High diversity of Phytophthora species in natural ecosystems and nurseries of Portugal: Detrimental side effect of plant introductions from the age of discovery to modern globalization

Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Abstract Between 2010 and 2015, an extensive survey of Phytophthora diversity was performed across Portugal. Baiting direct isolation tests obtained 48 taxa in 62 70 forest stands (89%) from 148 302 rhizosphere soil samples (49%) 25 29 tree species (86%), bark cankers Alnus lusitanica Fagus sylvatica ; 33 34 rivers streams (97%); 12 13 nurseries (92%) 54 87 root ball (61%) 16 21 (76%). The 799 isolates belonged to 28 known three recently described species; one designated two new non‐hybrid taxa; five nine hybrid taxa. majority, (71%), are introduced aliens Europe while (19%) (10%) cryptic native origin, respectively. cinnamomi the most common forests (56%) (61%). Multiple first records for Portugal partly both declines host– associations were found. Isolation rates differed considerably between declining (65%) healthy trees (10%), regardless species. widespread infestations with aggressive wide‐host range pathogens like P . , pseudocryptogea × cambivora multivora plurivora host‐specific alticola quercetorum quercina will inevitably cause their further spread wider environment, exacerbating pathogen threats ecosystems thus weakening resilience climatic extremes.

Language: Английский

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Syntaxonomy of the class Alnetea glutinosae in Ukraine: a critical revision

Vegetation Classification and Survey, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6, P. 13 - 36

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Aims : (a) To revise the previous classification systems for Alnetea glutinosae vegetation in Ukraine using a representative dataset; (b) to define types at association level and outline their geographical distribution species composition; (c) describe relationships between defined associations main environmental factors. Study area Ukraine. Methods 5818 plots of floodplain forests, alder carr, birch forests were collected field digitized from literature. We used PC-ORD beta-flexible clustering (beta = –0.3, Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, log-transformed percentage abundances) distinguish types. plotted results an NMDS ordination diagram visualize similarity patterns among Results . distinguished six within three alliances: mesotrophic regularly flooded carr ( Thelypterido palustris-Alnetum , Carici elongatae-Alnetum acutiformis-Alnetum ), basiphilous on mires Salici pentandrae-Betuletum pubescentis ) acidophilous wet palustris-Betuletum Eriophoro vaginati-Betuletum ). Using NMDS-ordination Ellenberg-type indicator values we demonstrated that gradients differentiation are soil moisture reaction, nutrients, light availability. Conclusions our comprehensive data set, critically revised concept syntaxonomic structure class phytosociological highlighted drivers determining variability. Our study also provides overview current each Taxonomic reference Euro+Med (2006-) vascular plants, Hodgetts et al. (2020) bryophytes. Syntaxonomic Higher syntaxa follow Mucina (2016). Abbreviations db-RDA distance-based redundancy analysis; EIVs Ellenberg values; EVC EuroVegChecklist, GIVD Global index plot databases, ICPN International code nomenclature (Theurillat 2021); Non-metric multidimensional scaling; NNP National nature park.

Language: Английский

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Breeding Alnus species for resistance to Phytophthora disease in the Iberian Peninsula

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Dec. 9, 2024

Alders are widely distributed riparian trees in Europe, North Africa and Western Asia. Recently, a strong reduction of alder stands has been detected Europe due to infection by

Language: Английский

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Amieiro Ibérico

Revista de Ciência Elementar, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4)

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

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