Contribution of Road Vehicle Tyre Wear to Microplastics and Ambient Air Pollution

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 522 - 522

Published: Jan. 7, 2024

Tyre particles are generated by shear forces between the tread and road or volatilisation. abrasion (wear) contributes from one-third to half of microplastics unintentionally released into environment. The major part ends up in soil, a considerable amount is aquatic environment, small percentage becomes airborne. Nevertheless, tyre 5–30% transport particulate matter (PM) emissions. This corresponds approximately 5% total ambient PM particle mass size distribution peak at around 20 100 μm, with second 2–10 μm range. A nucleation mode has been reported some studies. absolute levels depend on tyre, vehicle, characteristics, but also environmental conditions driving style. Most emission factors literature based data prior year 2000. We aggregated recent studies found mean 110 mg/km per vehicle 68 mg/km/t for passenger cars (based 300 measurements). Based limited number studies, PM10 emissions were 1.4–2.2 tyre. On other hand, order 1010 #/km ratio was be 2.5% average. Finally, PM2.5 calculated 40%. Various mitigation measures pollution could envisaged; most direct limitation rate, as proposed European Commission Euro 7 regulation. Other regulatory initiatives discussed.

Language: Английский

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Viable Use of Tire Pyrolysis Oil as an Additive to Conventional Motor Oil: A Tribological and Physical Study

Lubricants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 64 - 64

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Stockpiled end-of-life tires (ELTs) pose a serious environmental concern. In the current investigation, ELT pyrolysis oil (i.e., pyro-oil) was studied as potential additive to conventional motor oil. The pyro-oil samples were mixed in different concentrations of 10 50 wt.% with commercial virgin obtain lubricant mixture. Chemical analyses performed for tire-recycled derivative material, route utilize pyro-oils, valorize waste, and reduce production costs lubricants. Rheological examinations explore impact on rheological properties under several shearing rates temperatures. Tribological mixtures pure accomplished study influence tribological behavior oils. Lastly, thermal stability wettability executed assess wetting mixtures. obtained results showed that adding low concentration (≤10%) will sustain oil’s chemical, wettability, stability, rheological, properties, signifying viable application recycled ELTs helping their economic impact. These findings offer feasible use future low-cost oils market specifications, utilizing sustainable additive.

Language: Английский

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Long-term trends of black carbon and particle number concentrations and their vehicle emission factors in Stockholm

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 347, P. 123734 - 123734

Published: March 6, 2024

Black carbon (BC) and particle number (PN) concentrations are usually high in cities due to traffic emissions. European mitigation policies, including Euro emission standards, have been implemented curb these We analyzed BC PN (particle diameter Dp > 4 nm) Stockholm spanning the years 2013–2019 2009–2019 measured at street canyon rooftop sites assess effectiveness of policies. Combining data with inverse dispersion modeling, we estimated factors (EFBC EFPN) for mixed fleet, reflecting real-world driving conditions. The pollutants showed decreasing trends both sites, but remained site considering World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. declined more rapidly than concentrations, showing a −9.4% −4.9% annual decrease −7.2% −0.5% 2013–2019. EFBC EFPN that strategies reducing particulate emissions on-road vehicles were successful over study period. However, introduction biofuels vehicle fleet —ethanol later rapeseed methyl ester (RME)— increased particles < 10 nm before adoption filters exhausts. Stricter regulations, especially diesel (DPF) 5, 6, VI vehicles, led 66% 55% EFPN. Real-world surpassed HBEFA (Handbook Emission Factors Road Transport) database values by 2.4–4.8 times; however, direct comparisons between difficult differences lower cut-off sizes measurement techniques. Our results underscore necessity revising database, updating laboratory testing methods portable measuring systems (PEMS) measurements account liquid condensate contributions measurements.

