Crop–Mushroom Rotation: A Comprehensive Review of Its Multifaceted Impacts on Soil Quality, Agricultural Sustainability, and Ecosystem Health

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 563 - 563

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Cross-kingdom rotation offers several agronomic and ecological benefits, including enhanced soil nutrient availability, reduced pest disease prevalence, improved structure, minimized chemical inputs, which contribute to a dynamic resilient ecosystem, thereby fostering biodiversity balance. Additionally, crop diversity encourages plant root exudates that feed wider range of beneficial microbes, ultimately leading balanced food web. Integrating rice cultivation with the edible mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata further improves fertility enhances organic carbon sequestration. This introduces matter into soil, affecting microbial community structure supporting decomposition complex materials via lignocellulose-decomposing fungi. These processes accumulation, cycling, long-term health. The study emphasizes importance communities (including live biomass necromass) in maintaining ecosystem stability highlights potential rice–S. model as sustainable agricultural practice. Further research is needed clarify how fungal necromass contributes accumulation optimize practices for improving health sequestration response climate change. findings provide valuable insights developing strategies balance productivity environmental conservation.

Language: Английский

---

The long-term straw return resulted in significant differences in soil microbial community composition and community assembly processes between wheat and rice

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Straw return is widely promoted as an environmentally sustainable practice to enhance soil health and agricultural productivity. However, the impact of varying straw durations on microbial community composition development remains insufficiently understood within a rice-wheat cropping system. In this study, samples were collected during wheat rice harvesting periods following seven durations: no (NR) or 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 years (SR1, 11), sequencing was performed. The results revealed biphasic pattern in alpha diversity (Chao1 Shannon) communities with increasing duration, characterized by initial increase followed subsequent decrease. Specifically, SR9 group exhibited highest Chao1 Shannon values, while SR3 showed values. PCoA indicated significant shifts due return, particularly compared NR. obvious changed six bacterial phyla (Verrucomicrobiota, Proteobacteria, Desulfobacterota, MBNT15, Actinobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota) periods, especially Proteobacteria. Correlation analysis between environmental factors demonstrated these factors, pH total organic carbon (TOC) (p < 0.05), harvest, indicating enrichment after may be related accumulation TOC. Furthermore, network period found more complex, lower stability period. This complexity closely associated TOC fields. Deterministic processes, including homogeneous heterogeneous selection, play crucial role shaping both systems. Environmental significantly influenced assembly recycling. Our study enhances understanding system, which provide valuable insights for studying mechanisms managing can promote fertility restoration.

Language: Английский

---

Temporal dynamics of nutrient release from mulching of legume roots and shoots litter driven by microbial community during decomposition in organic orchards

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 24, 2025

Grass residue decomposition is crucial for nutrient cycling in agro-ecosystems, enhancing utilization efficiency and supporting sustainable crop management. While grass mulching has been widely studied improving orchard soil fertility, the role of microbial communities decomposing different plant organs remains unclear. Before decomposition, aboveground belowground parts were harvested placed separate litterbags, which later used evaluating rate chemical characteristics shoots roots 40 days (at 10 intervals). The changes microenvironment, community measured after 0, 1 3 months, alongside analysis key taxa under residues treatments. remaining mass root litter treatment was significantly higher than that other treatments by 72.97%, 17.53% during 1–10 30–40 days, respectively. During 40-days period, release potassium (K) from reached 58.61%, lignin recorded at 56.94%, whereas carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) remained relatively stable. Despite no significant nodes, edges, links 30 90 co-occurrence network exhibited modularity values 0.774 0.773, those observed random networks, indicating presence functional modules enhanced stability within community. Litter rates positively influencing fertility keystone decomposers, while its microenvironment affects rates. recalcitrance, composition plays a regulating structure thereby maintaining ecosystem functionality.

