Frontiers in Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: May 16, 2024
Reducing
methane
emissions
in
the
oil
and
gas
industry
is
a
top
priority
for
current
international
community
addressing
climate
change.
Methane
from
energy
sector
exhibit
strong
temporal
variability
ground
monitoring
networks
can
provide
time-continuous
measurements
of
concentrations,
enabling
rapid
detection
sudden
leaks
industry.
Therefore,
identifying
specific
locations
within
fields
to
establish
cost-effective
reliable
network
an
urgent
significant
task.
In
response
this
challenge,
study
proposes
technical
workflow
that,
utilizing
emission
inventories,
atmospheric
transport
models,
intelligent
computing
techniques,
automatically
determines
optimal
stations
based
on
input
quantity
sites.
This
methodology
quantitatively
assess
observational
effectiveness
network.
The
proposed
demonstrated
using
Shengli
Oilfield,
second-largest
extraction
base
China,
as
case
study.
We
found
that
Genetic
Algorithm
help
find
optimum
effectively.
Besides,
overall
observation
grew
1.7
5.6
when
number
site
increased
1
9.
However,
growth
decreased
with
increasing
number.
Such
technology
assist
better
resulting
extraction.
Atmosphere,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 11 - 11
Published: Dec. 21, 2023
By
using
space-based
measurements
of
the
column-averaged
dry
air
mole
fraction
carbon
dioxide
(XCO2)
from
Orbiting
Carbon
Observatory-2
(OCO-2)
and
CO
NO2
Tropospheric
Monitoring
Instrument
(TROPOMI),
this
study
investigates
seasonal
variation
in
characteristics
CO2,
CO,
across
major
states
United
States.
Beyond
correlating
these
trends
with
natural
factors,
significant
emphasis
is
placed
on
human
activities,
including
heating
demands,
energy
usage,
impacts
COVID-19
pandemic.
Concentration
enhancements
observations
influenced
by
anthropogenic
emissions
urban
regions
relative
to
background
values
are
calculated
estimate
gas
emissions.
Our
investigation
reveals
a
strong
correlation
between
CO2
emissions,
as
evidenced
coefficient
(r)
0.75.
Furthermore,
we
observe
0.48
weaker
0.37
Notably,
identify
concentration
reliable
indicator
emission
levels,
which
1%
increase
corresponds
0.8194%
(±0.0942%)
rise
annual
mean
Enhancement
ratios
among
NO2,
XCO2
also
calculated,
uncovering
that
high
ΔNO2:
ΔXCO2
often
signify
outdated
industrial
structures
production
technologies,
while
low
ΔCO:
linked
utilize
clean
sources.
This
approach
offers
deeper
understanding
effect
activities
atmospheric
concentrations,
paving
way
for
more
effective
environmental
monitoring
policy-making.
Extensive
studies
have
indicated
that
high
vapor
pressure
deficit
(VPD)
and
low
soil
moisture
(SM)
had
a
significant
impact
on
global
gross
primary
productivity
(GPP),
but
their
relative
importance
nonlinear
effect
remain
uncertain.
Herein,
based
the
Coupled
Model
Intercomparison
Project
6
(CMIP6)
outputs,
we
examined
changes
of
GPP,
SM,
VPD
in
baseline
(1982-2014)
future
(2015-2100)
periods
under
four
representative
pathways,
decoupled
SM
clarified
dominant
force;
further,
explored
constraints
critical
threshold
force
GPP
identified
drought
zoning
optimization
plan.
The
results
show
that,
at
end
21st
century,
will
experience
an
increasing
trend,
growth
rate
is
higher
Northern
Hemisphere;
except
SSP5-8.5,
tends
to
be
moist,
atmospheric
dryness
obvious,
especially
Southern
Hemisphere.
dominates
variation,
its
controlling
role
decreases
scenarios
compared
historical
period.
There
inverted
U-shaped
relationship
between
cost
increase
with
rising
CO2
emission
intensity,
enhancing
water
use
efficiency
key
alleviating
costs
for
vegetation
scenarios.
only
13.4%-16.5%
vegetated
area
within
elastic
range,
named
by
SM-safer
zone.
Regions
where
exceeds
range
account
41.4%-59.6%
land,
largest
proportion,
mainly
distributed
northern
parts
South
America
Southeast
Asia.
Conversely,
regions
falls
below
expand
significantly,
60%
baseline,
primarily
located
south
Sahara
Australia.
In
future,
different
should
conduct
targeted
status
reduce
growth,
achieve
optimal
carbon
sequestration
ecosystems.
Life,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(8), P. 989 - 989
Published: Aug. 8, 2024
Drought
stress
is
a
critical
environmental
factor
that
significantly
impacts
plant
growth
and
productivity.
However,
the
transcriptome
analysis
of
differentially
expressed
genes
in
response
to
drought
