As,
Cd,
Co,
Hg,
Mn,
Pb
detected
several
unsuitable
consumption.
Several
suspected
originate
from
natural
sources
are
Fe,
Zn,
while
Pb,
Co
have
anthropogenic
sources.
Only
arsenic
exposure
through
ingestion
pathway
posed
non-carcinogenic
health
risk
local
population.
Children
found
be
more
susceptible
than
adult
males
females.
estimated
average
levels
based
on
>
well
rainwater
spring
water.
Therefore,
it
is
essential
monitor
raw
at
depots
study
area
implement
policies
related
quality
sources,
technology
maintenance
processes,
processed
depots.
Additionally,
community
should
educated
about
household-scale
treatment
minimize
risks
consider
using
untreated