Language: Английский

---

Effects of Different River Crab Eriocheir sinensis Polyculture Practices on Bacterial, Fungal and Protist Communities in Pond Water

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 31 - 31

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

Microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and protists, are key drivers in aquatic ecosystems, maintaining ecological balance normal material circulation, playing vital roles ecosystem functions biogeochemical processes. To evaluate the environmental impact of different river crab polyculture practices, we set up two (Eriocheir sinensis) practices: one where crabs were cultured with mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), freshwater stone moroko (Pseudorasbora parva), another just carp. These practices referred to as PC MC, respectively. We analyzed water bacterial, fungal, protist communities MC groups using 16S, ITS, 18S ribosomal RNA high-throughput sequencing. found that group obviously increased diversity microbial altered their composition. The bacterial community held narrowest habitat niche exhibited weakest adaption compared fungal communities. co-occurrence networks protist, leading more complex stable fungi protist. Furthermore, shifted assembly mechanism from being predominantly deterministic stochastic processes, relatively minor impacts on Environmental factors, especially dissolved oxygen (DO), significantly associated DO major contributor changes Our results suggest fish, carp, was an effective viable attempt, it superior terms stability.

Language: Английский

---

Enhancing biodegradation of vegetable oil-contaminated soil with soybean texturized waste, spent mushroom substrate, and stabilized poultry litter in microcosm systems

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(8)

Published: June 10, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Effects of the rice-mushroom rotation pattern on soil properties and microbial community succession in paddy fields

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 24, 2024

Currently, straw biodegradation and soil improvement in rice-mushroom rotation systems have attracted much attention. However, there is still a lack of studies on the effects yield, properties microbial succession. In this study, no treatment (CK), green manure return (GM) rice (RS) were used as controls to fully evaluate effect Stropharia rugosoannulata cultivation substrate (SRS) microorganisms. The results indicated that nutrient (organic matter, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen potassium) enzyme (urease, saccharase, lignin peroxidase laccase) activities had positive responses rotation. At interannual level, diversity varied significantly among treatments, with increasing relative alpha index bacteria enriching beneficial communities such Rhizobium, Bacillus Trichoderma for growth. Soil nutrients enzymatic correlated during fungal-bacterial co-occurrence networks modular, Latescibacterota, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadota Patescibacteria closely related accumulation soil. structural equation model (SEM) showed fungal responded more changes than did bacterial diversity. Overall, improved yields, enriched microorganisms maintained This study provides new insights into use S. substrates sustainable development agroecosystems.

Language: Английский

---

Molecular Profiling of Rice Straw Degradability Discrepancy in Stropharia rugosoannulata Core Germplasm

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 72(45), P. 25379 - 25390

Published: Oct. 31, 2024

The rice-S. rugosoannulata pattern is a rapidly growing agricultural practice for straw disposal and mushroom production in China. However, different S. strains show large variation rice degradability. Here, we constructed core collection of containing 14 with rich genetic diversity. molecular profiling the lignocellulose degradability discrepancy was then explored using enzyme activity assays transcriptome analysis. results indicated that mycelial growth rate, lignocellulolytic activities, differed widely among strains. genes encoding lignin modifying degrading auxiliary enzymes, oxidases, glycoside hydrolases, detoxification proteins were differentially expressed between two representative strains, resulting differences their activities further causing This study useful to improve efficiency promote recycling straw.

Language: Английский

---

Optimized Cultivation of Stropharia rugosoannulata Using Winter Jujube Wastes and Safety Risk Assessment of the Cultivated Mushrooms

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 1196 - 1196

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Substantial agricultural waste, including winter jujube residues, pits, and sawdust, is generated during the planting processing of jujubes. To recycle these wastes, they were used to cultivate Stropharia rugosoannulata. The nutrient composition, mineral elements, 179 pesticide heavy metals in wastes S. rugosoannulata tested. Cultivating liquid spawn with 40 g/L residue as a substitute for glucose significantly increased mycelial pellets’ biomass by 136%, resulting more uniform pellets. Secondary strains cultured using showing no significant difference growth rate vigor compared control (CK) across additive levels 10–30%. fruit bodies cultivated sawdust exhibited detectable residues lower metal content than allowable limits, protein 36.7 g/100 g. Additionally, element potassium surpassed sodium over 200 times, rendering it potassium-rich, low-sodium food source. Utilizing cultivation effectively repurposed through sustainable recycling. This approach not only reduces costs but also yields safe nutritious edible fungal products.

Language: Английский

---