The
majority
of
the
world
populations
continue
to
be
exposed
nitrate
through
food
(leafy
vegetables)
that
are
major
source
dietary
intake.
High
levels
contents
in
vegetables
have
been
a
significant
health
issue
all
over
world.
However,
limited
information
is
available
on
dynamics
water-substrate-plant
system
and
its
distribution
edible
organs.
In
our
study,
uptake
accumulation
(roots,
stem,
aerial
fraction
leaves)
chard
spinach
were
evaluated
under
greenhouse
conditions
with
optimal
fertilization
(in
triplicate).
Results
showed
low
leachates
substrates
(chard
˃
spinach).
Higher
concentrations
root
zone
(spinach)
correlated
higher
rate
fraction,
leaves
compared
(p
<
0.0001).
concentration
exceeded
3-fold
international
regulation
(3500
mg
NO3-
kg-1).
acceptable
daily
intake
(ADI)
value
was
almost
age
groups
(except
13–19
years).
group
(1–2
years)
EDI
(7.87
kg-1)
two
times
than
ADI.
This
study
shows
leafy
accumulate
(spinach
chard)
from
nutrient
solution,
posing
plausible
human
risk
different
group.
Production
systems
appropriate
programs
for
each
crop
type
should
promoted
reduce
input
into
cropping
systems.
Horticulturae,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(10), P. 1121 - 1121
Published: Oct. 10, 2023
Zinc
is
an
essential
element
for
plant
nutrition,
but
it
may
cause
toxicity
depending
on
its
bioavailability
and
potential
transformation
in
soil.
In
vineyard
soils,
high
concentrations
of
Zn
are
usually
found,
mainly
due
to
agricultural
practices.
However,
a
great
abandonment
vineyards
has
recently
occurred,
leading
changes
the
total
bioavailable
concentrations,
as
well
fractionation.
We
analyzed
(total,
ZnT,
bioavailable,
ZnED)
fractionation
soil
three
paired
sites
(PM,
PT,
AR)
up
depths
50
cm
active
adjacent
abandoned
that
were
already
transformed
into
forests.
The
ZnT
averaged
at
210
mg
kg−1
among
all
studied
vineyards.
results
showed
vertical
pattern
after
PM
PT
sites,
while
AR
site,
no
variation
occurred.
ZnED
(mean
values
=
7
kg−1)
decreased
uppermost
surface
layers,
increased
top
10
reaching
60
kg−1.
Regarding
vineyards,
residual
fraction
(ZnR)
was
most
abundant,
followed
by
bound
crystalline
Fe
Al
oxy-hydroxides
(ZnC)
organic
matter
(ZnOM).
After
abandonment,
ZnR
slightly
ZnC
depths,
ZnOM
noticeable
site.
These
suggest
provided
during
afforestation
play
important
role
mobilization,
humification
degree
chemical
stability.
mobilization
could
result
positive
nutrient
supply
plants,
caution
must
be
taken,
since
excess
long-term
This
study
aimed
to
assess
the
mobility
of
toxic
metals
in
Zn-
and
Cu-bentonite
using
Bureau
Commun
de
Référence
(BCR)
sequential
extraction
procedure.
The
objectives
included
determining
total
potentially
metal
concentrations
their
distribution
among
chemical
fractions
as
well
investigating
relationship
between
concentrations,
bentonite
properties,
unfrozen
water
content,
fractions.
Tests
were
conducted
on
American
(SWy-3,
Stx-1b)
Slovak
(BSvk)
samples
Zn
or
Cu
ion-exchange.
elemental
content
was
analyzed
inductively
coupled
plasma
optical
emission
spectrometry
(ICP-OES),
whereas
studied
nuclear
magnetic
resonance
(1H-NMR)
differential
calorimetry
Differential
Scanning
Calorimetry
(DSC).
revealed
that
main
cation
(Zn
Cu)
its
concentration
significantly
influenced
ion
mobility.
Toxic
ions
increased
decreased
residual
mobile
with
larger
mean
particle
diameters,
lower
clay
fraction
shorter
interplanar
spacing.
reversed
for
likely
accumulated
soil
pores,
immobilized
sorption
complex.
stability
bentonites
increases
increasing
specific
surface
area.
proportion
higher
therefore
highest
uncontaminated
bentonites.
suggests
at
sub-zero
temperatures,
contaminated
can
form
concentrated
solutions
these
ions,
negatively
impacting
soil-water
environment,
particularly
cold
regions.
The
majority
of
the
world
populations
continue
to
be
exposed
nitrate
through
food
(leafy
vegetables)
that
are
major
source
dietary
intake.
High
levels
contents
in
vegetables
have
been
a
significant
health
issue
all
over
world.
However,
limited
information
is
available
on
dynamics
water-substrate-plant
system
and
its
distribution
edible
organs.
In
our
study,
uptake
accumulation
(roots,
stem,
aerial
fraction
leaves)
chard
spinach
were
evaluated
under
greenhouse
conditions
with
optimal
fertilization
(in
triplicate).
Results
showed
low
leachates
substrates
(chard
˃
spinach).
Higher
concentrations
root
zone
(spinach)
correlated
higher
rate
fraction,
leaves
compared
(p
<
0.0001).
concentration
exceeded
3-fold
international
regulation
(3500
mg
NO3-
kg-1).
acceptable
daily
intake
(ADI)
value
was
almost
age
groups
(except
13–19
years).
group
(1–2
years)
EDI
(7.87
kg-1)
two
times
than
ADI.
This
study
shows
leafy
accumulate
(spinach
chard)
from
nutrient
solution,
posing
plausible
human
risk
different
group.
Production
systems
appropriate
programs
for
each
crop
type
should
promoted
reduce
input
into
cropping
systems.
