Predicting Chlorophyll-a Concentrations in the World’s Largest Lakes Using Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Accurate prediction of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations, a key indicator eutrophication, is essential for the sustainable management lake ecosystems. This study evaluated performance Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) along with three neural network models (MLP-NN, LSTM, and GRU) traditional machine learning tools (RF, SVR, GPR) predicting time-series Chl-a concentrations in large lakes. Monthly remote-sensed data derived from Aqua-MODIS spanning September 2002 to April 2024 were used. The based on their forecasting capabilities March August 2024. KAN consistently outperformed others both test forecast (unseen data) phases demonstrated superior accuracy capturing trends, dynamic fluctuations, peak concentrations. Statistical evaluation using ranking metrics critical difference diagrams confirmed KAN's robust across diverse sites, further emphasizing its predictive power. Our findings suggest that KAN, which leverages KA representation theorem, offers improved handling nonlinearity long-term dependencies data, outperforming grounded universal approximation theorem algorithms.

Language: Английский

Linking Antibiotic Residues and Antibiotic Resistance Genes to Water Quality Parameters in Urban Reservoirs: A Seasonal Perspective

Environments, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 96 - 96

Published: March 18, 2025

The interaction between antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in freshwater ecosystems has become a critical environmental concern. This study investigates seasonal variations of sulfonamide tetracycline their relationship with ARGs three urban reservoirs Nanjing, China: Pingshan Forest Park, Shanhu Lake Wetland Zhaoqiao Reservoir. Sampling was conducted May September 2023 to assess water quality, concentrations, ARG abundance. A total 30 samples were analyzed regard physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, antibiotics. quantitative PCR assay used measure the abundance relative 16S rRNA gene. Sulfonamide concentrations ranged from 120 ng/L, while tetracyclines 50–160 ng/L. Notably, sulfamethazine decreased significantly two (Shanhu Zhaoqiao, p < 0.05), other showed minimal variation, indicating persistent contamination agricultural runoff wastewater discharge. lower than September, being cumulatively genes. Strong correlations (r > 0.7) observed parameters like dissolved oxygen pH. High levels areas without nearby hospitals or pharmaceutical companies, implicating agriculture as major pollution source. By analyzing across eutrophic China, we highlight drivers proliferation propose targeted mitigation strategies.

Language: Английский