What is Needed to Maintain Altitude in Mountain Landscapes - a Fuzzy Cognitive Model Approach DOI
Catarina Esgalhado, Teresa Pinto‐Correia, Stefano Targetti

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Similarly to other European mountain areas, in Serra da Estrela the grazing pressure has been reducing due social and economic drivers that have pushed shepherds sheep foothill, or plainly out of sector. Shrub encroachment on commons previously grazed land is one most tangible effects pastoral abandonment de Estrela. The impacts resulting increase landscape continuity biomass availability were made clear severe fires 2017 2022. As fire risk likely with climate change, it becomes urgent understand what strategies can be deployed keep fragmentation these landscapes. Key actors such as should involved this discussion their perceptions, points view reasons for abandoning upland pastures. In study, we use fuzzy cognitive mapping identify key variables mechanisms affecting system according local shepherds. our developed stakeholders a framework outlining system. Based that, carried collecting 14 questionnaires. We found shepherds’ income central issue, but highly dependent many factors. Increasing Common Agricultural Policy payments alone not enough incentivise More targeted strategies, more support shrub clearing, direct conditional transhumance are impactful. Despite contentious discourse between conservation shepherding values Estrela, find shepherd’s aligned biodiversity minimizing through woody fuel management. This opens up possibilities new governance put Estrela's social, environmental cultural at its core.

Language: Английский

A global outlook on increasing wildfire risk: Current policy situation and future pathways DOI Creative Commons
Pooja Pandey,

Gabriela Huidobro,

Luís Filipe Lopes

et al.

Trees Forests and People, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 100431 - 100431

Published: Sept. 4, 2023

to understand how wildfire risk policies are designed mitigate1 the impacts of wildfires. Wildfires a growing threat in many parts world, posing significant risks human life, and environment. In recent years, wildfires have increased, driven largely by climate change, activity, changes land-use patterns. Wildfire adaptation mitigation measures vary widely between countries regions around world. Therefore, it is essential develop comprehensive policy approach mitigate promote sustainable forest land management practices. This article aims provide insight into policies, implementation actions, their effectiveness describing centered mainly on exclusion mitigation. examines existing wildfire-related relevant literature based 10 systematic factors. Further exploring these can be enhanced meet challenges coming years for six European (Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, UK) as well Australia, Canada, USA, South Africa. The status quo, perceived strengths, weaknesses, recommendations from key-informants were presented enhance each country. analyses current fire-prone countries, highlighting regional variations need an integrated strategy. It offers country-specific participants viewpoints, coordinated efforts management.

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Mapping the probability of forest fire hazard across the European Alps under climate change scenarios DOI Creative Commons

Kilian Gerberding,

Uta Schirpke

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 377, P. 124600 - 124600

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Forest fires are increasing in frequency and intensity worldwide due to the anthropogenic climate change, threatening people's lives causing huge economic environmental damages. Recent forest fire events suggest that also an urgent issue European Alps, but studies assessing hazard under future scenarios still rare. Thus, this study aims analyse impacts of change on probability across Alps surrounding areas. In specific, we (1) explain current based a set parameters, (2) map conditions area using geographically weighted regression. Our results mainly depends lightning strikes, annual mean temperature, precipitation seasonality. Overall, our indicate increase hazard, which is already significant SSP126 (+15.5%), while highest increases occur SSP370 (30.6%) SSP585 (35.4%). However, less pronounced fire-prone regions southwestern France, will greatly Northern Eastern regions. findings emphasize need address these climate-related challenges by decision-making management through fire-smart management. Nevertheless, further efforts needed overcome limitations related data availability uncertainties scenarios.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Integrated fire management as an adaptation and mitigation strategy to altered fire regimes DOI Creative Commons
Imma Oliveras, Núria Prat-Guitart,

Gian Luca Spadoni

et al.

