Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(11), P. 1399 - 1399
Published: Nov. 15, 2024
Amphibians,
which
are
essential
components
of
ecosystems,
susceptible
to
pharmaceutical
contamination,
a
phenomenon
increasing
concern
owing
the
widespread
consumption
and
detection
compounds
in
environmental
matrices.
This
review
investigates
oxidative
stress
(OS)
as
primary
mechanism
drug
toxicity
these
organisms.
The
evidence
gathered
reveals
that
various
pharmaceuticals,
from
antibiotics
anesthetics,
induce
OS
by
altering
biomarkers
damage
antioxidant
defense.
These
findings
underscore
deleterious
effects
pharmaceuticals
on
amphibian
health
development
emphasize
necessity
incorporating
into
ecotoxicological
risk
assessments.
Although
further
studies
diverse
species,
mixtures,
field
required,
offer
valuable
tools
for
identifying
sublethal
risks.
Furthermore,
more
refined
will
facilitate
early
adverse
effects,
crucial
protecting
amphibians
their
ecosystems.
Ultimately,
this
calls
continued
research
mitigation
strategies
safeguard
biodiversity
contamination.
Journal of Fish Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 11, 2025
Abstract
Pollution
of
the
aquatic
ecosystem
by
hormone‐active
substances
is
a
frequently
discussed
topic
these
days.
Such
can
pass
through
sewage
treatment
plant
system
and
affect
life.
This
study
tested
effect
17α‐ethinylestradiol
(EE2)
on
individual
zebrafish
(
Danio
rerio
)
at
an
environmentally
relevant
concentration
in
fish
food
(10
μg/kg)
100
times
higher
(1000
μg/kg).
experiment
revealed
significant
changes
expression
reproductive
genes,
increase
vitellogenin
levels
histopathological
lesions
testes
after
EE2
exposure.
Additionally,
lipid
peroxidation
antioxidant
enzyme
activities
were
observed
both
concentrations,
along
with
morphological
increased
mortality
concentration.
Even
poses
danger
to
organisms
as
it
D.
's
health
parameters,
indicating
toxicity
molecular,
cell,
tissue,
organism
levels.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: March 31, 2025
Introduction
Diclofenac
(DCF)
is
a
commonly
utilized
medication
in
the
non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory
drug
category
that
released
into
aquatic
systems
significant
amounts.
Chlorella
vulgaris
(C.
vulgaris)
rich
active
phytochemicals
known
for
their
haemato-immunological
boosting
properties.
Methods
Our
objective
was
to
investigate
protective
properties
of
mitigating
toxic
effects
DCF.
Five
groups
Clarias
gariepinus,
each
comprising
36
fish,
were
assigned
over
two-week
period.
The
as
follows:
control
group,
which
received
basal
diet
only;
DCF1
and
exposed
20
μg/L
DCF;
DCF2
10
mg/L
+DCF1
Chlorella+DCF2
groups,
same
DCF
doses
Groups
2
3,
respectively,
while
also
being
fed
containing
25%
Chlorella.
Results
Exposure
both
significantly
decreased
erythrocyte
count,
hemoglobin
content,
white
blood
cell
phagocytic
index,
lysozyme
activity,
increased
eosinophil
neutrophil
%
an
equipotent
manner.
low
dose
caused
more
pronounced
reduction
packed
volume
(PCV)%
large
lymphocyte%
compared
high
dose.
A
decline
platelet
count
observed
only
with
dose,
led
decrease
monocyte%.
intoxication
dose-related
small
increase
morphological
alterations
interleukin
(IL)-6
levels.
group
exhibited
higher
apoptotic
RBCs
than
group.
Intervention
alongside
two
normalized
RBC
%,
PCV%
lymphocyte%,
abnormalities
equal
extent.
Large
Chlorella+DCF1
successfully
restored
normal
Phagocytic
index
activity
supplemented
lower,
IL-6
levels
groups.
percentage
cells
administration,
showing
fewer
Histopathological
deterioration
excessive
collagen
deposition
spleen
notable
improvements
seen
following
C.
supplementation.
Conclusion
These
findings
suggest
dietary
inclusion
may
antagonize
haemato-cytological
induced
by
intoxication.
Veterinární Medicína,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
70(1), P. 20 - 29
Published: Jan. 20, 2025
The
present
study
aimed
to
evaluate
the
biochemical
and
antioxidant
responses
of
common
carp
after
exposure
antiepileptic
analgesic
drug
gabapentin
at
concentrations
0.1,
1,
10,
100
μg/l
for
4
weeks.
highest
two
resulted
in
significant
changes
plasma
indices
such
as
glucose
(only
group
μg/l),
alanine
aminotransferase
(ALT),
lactate
dehydrogenase
(LDH),
lipase,
creatine
kinase
(CK),
amylase
well
butyrylcholinesterase
(BChE).
Similar
trends
were
found
both
groups
exposed
environmentally
relevant
(i.e.,
0.1
1
μg/l).
In
addition,
a
increase
ferric-reducing
power
was
noted
all
treated
groups.
Numerous
enzymes,
superoxide
dismutase,
catalase,
glutathione-S-transferase,
lipid
peroxidation,
observed
especially
caudal
kidney
μg/l.
Significant
findings
also
confirmed
an
concentration
(1
with
decrease
dismutase
gill
increased
lipoperoxidation
kidney.
Our
research
shows
that
subchronic
may
pose
risk
non-target
aquatic
organisms,
disruption
metabolic
pathways
or
induction
oxidative
stress,
even
concentrations.
