Comprehensive review: Effects of climate change and greenhouse gases emission relevance to environmental stress on horticultural crops and management

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 351, P. 119978 - 119978

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Global ecosystem responses to flash droughts are modulated by background climate and vegetation conditions

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Abstract Flash droughts and their physical processes have received increasing attention in recent years due to concerns about the potential of flash affect water resources ecosystems. Yet date, response ecosystems during drought events, particularly on a large scale, determinants ecosystem responses been underexplored. Here we analyse temporal variations vegetation anomalies events at global scale between 2001 2020 using observation-based leaf area index, gross primary productivity, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence data. We identify divergent terms timing intensification drought-induced stress across different regions around world. Furthermore, find that these regional differences are largely modulated by background climate conditions, rather than meteorological with being subjected more rapidly developing greater degrees arid short vegetation-dominated as compared humid forests. Our results highlight spatially heterogeneous ecological impacts droughts, implying need comprehensively integrate aspects both atmospheric bioclimatic properties monitoring forecasting systems improve our ability track evolution impacts.

Language: Английский

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Heterogeneity in vegetation recovery rates post-flash droughts across different ecosystems

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(7), P. 074028 - 074028

Published: June 7, 2024

Abstract Flash droughts, as sub-seasonal phenomena, are characterized by their rapid onset and significant impact on terrestrial ecosystems. However, understanding how vegetation responds to flash droughts the mechanisms governing recovery remains elusive. Here, we analysed response of productivity identified most relevant drivers controlling using two soil moisture datasets (ERA5-land Global Land Data Assimilation System) satellite-based proxies (gross primary productivity, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence). Our results show that South China Northeast stand out hotspots for with higher frequency speed. Notably, although in cropland is relatively low, speed very high, a median 10.9% per pentad. Most ecosystems can recover normal state within 25 d. Vegetation shallow roots, such grassland, rapidly droughts. Ecosystems generally exhibit extended time increasing plant rooting depth. The rate from mainly controlled physiology (decline upon exposure drought) modulated drought characteristics, especially severity forests grassland. This study provides valuable insights into underlying responses

Language: Английский

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Using stable isotopes to inform water resource management in forested and agricultural ecosystems

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 365, P. 121381 - 121381

Published: June 24, 2024

Present and future climatic trends are expected to markedly alter water fluxes stores in the hydrologic cycle.In addition, demand continues grow due increased human use a growing population.Sustainably managing resources requires thorough understanding of storage flow natural, agricultural, urban ecosystems.Measurements stable isotopes (hydrogen oxygen) cycle (atmosphere, soils, plants, surface water, groundwater) can provide information on transport pathways, sourcing, dynamics, ages, pools that is difficult obtain with other techniques.However, potential these techniques for practical questions has not been fully exploited yet.Here, we outline benefits limitations applications isotope methods useful managers, farmers, stakeholders.We also describe several case studies demonstrating how support management decision-making.Finally, propose workflow guides users through sequence decisions required apply examples issues.We call ongoing dialogue stronger connection between stakeholders practitioners identify most pressing issues develop best-practice guidelines techniques.

Language: Английский

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UAV‐Based Land Surface Temperatures and Vegetation Indices Explain and Predict Spatial Patterns of Soil Water Isotopes in a Tropical Dry Forest

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract The spatial variation of soil water isotopes (SWI)—representing the baseline for investigating root uptake (RWU) depths with stable isotope techniques—has rarely been investigated. Here, we use SWI depth profile sampling in combination unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based land surface temperature estimates and vegetation indices (VI) order to improving process understanding relationships between variability content patterns canopy status, represented form VI. We carried out a 10 profiles tropical dry forest. UAV data were collected analyzed obtain detailed characterization status. then performed statistical analysis VI temperatures values at different resolutions (3 cm–5 m). Best used generating isoscapes entire study area. Results suggest that are strongly mediated by parameters (VI). Various correlate across all depths. depend on ( R 2 0.66 δ 18 O 0.64 H). Strongest overall correlations found resolution 0.5 m. speculate this might be ideal spatially characterizing investigate RWU forest environments. Supporting analyses UAV‐based approaches future avenue representation credibility such studies.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the impact of drought on water cycling in urban trees via in-situ isotopic monitoring of plant xylem water

