The
management
of
rural
waste,
particularly
agri-food
poses
a
major
challenge
to
the
ecosystem
health.
This
study
investigated
efficacy
black
soldier
fly
larvae
(Hermetia
illucens
L.,
BSFL)
bioconversion
for
waste
under
independent
or
co-treatment
strategies
using
chicken
manure
and
food
as
model
system.
results
showed
synergistic
effect
co-treating
from
different
sources.
strategy
enhanced
efficiency,
resulting
in
10.2%
increase
reduction
rate
1.93-fold
rate.
Additionally,
larval
growth
performance
biomass
quality
BSFL
were
improved,
while
lauric
acid
oleic
enriched
fat
strategy.
16S
rRNA
amplicon
sequencing
revealed
that
reshaped
both
residue
gut
microbiota,
with
distinct
taxonomical
biomarkers
enrichment.
Furthermore,
this
strategy,
metabolic
functions
microbiota
significantly
activated,
especially
carbohydrate,
amino
acid,
lipid
metabolism
by
16.3%,
23.5%,
20.2%,
respectively.
early
colonization
lactic
bacteria
(Weisella
Aerococcus)
residue,
coupled
symbiotic
relationship
between
Enterococcus
host
gut,
likely
promoted
organic
matter
degradation
performance.
Scaling
up
our
findings
national
level
China
suggests
can
quantity
86,329
tonnes
produce
more
protein
market
value
approximately
US$237
million.
Therefore,
streams
presents
sustainable
solution
potentially
contributes
achievement
SDG2
(Zero
Hunger),
SDG3
(Good
Health
Well-Being),
SDG12
(Responsible
Consumption
Production).
Applied Biological Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
67(1)
Published: March 29, 2024
Abstract
The
Himalayan
composting
toilets
(CTs)
offer
a
sustainable
solution
for
converting
human
faeces
(HF)
into
compost,
supplementing
the
low-fertile
land
of
region.
However,
CTs
face
challenges
such
as
delayed
processes
(6–8
months),
increased
heavy
metal
content,
and
foul
odour.
Therefore,
current
study
evaluated
biochar-amended
psychrotrophic
bacteria
HF
degradation
under
low-temperature
conditions
(10
±
2
°C).
Out
153
isolated
from
17
bacterial
strains
were
selected
based
on
highest
two
or
more
hydrolytic
activities.
Furthermore,
considering
isolation
source,
examined
haemolytic
activity,
biofilm
formation,
cytotoxicity
seed
germination
assay.
In
total,
14
potential
belonging
to
Pseudomonas
,
Microbacterium
Arthrobacter
Streptomyces
Glutamicibacter
Rhodococcus
Serratia
Exiguobacterium
Jeotgalicoccus
genera
considered
safe
both
handling
plants.
process
was
conducted
in
modified
plastic
drums
at
10
°C
90
days
through
treatments:
Treatment
1
(T1)
involving
HF,
non-immobilized
biochar
cocopeat,
(T2)
consortium-immobilized
cocopeat.
degraded
within
with
hemicellulose
cellulose
ratios
73.9%
62.4%,
respectively
(p
≤
0.05).
compost
maturation
indices
like
C/N
ratio
(16.5
1.85),
total
nitrogen
(2.66
0.07),
phosphate
(0.4
0.005),
potassium
(1.8
0.05)
also
improved
T2
treatment
Additionally,
effective
achieving
levels
faecal
coliforms
(<
1000
MPN
g
−1
)
reducing
content
compared
T1.
16S
rRNA
amplicon-based
analysis
demonstrated
an
enhancement
community
diversity
T2,
presence
end
period
promoting
degradation.
T2-fertilized
soil
showed
index
(121
0.4,
p
stimulated
root,
shoot
yield
by
110%,
45.2%,
288%,
respectively,
pea
(
Pisum
sativum
var.
AS-10)
T1
(49.6%,
19%,
5.8%,
respectively)
conclusion,
developed
biochar-based
formulation
proved
degrading
low
temperatures,
mitigating
odours,
metals,
enhancing
agronomic
value
final
compost.
This
presents
promising
approach
management
that
can
supplement
non-nutritive
high-altitude
regions.