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: March 15, 2025

Abstract Altered fire regimes are a global challenge, increasingly exacerbated by climate change, which modifies weather and prolongs seasons. These changing conditions heighten the vulnerability of ecosystems human populations to impacts wildfires on environment, society, economy. The rapid pace these changes exposes significant gaps in knowledge, tools, technology, governance structures needed adopt informed, holistic approaches management that address both current future challenges. Integrated Fire Management is an approach combines prevention, response, recovery while integrating ecological, socio-economic, cultural factors into strategies. However, remains highly context-dependent, encompassing wide array practices with varying degrees ecological societal integration. This review explores as adaptation mitigation strategy for altered regimes. It provides overview progress challenges associated implementing across different regions worldwide. also proposes five core objectives outlines roadmap incremental steps advancing adapt ongoing regimes, thereby maximizing its potential benefit people nature.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Governance drivers hinder and support a paradigm shift in wildfire risk management in Italy DOI Creative Commons
Judith Kirschner, Davide Ascoli,

Peter F. Moore

et al.

Regional Environmental Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Abstract Fire is a fundamental social-ecological process, but combination of changing climate, land use and values at risk increasing the incidence large wildfires with high societal biodiversity impacts. Academic practitioner understanding now converging around need to manage fire as an outcome intersecting governance regimes, comprising geohistorically defined institutions decision-making pathways shaped by earlier wildfires. We investigate this proposition through case study Italy, country greatly affected wildfire characterised strong organisational, socio-cultural geographical variation nationally. To best our knowledge, first collecting analysing qualitative data on how different national sub-national procedures interrelate promote particular management strategies, support or impede adaptive change. Participants in key agencies were consulted across seven nationally representative regions. Findings show highly fragmented institutional structure, where policy responsibilities are increasingly allocated disparate organisations variety scales. Local stakeholder participation has been displaced shift extra-local actors networks. While formally committed adopting precautionary approach risk, practice, emergency response remains default choice, result patchy uncoordinated legislation. Notably, wider international (EU) regulatory context plays muted role governing present results novel action research agenda for Italy southern Europe more generally, emphasising urgent develop new anticipatory systems closer integration cross-scale arrangements.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Coupling heat wave and wildfire occurrence across multiple ecoregions within a Eurasia longitudinal gradient DOI Creative Commons

Elia Mario,

Lafortezza Raffaele,

Onofrio Cappelluti

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 912, P. 169269 - 169269

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

Understanding the relationship between heat wave occurrence and wildfire spread represents a key priority in global change studies due to significant threats posed on natural ecosystems society. Previous have not explored spatial temporal mechanism underlying waves wildfires occurrence, especially over large geographical regions. This study seeks investigate such with focus 37 ecoregions within Eurasia longitudinal gradient. The analysis is based dataset provided by GlobFire Final Fire Event Detection meteorological ERA5-land from Copernicus Climate service. In both cases we focused 2001-2019 timeframe. By means of 12 km square grid, three metrics, i.e., density, seasonality, severity wildfires, were computed as proxy fire regime. Heat also characterized terms periods, duration, intensity for same period. Statistical tests performed evaluate different patterns area. using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) modeled varying relationships characteristics metrics. As expected, our results suggest that identified gradient differ regimes. However, did show differences among ecoregions, but more evident variability regime metrics outcome GWR allowed us identify locations (i.e., hotspot areas) where positive significant. Hence, hotspots presence can be seen driver forest steppe ecosystems. findings this could contribute comprehensive assessment region, thus supporting cross-regional prevention strategies disaster risk mitigation.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Real-Time Detection of Smoke and Fire in the Wild Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing Imagery DOI Open Access
Xijian Fan,

Fan Lei,

Kun Yang

et al.

Forests, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 201 - 201

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Detecting wildfires and smoke is essential for safeguarding forest ecosystems offers critical information the early evaluation prevention of such incidents. The advancement unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing has further enhanced detection smoke, which enables rapid accurate identification. This paper presents an integrated one-stage object framework designed simultaneous identification in UAV imagery. By leveraging mixed data augmentation techniques, enriches dataset with small targets to enhance its performance targets. A novel backbone enhancement strategy, integrating region convolution feature refinement modules, developed facilitate ability localize features high transparency within complex backgrounds. shape aware loss function, proposed effective capture irregularly shaped fire edges, facilitating localization smoke. Experiments conducted on a demonstrate that achieves promising terms both accuracy speed. attains mean Average Precision (mAP) 79.28%, F1 score 76.14%, processing speed 8.98 frames per second (FPS). These results reflect increases 4.27%, 1.96%, 0.16 FPS compared YOLOv10 model. Ablation studies validate incorporation augmentation, models, substantial improvements over findings highlight framework’s capability rapidly effectively identify using imagery, thereby providing valuable foundation proactive measures.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Wildfire Early Warning System Based on a Smart CO2 Sensors Network DOI Creative Commons
Alessio De Rango, Luca Furnari,

Fabio Cortale

et al.

Sensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 2012 - 2012

Published: March 23, 2025

Climate change exacerbates wildfire risks in regions like the Mediterranean, where rising temperatures and prolonged droughts create ideal fire conditions. Adapting to this scenario requires implementing advanced risk management strategies that leverage cutting-edge technologies. Wildfire early warning systems are crucial tools for detecting fires at an stage, helping prevent potential future damage. This paper proposes a smart CO2 sensor network-based system, relying on platform enables connection, management, processing of data from devices through cloud. The system was tested real controlled experiment, which 44 sensors were deployed strategically selected locations varying distances fire. To enhance detection, three Artificial Intelligence (AI) models developed using AutoEncoders (AEs) Long-Short-Term Memory (LSTM), these compared simple threshold-based (NO-AI) model. All AI models, especially LSTM-based model, able extract more valuable information records, activating up 56% than NO-AI model less time tracking front propagation based wind patterns. Therefore, not only improves detection but also effectively supports firefighting operations.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Animal Board Invited Review: A Biocultural Perspective of Animal Farming Systems in Europe DOI Creative Commons
Claudia Heindorf, Brigitte Altmann, Elsa Varela

et al.

animal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101515 - 101515

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Estimating annual GHG and particulate matter emissions from rural and forest fires based on an integrated modelling approach DOI Creative Commons
Carla Scarpa, Valentina Bacciu, Davide Ascoli

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 907, P. 167960 - 167960

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Rural and forest fires represent one of the most significant sources emissions in atmosphere trace gases aerosol particles, which significantly impact carbon budget, air quality, human health. This paper aims to illustrate an integrated modelling approach combining spatial non-spatial inputs provide enhance estimation GHG particulate matter from surface using Italy as a case study over period 2007-2017. Three main improvements characterize proposed this work: (i) collection development comprehensive accurate data related burned area; (ii) use recent on fuel type load; (iii) application estimate moisture, burning efficiency, consumption considering meteorological factors combustion phases. On average, Italy's were 2621 Gg yr-1, ranging minimum 772 yr-1 2013 maximum 7020 2007. Emissions fire disturbances broadleaf forests, shrublands, agricultural types account for about 76 % total. Results compared with global national inventories showed good agreement, especially CO2 matter. The added confidence emission estimates, results can be utilized decision support systems address quality management mitigation policies.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Sustaining altitude pastures in mountain landscapes–a fuzzy cognitive model approach DOI Creative Commons
Catarina Esgalhado, Teresa Pinto‐Correia, Stefano Targetti

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 931, P. 172930 - 172930

Published: May 1, 2024

Similarly to other European mountain areas, in Serra da Estrela the grazing pressure has been reducing due social and economic drivers that have pushed shepherds sheep foothill, or plainly out of sector. Shrub encroachment on commons previously grazed land is one most tangible effects pastoral abandonment de Estrela. The impacts resulting increase landscape continuity biomass availability were made clear severe fires 2017 2022. As fire risk likely with climate change, it becomes urgent understand what strategies can be deployed keep fragmentation these landscapes. Key actors such as should involved this discussion their perceptions, points view reasons for abandoning upland pastures. In study, we use fuzzy cognitive mapping identify key variables mechanisms affecting system according local shepherds. our developed stakeholders a framework outlining system. Based that, carried collecting 14 questionnaires. We found shepherds' income central issue, but highly dependent many factors. Increasing Common Agricultural Policy payments alone not enough incentivise More targeted strategies, more support shrub clearing, direct conditional transhumance are impactful. Despite contentious discourse between conservation shepherding values Estrela, find shepherd's aligned biodiversity potential nature-based solution minimizing through woody fuel management. This opens up possibilities new governance put Estrela's social, environmental cultural at its core.

Language: Английский

Citations

2