Earth at risk: An urgent call to end the age of destruction and forge a just and sustainable future

PNAS Nexus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(4)

Published: March 28, 2024

Human development has ushered in an era of converging crises: climate change, ecological destruction, disease, pollution, and socioeconomic inequality. This review synthesizes the breadth these interwoven emergencies underscores urgent need for comprehensive, integrated action. Propelled by imperialism, extractive capitalism, a surging population, we are speeding past Earth's material limits, destroying critical ecosystems, triggering irreversible changes biophysical systems that underpin Holocene climatic stability which fostered human civilization. The consequences actions disproportionately borne vulnerable populations, further entrenching global inequities. Marine terrestrial biomes face tipping points, while escalating challenges to food water access foreshadow bleak outlook security. Against this backdrop Earth at risk, call response centered on decarbonization, fostering reciprocity with nature, implementing regenerative practices natural resource management. We elimination detrimental subsidies, promotion equitable development, transformative financial support lower income nations. A paradigm shift must occur replaces exploitative, wealth-oriented capitalism economic model prioritizes sustainability, resilience, justice. advocate cultural elevates kinship nature communal well-being, underpinned recognition finite resources interconnectedness its inhabitants. imperative is clear: navigate away from precipice, collectively harness political will, resources, societal values steer toward future where progress does not come cost integrity social equity.

Language: Английский

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Rapid intensification of tropical cyclones in the Gulf of Mexico is more likely during marine heatwaves

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Tropical cyclones can rapidly intensify under favorable oceanic and atmospheric conditions. This phenomenon is complex difficult to predict, making it a serious challenge for coastal communities. A key contributing factor the intensification process presence of prolonged high sea surface temperatures, also known as marine heatwaves. However, extent which heatwaves contribute potential rapid events not yet fully explored. Here, we conduct probabilistic analysis assess how likelihood changes during in Gulf Mexico northwestern Caribbean Sea. Approximately 70% hurricanes that formed between 1950 2022 were influenced by Notably, is, on average, 50% more likely As are increase due climate change, our findings indicate frequent be expected warming climate. Prolonged periods temperatures substantially probability tropical Sea, according analysis.

Language: Английский

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Long-term trends and extreme events of marine heatwaves in the Eastern China Marginal Seas during summer

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 12, 2024

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are a type of widespread, persistent, and extreme marine warming event that can cause serious harm to the global ecology economy. This study provides systematic analysis long-term trends MHWs in Eastern China Marginal Seas (ECMS) during summer spanning from 1982 2022, occurrence mechanisms MHW events. The findings show context warming, frequency ECMS has increased across most regions, with higher rate along coast China. Areas exhibiting rapid surge duration predominantly reside southern Yellow Sea (SYS) East (ECS, south 28°N). In contrast, mean maximum intensities exhibit both increases decreases: Rising primarily occur Bohai (BS) (YS), whereas descending detected northern ECS (north Influenced jointly by intensity, cumulative intensity (CumInt) exhibits notable positive growth off Yangtze River Estuary, SYS ECS. By employing empirical orthogonal function, spatio-temporal features first two modes CumInt their correlation sea surface temperature (SST) SST variance further examined. mode displays anomalous pattern throughout ECMS, upward trend corresponding time series, rising is influenced warming. Moreover, interannual variability. Extreme events 2016 2018 examined using mixed layer equation. results suggest these originate atmospheric forcing oceanic vertical mixing. These processes involve an high-pressure system over splitting western Pacific subtropical high, augmented stability, diminished wind speeds, intensified solar radiation, reduced mixing, thereby leading accumulation more heat near forming

Language: Английский

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Assessment of GHRSST and OISST Datasets in Identification of Marine Heat-Waves and Heat-Spikes

IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21, P. 1 - 5

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This study assesses the performance of two satellite-derived products, viz. Group High-Resolution Sea-Surface Temperature (GHRSST) and Optimum Interpolation (OISST), in detecting Marine Heat-Waves (MHWs) Heat-Spikes (MHSs) after a detailed validation with in-situ instruments Bay Bengal (BoB). A significantly good correlation low Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE) between GHRSST (OISST) Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis Prediction buoy at 15°N 90°E (RM15) were found to be 0.97 (0.96) 0.30 (0.35)°C respectively. In comparison three near-coast Wave-Rider-Buoys, shows limited ability reproduce daily temperature variability RMSEs ranging from 0.61°C-1.07°C (0.51°C-1.08°C), captures signals below 1-2 month periodicity better than OISST, however, both products efficiently capture low-frequency (> 4 months). Finally, regarding number MHW counts duration, (36 382 days) OISST (33 294 overestimate these quantities w.r.t. RM15 (25 287 days). results having higher duration per event (11.48 (10.61 (8.91 exhibited its highest (duration) 7 (82 during 2020 (2010), whereas showed only 3 (55 (2010). Moreover, mean intensities SSTs (0.86°C) are comparable (0.87°C). Therefore, our suggests that suitable characteristics open-ocean region BoB, but their use coastal regions should judiciously done.