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 633, P. 131020 - 131020

Published: March 6, 2024

Urban trees are an integral part of sustainable cities. They regulate the local microclimate and enhance urban water cycle. Increasing periods drought can impair by affecting their uptake, transpiration growth patterns. In this study, we used a multi-proxy approach to assess how non-irrigated react changing supply throughout full vegetative period 2022 including major in Berlin, Germany. Our work focused on individual mature green space; examining daily mean in-situ isotopes plant xylem (δxyl) while also monitoring vegetation dynamics via sap flow, stem increments, LAI, as well groundwater, soil moisture at different depths. The was characterised spring with average precipitation inputs, followed extremely dry from July until mid-August, then gradual rewetting end August October. At beginning growing period, changes ecohydrological investigated maple birch were high increases size but decreasing moisture. spring, δxyl signatures both trees, effect more marked hinting dependence species specific-storage effects distinct start transpiration. During summer, stress apparent fluxes monitored reduction growth, midday potential Yet flow rates relatively stable tree maintained. We noted midsummer enrichment species. Most importantly, measured isotopically range deep waters groundwater implying that deeper sources sustaining trees' during drought. detected fractionation δxyl, which is possibly induced heterogenous uptake strategies biochemical processes xylem, CH4 transport. results suggest rely internal storage conclude shrubs shallow root development would be vulnerable summers particular threat future accelerated summer droughts combined insufficient autumn causing layers out.

Language: Английский

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Heartwood/Sapwood Characteristics of Populus euphratica Oliv. Trunks and Their Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Lower Tarim River, Northwest China

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 154 - 154

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

The characteristics of heartwood and sapwood not only reflect tree growth site quality but also provide insights into habitat changes. This study examines the natural Populus euphratica Oliv. forest in Arghan section lower Tarim River, comparing P. at different distances from river, as well varying trunk heights diameters breast height (DBH). objective was to examine correlation between these physicochemical properties soil better understand ecological response strategies arid environments. Results indicated that radius, width, area, moisture content decreased with increasing height, following pattern: 0.3 m > 0.8 1.3 m. In contrast, density increased increased. Most indicators larger diameters. case a DBH less than 45 cm, difference significant (p 0.05) However, m, < 0.05). Soil analysis revealed factors such total nitrogen, available potassium, water significantly influenced physical across sites. Redundancy (RDA) further demonstrated phosphorus, were correlated sapwood, validating critical role nutrients shaping wood euphratica. These findings highlighted specific adaptations River desert environment, reflected observed relationships conditions sapwood.

Language: Английский

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Pre-Season Precipitation and Temperature Have a Larger Influence on Vegetation Productivity than That of the Growing Season in the Agro-Pastoral Ecotone in Northern China

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 219 - 219

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Climate change and human activities are reshaping the structure function of terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in vulnerable regions such as agro-pastoral ecotones. However, extent to which climate impacts vegetation growth these areas remains poorly understood, largely due modifying effects human-induced land cover changes on sensitivity climatic variations. This study utilizes satellite-derived indices, datasets, data investigate influence both ecotone northern China (APENC) from 2001 2022. The results reveal that productivity, indicated by kernel Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (kNDVI), varies depending type APENC. Moreover, ridge regression modeling shows pre-season conditions (i.e., precipitation temperature) have a stronger positive impact growing-season productivity than growing season temperature, while effect vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is negative. Notably, kNDVI exhibits significant (p < 0.05) 34.12% region negative VPD 38.80%. model explained 89.10% total variation (R2 = 0.891). These findings not only emphasize critical role historical contemporary shaping but also provide valuable insights into how adjust agricultural animal husbandry management strategies improve regional adaptation based information previous seasons fragile regions.

Language: Английский

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Make African grasslands climate-change resilient

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Climate change has negatively impacted grassland productivity in Africa. Climate-smart technologies such as forage grass, legume, and herb mixtures could enhance resilience, offering a sustainable solution for African pasture-based livestock systems.

Language: Английский

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African Mahogany Under Saline Stress: An Analysis of the Transpiration Response at Different Salinity Levels

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 666 - 666

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Agriculture in semi-arid regions faces significant challenges due to water scarcity and soil salinity, conditions exacerbated by inadequate irrigation practices high evaporation rates. African mahogany (Khaya senegalensis), a species valued for its high-quality wood, holds potential cultivation these regions, provided that appropriate management are adopted. This study investigated the leaf transpiration response of seedlings subjected seven levels ranging from 0.5 5 dS·m−1, using drainage lysimeters an experimental field Bahia. Data collection included measurements stomatal conductance photosynthetically active radiation (Qleaf) over four-month period. The results showed reduction with increasing particularly above 3.5 dS·m−1. Regression analyses highlighted negative correlation between electrical conductivity transpiration, demonstrating impact quality on plant physiology. These findings underscore efficient implemented promote sustainable use mitigate effects salinity.

Language: Английский

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