Language: Английский

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Current Concerns about Microplastics and Nanoplastics: A Brief Overview

Polymers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1525 - 1525

Published: May 29, 2024

The widespread and increasing use of plastic-based goods in the present-day world has been raising many concerns about formation microplastics, their release, impacts on environment and, ultimately, living organisms. These are even greater regarding nanoplastics, i.e., nanosized which may have impacts. In this brief review, although without any claim or intention to exhaustively cover all aspects such a complex many-sided issue, very topical problem more worrisome from polymer-based products was considered. approach is focused terse, straightforward, easily accessible analysis oriented main technological engineering sources microplastics nanoplastics released into environment, nature, some consequences arising different polymers involved, form (i.e., processes, with particular attention towards unintentional release), mechanisms, possible mitigation pathways.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of fine and coarse tyre wear particles along a highway stormwater system and in receiving waters: Occurrence and transport

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 367, P. 121989 - 121989

Published: Aug. 3, 2024

Tyre wear has been identified as a major road-related pollutant source, with road runoff transporting tyre particles (TWP) to adjacent soil, watercourses, or further through stormwater systems. The aim of this study was investigate the occurrence and transport TWP along system. Water sediment have sampled at selected points (road runoff, gully pots, wells, outlet ditch, stream) system situated highway in Sweden during November December 2022, March 2023. As there is limited data on size distribution different environmental media, especially fraction <20 μm, samples were fractioned into fine (1.6-20 μm) coarse (1.6-500 fraction. analysed using combination marker compounds (benzene, α-methylstyrene, ethylstyrene, butadiene trimer) for styrene-butadiene rubbers PYR-GC/MS from which concentration calculated. Suspended solids water samples, organic content samples. found nearly all locations, concentrations up 17 mg/L 40 mg/g In 1.6-20 μm represented significant proportion (20-60%). Correlations between suspended (r = 0.87) 0.72). results presented demonstrate that can be transported surrounding environment retention studied

Language: Английский

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Integrating Multiple Functional Moieties toward Environmentally Friendly and Highly Efficient Interfacial Mediator for Rubber/Silica Composites

ACS Materials Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 425 - 432

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The problems of high volatile organic compound (VOC) emission and low efficiency silane coupling agents (SCAs) used in the rubber/silica composites for "green tires" have been troubling rubber industry. A unique (MFSi) integrating hydroxyls, tertiary nitrogen, norbornenyl were prepared by a solvent-free/catalyst-free one-pot method. MFSi can graft onto chain through highly efficient norbornenyl/sulfur reaction, while dangling hydroxyls improve its affinity with silica nitrogen has significant internal catalytic effect on silanization silica. As result, shows significantly higher silica-filled compared to most widely SCAs. Consequently, MFSi-modified exhibit excellent environmental friendliness, including reduced heat buildup (∼55%) abrasion loss (∼53%) VOC emissions (∼42%). We envision that design multifunctional mediator will provide valuable insights into development high-performance more environmentally friendly manner.

Language: Английский

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Projecting airborne tire wear particle emissions in the United States in the era of electric vehicles

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 967, P. 178848 - 178848

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Characterization of airborne tire particle emissions under realistic conditions on the chassis dynamometer, on the test track, and on the road

Aerosol Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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Recent Advancements in Morphing Applications: Architecture, Artificial Intelligence Integration, Challenges, and Future Trends- A Comprehensive Survey

Aerospace Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 110102 - 110102

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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Quantifying abrasion of microplastics from mountain bike tires

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 969, P. 178971 - 178971

Published: March 1, 2025

Current research on microplastics (MPs) primarily focuses investigating environmental samples, often lacking in identifying the actual sources and emission quantities. Little is known about quantity of bicycle tire abrasion real-use scenarios. Mountain biking, a popular outdoor sport produces wear particles (TWP) directly natural environments. This study quantifies microplastic from mountain bike tires real-life usage. We measured weight loss gravimetrically over their period use to quantify throughout lifecycle. found an rate 3.62 g (median) per 100 km bike. The was higher for rear (median 2.32 g; IQR = 1.58 3.59 g) compared front 1.32 1.06 2.64 g). After rates new tire, decrease, average stabilizes at around 1.43 rear; 1.07 1.60 tire. dynamic due excess material sharp edges produced during manufacturing. Gravimetrically measuring proved effective assessing MP tires. Combining these findings with kilometrage statistics Germany results 59 88 biker year. Calculated emissions cycling (rider-number * rate) would contribute <1 % total annual MPs emissions, significantly lower than motorized vehicle tires, which 30 %.

Language: Английский

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