Language: Английский

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Projected marine heatwaves over the Mediterranean Sea and the network of marine protected areas: a three-dimensional assessment

Climatic Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 178(2)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Abstract Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are periods of abnormally warm ocean temperatures that exert significant impacts on marine ecosystems. MHWs commonly identified as when temperature conditions surpass predetermined thermal thresholds. Although they can propagate beneath the ocean’s surface, typically assessed using sea surface temperatures. In this study, we investigate future progression and depth penetration across Mediterranean Sea existing network Protected Areas (MPAs). We utilize daily three-dimensional seawater projections from POLCOMS-ERSEM model for period 2006–2100 to 2000 m under RCP8.5 forcing scenario, explore spatio-temporal properties MHWs. employ two different baseline climatological establishing thresholds based which identified: one remains constant, while other is adjusted in time reflect evolving adaptive capacities ecosystems response long-term warming trends. Our analysis reveals that, regardless threshold applied, MPAs will experience long-lasting intense depths. While utilization a shifting results shorter milder shallow within (i.e. annual duration: 45 days per year mean intensity: 1.63 °C) compared fixed approach 195 1.89 °C), deeper zones exhibit saturation MHWs, with year-round events, particularly below 1000 m, both approaches. findings highlight profound into ocean's depths, posing serious threat protected Mediterranean, especially subsurface environments. Notably, our suggest expected demonstrate similar patterns those observed entire basin. are, thus, anticipated face equivalent challenges MHW impacts, affecting their biodiversity various

Language: Английский

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Trends and variability of marine heatwaves in Portuguese coastal waters

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 973, P. 179161 - 179161

Published: March 20, 2025

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) represent a significant threat to marine ecosystems, particularly in vital fisheries regions such as the Portuguese coast. Understanding MHW dynamics at finer spatial scale is essential for comprehending their impacts on ecosystems. This study addresses this gap by analyzing historical events from 1982 2023 and projecting future scenarios based different greenhouse gas emission pathways. The primary objective characterize spatiotemporal patterns of MHWs along coast understand temporal evolution. Using sea surface temperature (SST) data, metrics were analyzed across various coastal regions. Future projections, utilizing Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) 245 SSP 585, assessed changes frequency, duration, intensity near (2024-2060) far (2061-2100). Results indicate no differences average annual among areas, but variations observed. progression often more than twice fast slopes southern areas compared west shelf. Record-breaking consistent with global trends, highlighting positive linear correlation between warming increased metrics. Projections under 585 2.5 4.5-fold increase number events, lasting 1 3 months, nearly year-round conditions 2100, reaching peak intensities 10.7 °C. These findings highlight need climate action mitigate intensified research provides foundational insights into coast, laying groundwork studies implications change environments.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Marine Heatwaves on Carcinus maenas Crabs: Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Thermal Stress Resilience

Marine Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107126 - 107126

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Northeast Pacific marine heatwaves link climate modes in a coupled model simulation

Journal of Oceanography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Global warming drives a threefold increase in persistence and 1 ^° C rise in intensity of marine heatwaves

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(16)

Published: April 14, 2025

Marine heatwaves are extreme climatic events consisting of persistent periods warm ocean waters that have profound impacts on marine life. These episodes becoming more intense, longer, and frequent in response to anthropogenic global warming. Here, we provide a comprehensive quantitative assessment the role warming heatwaves. To do so, construct counterfactual version observed sea surface temperatures since 1940, corresponding stationary climate without effect long-term increasing temperatures, use it calculate contribution air temperature rise intensity persistence We determine is responsible for nearly half these that, average, has led three-fold increase number days per year oceans experience heat conditions. also show an 1 ° C maximum events. Our findings highlight detrimental human-induced plays This study supports need mitigation adaptation strategies address threats ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Modulation of marine heatwaves by salinity effect in the Northeast Pacific Ocean in 2013–2014

Acta Oceanologica Sinica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Language: Английский

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