Linking animal behavior to ecosystem change in disturbed environments

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: July 14, 2022

Environmental disturbances often cause individuals to change their behavior. The behavioral responses can induce a chain of reactions through the network species interactions, via consumptive and trait mediated connections. Given that interactions define ecosystem structure functioning, changes these have ecological repercussions. Here, we explore transmission how influence conditions. We describe underlying mechanisms ultimate impact on including biodiversity ecosystems stability services. explain why some larger than others ecosystems, research should focus interactions. With work, synthesize existing theory empirical evidence provide conceptual framework links behavior altered community dynamics, processes. Considering link deeper understanding causes consequences improve our knowledge pathways which human activities alter ecosystems. This ability predict effects ongoing communities decide interventions needed mitigate negative effects.

Language: Английский

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Long-term effects of noise pollution on the avian dawn chorus: a natural experiment facilitated by the closure of an international airport

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 289(1982)

Published: Sept. 13, 2022

The impacts of noise pollution on birdsong have been extensively investigated but potential long-term effects are neglected. Near airports, where levels particularly high, birds start singing earlier in the morning, probably to gain more time uninterrupted before air traffic sets in. In a previous study, we documented this phenomenon vicinity Berlin Tegel airport. 2020, airport closed down, giving us opportunity investigate after removal and insight into mechanisms underlying advancement dawn singing. We found that several species at shifted their song onset back closure now had similar schedules conspecifics control site. Some species, however, still sang near While first suggests plastic adaptation, latter selection for early males areas with long-lasting pollution. Our findings indicate uniform behavioural response anthropogenic change community can be based diverging evolutionary mechanisms. Overall, show animal behaviour may not lead immediate recovery some species.

Language: Английский

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Light pollution in complex ecological systems

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 378(1892)

Published: Oct. 29, 2023

Light pollution has emerged as a burgeoning area of scientific interest, receiving increasing attention in recent years. The resulting body literature revealed diverse array species-specific and context-dependent responses to artificial light at night (ALAN). Because predicting generalizing community-level effects is difficult, our current comprehension the ecological impacts on complex systems remains notably limited. It critical better understand ALAN's higher levels organization order comprehend mitigate repercussions ALAN ecosystem functioning stability amidst ongoing global change. This theme issue seeks explore systems, by bridging various realms scaling up from individual processes functions communities networks. Through this integrated approach, collection aims shed intricate interplay between pollution, dynamics humans world increasingly impacted anthropogenic lighting. article part 'Light systems'.

Language: Английский

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Artificial light at night reverses monthly foraging pattern under simulated moonlight

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(7)

Published: July 1, 2022

Mounting evidence shows that artificial light at night (ALAN) alters biological processes across levels of organization, from cells to communities. Yet, the combined impacts ALAN and natural sources night-time illumination remain little explored. This is in part due lack accurate simulations complex changes moonlight intensity, timing spectra throughout a single lunar cycles laboratory experiments. We custom-built novel system simulate patterns test how different intensities affect predator–prey relationships over full cycle. Exposure high intensity (10 50 lx) reversed lunar-guided foraging pattern by gastropod mesopredator Nucella lapillus on its prey Semibalanus balanoides . Foraging decreased during brighter naturally lit conditions. When exposed ALAN, increased with moonlight. Low (0.1 0.5 had no impact foraging. Our results show guided brightness. ecosystems can depend cycles. Accurate cycle will warrant more realistic insights into also facilitate advances fundamental ecology chronobiology.

