Virus Detection in Influent, Activated Sludge, and Effluent from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants Using Composite and Grab Samples

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Adenovirus F41 infection and liver cytolysis in adult hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(7)

Published: June 30, 2023

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) of the F species are commonly responsible for acute gastroenteritis. A few cases systemic infections have been described in adults or children who received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), but with no report liver cytolysis. Since January 2022, several countries reported an increase hepatitis unknown cause children. Adenovirus type 41 (HAdV-F41) infection was predominantly identified. The objective this study is to describe HAdV-F41 diagnosed since 2022 adult HSCT recipients two French hospitals. All four patients had diarrhea and cytolysis at time diagnosis infection. HAdV viremia observed three (#1, #3, #4), disseminated disease reported. whole genome sequencing metagenomics characterization were performed on stool blood samples. complete sequence obtained phylogenetic analysis showed that strains consisted similar lineage (2b). We did not identify any new strains. Metagenomics found adeno-associated virus 2 torque-teno patient #1 Epstein-Barr #4. This first case series reporting during patients.

Language: Английский

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Acute hepatitis of unknown origin in children: analysis of probable etiologies

CHILD`S HEALTH, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 312 - 322

Published: July 14, 2023

Background. An outbreak of hepatitis unknown origin in children aged 1 month — 16 years was first reported by the WHO April 2022. It accompanied a high frequency acute liver failure, and up to 5 % required transplantation. The purpose review determine probable etiological factors mechanisms based on systematic analysis literary sources. Materials methods. We conducted search for studies cases or case series PubMed between January 2022 February 2023. A combination following terms used search: “unknown hepatitis”, “hepatitis origin”, “non-A-E etiology” “children”. Results. According results, 312 publications were found. After selection, 14 included review. 1,188 origin, which corresponded identified case, showed variability causative agents. However, most tested positive adenovirus (almost 57 %), had PCR SARS-CoV-2. Among other viruses detected children, herpes family should be noted, especially human herpesvirus 7 (34.2 6 (20 Epstein-Barr virus (18.2 cytomegalovirus (9.2 %). Rhinovirus (40.7 enterovirus/rhinovirus (28.7 parainfluenza (15.4 streptococcal infection, pathogens also Conclusions. Viruses, genetic predisposition that change body’s immune response play an important role development severe hepatitis. Systematic has shown often acts as helper adeno-associated 2, plays major initiating genetically predisposed individuals, causing failure. SARS-CoV-2 infection probably certain activation hyperinflammation, do act helpers 2. Continued collection detailed clinical, microbiological, epidemiological data cases, well well-planned coordinated follow-up are necessary identify risk associated with this disease.

Language: Английский

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‘One Health’ Genomic Surveillance of Avian and Human Influenza A Viruses Through Environmental Wastewater Monitoring

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 13, 2023

Abstract Background Influenza A viruses (IAV) are significant pathogens of humans and other animals. Although endemic in birds, novel IAV strains can emerge, jump species, cause epidemics, like the latest variant H5N1. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has very recently been shown to detect human but whether it avian-origin IAV, if whole genome sequencing (WGS) be used discriminate circulating wastewater remains unknown. Methods Using a pan-IAV RT-qPCR assay, six treatment works (WWTWs) across Northern Ireland (NI), were screened from August December 2022. WGS approach using Oxford Nanopore technology was employed sequence positive samples. Phylogenetic analysis sequences relative currently avian IAVs performed. Findings We detected dynamic signal September 2022 onwards NI. “Meta” generated displaying homology both strains. The proportion versus reads differed time sample site. diversity subtypes lineages (e.g. H1N1, H3N2, several avian). Avian segment 8 related those found recent H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b identified. Interpretation WBE affords means monitor provide crucial genetic information. As such rapid, cost-effective, year-round “one-health” surveillance help control epidemic pandemic threats. Funding This study funded by Department Health for as part Wastewater Surveillance Programme. Highlights Dynamic Nanopore-based reveals presence wastewater. similarity gull-associated H13/H16 isolates. Co-detection distinct clades H1N1 H3N2 subtypes. Author Summary virus is major pathogen animals causes regular epidemics devastating pandemics. Recently, highly-pathogenic influenza emerged spreading world killing millions birds infecting mammals, enhancing its potential. Strengthening global systems animal thus priority. applied track SARS-CoV-2 this could work not known. Here, we develop method survey levels genetically characterise viruses. Through highlight co-detection wastewater, with Our demonstrates potential defend against only infections emerging, zoonotic Graphical

Language: Английский

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