Language: Английский

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Artificial light impacts the mate success of female fireflies

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Anthropogenic light pollution is a novel environmental disruption that affects the movement, foraging and mating behaviour of nocturnal animals. Most these effects are sublethal, their net impact on reproductive fitness population persistence often extrapolated from behavioural data. Without dedicated tracking wild individuals, however, it impossible to predict whether populations in light-polluted habitats will decline or, instead, move shaded refuges. To disentangle conflicting possibilities, we investigated how artificial movement North American Photinus , genus bioluminescent fireflies known experience courtship failure under light. The degree which reduced mate success depended intensity treatment, its context, temporal niche species question. In laboratory, direct exposure completely prevented semi-nocturnal obscurellus . field, had little or local pyralis marginellus but strongly influenced location greeni ; all three relatively crepuscular. Our nuanced results suggest greater appreciation diversity help insect conservationists dark sky advocates better target efforts protect at-risk species.

Language: Английский

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Skyglow facilitates prey detection in a crepuscular insectivore: distant light sources create bright skies

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 125821 - 125821

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Endocrine responses to environmental variation

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 379(1898)

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Hormones regulate most physiological functions and life history from embryonic development to reproduction. In addition their roles in growth development, hormones also mediate responses the abiotic, social nutritional environments. Hormone signalling is responsive environmental changes adjust phenotypes prevailing conditions. Both hormone levels receptor densities can change provide a flexible system of regulation. Endocrine flexibility connects environment organismal function, it central understanding impacts effect on individuals populations. may act as 'sensor' link signals epigenetic processes thereby phenotypic plasticity within across generations. Many parameters are now changing unprecedented ways result human activity. The knowledge base organism-environmental interactions was established environments that differ many current conditions ongoing impacts. It an urgent contemporary challenge understand how evolved endocrine will modulate response anthropogenic including climate change, light-at-night chemical pollution. play role ecology, integration into conservation lead more effective outcomes. This article part theme issue 'Endocrine variation: conceptual approaches recent developments'.

Language: Английский

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Interactive effects of anthropogenic environmental drivers on endocrine responses in wildlife

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 556, P. 111737 - 111737

Published: Aug. 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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Cognition mediates response to anthropogenic noise in wild Western Australian magpies (Gmynorhina tibicen dorsalis)

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(24), P. 6912 - 6930

Published: Oct. 17, 2023

Anthropogenic noise is a pollutant of growing concern, with wide-ranging effects on taxa across ecosystems. Until recently, studies investigating the anthropogenic animals focused primarily population-level consequences, rather than individual-level impacts. Individual variation in response to may result from extrinsic or intrinsic factors. One such factor, cognitive performance, varies between individuals and hypothesised aid behavioural novel stressors. Here, we combine testing, focals playback experiments investigate how affects behaviour anti-predator Western Australian magpies (Gymnorhina tibicen dorsalis), determine whether this linked performance. We found significant effect foraging effort, efficiency, vigilance, vocalisation rate magpies, birds decreasing their foraging, behaviours response, increasing vigilance when loud was present. also that varied playbacks depending performed better an associative learning task maintaining alarm call played noise. Our results add body literature documenting adverse wildlife provide first evidence for association individual performance responses

Language: Английский

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) pollution alters bat lunar chronobiology: insights from broad-scale long-term acoustic monitoring

Ecological Processes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Abstract Background The timing of behavior and habitat use nocturnal animals can be influenced by the lunar cycle in nature. prevalence artificial light at night (ALAN) has been recognized as a source environmental pollution. interaction between ALAN on bat is important for understanding anthropogenic effects bats. We utilized decade (2012–2022) acoustic monitoring data collected North Carolina, United States, to investigate relationship activity, cycle, examined whether amount illumination affected species-specific nightly activity hourly patterns varied nights with different moon phases. further investigated if might altered Results found that seven species showed variation across relation when was absent. In general, bats were less active full compared new nights. Light pollution interacted bat–lunar five species, masking effect cycle. identified delayed or waxing pattern four species. Overall, associated decreased independent effects. Conclusions Our study demonstrated broad spatial scale, negatively many American temperate their chronobiology. As spreading historically dark areas habitats, couple other threats, such white-nose syndrome climate change, cause cascading damage environment depends ecosystem services pest control provided argue research conservation actions are needed mitigate impact

Language: Английский

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