Introduction
The
coronavirus
illness
caused
by
SARS-
CoV-2
can
cause
multiple
organ
involvement,
with
varying
degrees
of
severity.
Besides,
inhalation
as
a
route
for
transmission,
feco-oral
has
also
been
proposed.
Its
transmission
to
sewage
systems
is
growing
public
health
issue.
Objective
To
detect
SARS-CoV-2
RNA
in
non-respiratory
samples
(saliva,
urine,
and
stool)
collected
from
COVID-19
cases,
Bihar.
Materials
methods
This
Cross-Sectional
observational
study
was
conducted
January
2021
March
2022
on
human
samples.
A
total
345
including
saliva
(116),
stool
(97),
urine
(132)
were
143
covid-19
cases.
Samples
analyzed
multiplex
RT-PCR
targeted
against
E,
ORF
1ab,
RdRp
gene.
Results
In
this
study,
out
107(74.8%)
positive
at
least
one
the
Conclusion
There
high
prevalence
virus
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: May 5, 2023
Although
the
dynamic
zero-COVID
policy
has
effectively
controlled
virus
spread
in
China,
China
to
face
challenges
balancing
social-economic
burdens,
vaccine
protection,
and
management
of
long
COVID
symptoms.
This
study
proposed
a
fine-grained
agent-based
model
simulate
various
strategies
for
transitioning
from
with
case
Shenzhen.
The
results
indicate
that
gradual
transition,
maintaining
some
restrictions,
can
mitigate
infection
outbreaks.
However,
severity
duration
epidemics
vary
based
on
strictness
measures.
In
contrast,
more
direct
transition
reopening
may
lead
rapid
herd
immunity
but
necessitate
preparedness
potential
sequelae
reinfections.
Policymakers
should
assess
healthcare
capacity
severe
cases
long-COVID
symptoms
determine
most
suitable
approach
tailored
local
conditions.
Frontiers in Public Health,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: March 21, 2025
Introduction
At
the
beginning
of
2020,
novel
coronavirus
broke
out
as
a
sudden
public
health
emergency
worldwide,
with
number
confirmed
patients
constantly
rising,
which
brought
huge
pressure
to
medical
system.
Many
countries
and
regions
have
noticed
positive
role
facilities
in
combating
COVID-19
pandemic.
Therefore,
analysis
location
construction
for
emergencies
has
practical
significance.
Objective
This
paper
mainly
discusses
use
urban
suburban
parks
sites
builds
maximum
service
quality
level
model
response
emergencies.
Method
Considering
suddenness
unpredictability
emergencies,
this
study
introduces
polyhedral
uncertainty
sets
describe
transforms
into
an
easily
solvable
mixed-integer
programming
through
Bertsimas
Sim
robust
optimization
method.
The
GAMS
software
is
used
CPLEX
solver
called
solve
model.
Taking
13
Wuhan
example,
optimal
plan
patient
allocation
are
determined,
verifying
feasibility
effectiveness
Discussion
results
show
that
effectively
promotes
determination
plans
transfer
routes.
It
expected
event
city,
it
can
provide
reference
basis
decision-makers
deal
Mathematical Problems in Engineering,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
2022, P. 1 - 10
Published: Oct. 3, 2022
Airborne
infection
isolation
(AII)
rooms
are
used
to
accommodate
patients
with
highly
infectious
diseases
and
keep
the
released
pathogens
limit
risk
of
cross-infection.
This
paper
proposes
a
concept
for
an
AII
room
made
from
two
shipping
containers
handle
scarcity
hospital
beds
when
COVID-19
disease
spreads
over
world.
The
proposed
system
consists
main
room,
anteroom,
toilet
as
well
other
functional
areas.
In
addition,
was
modeled
important
components
such
supply
air
vent,
exhaust
air,
patient,
bed.
computational
fluid
dynamics
(CFD)
approach
based
on
finite
volume
method
(FVM)
is
solve
three-dimensional
governing
equations.
CO2
concentration
determine
contaminant
in
room.
Therefore,
control
could
be
evaluated
by
change
per
hour
(ACH).
numerical
results
show
that
temperature
maintained
at
24°C,
which
appropriate
people
laminar
airflow
extends
downward
floor
after
leaving
vent
ceiling,
creating
circulating
patterns
throughout
When
evaluating
effectiveness
ventilation
systems
remove
airborne
contaminants
different
ACH
numbers,
reduced
581
ppm,
477
438
ppm
cases
12
ACH,
24
48
respectively.
As
result,
greater
number
hour,
performance
removal.
It
served
foundation
assessing
optimizing
portable
negative
pressure
Environmental Science and Pollution Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
30(33), P. 81019 - 81037
Published: June 13, 2023
Abstract
As
COVID-19
has
swept
across
the
world,
escalating
number
of
confirmed
and
suspected
cases
overwhelmed
admission
capacity
designated
hospitals.
Faced
with
such
a
grim
situation,
governments
made
quick
decision
to
build
emergency
medical
facilities
address
outbreak.
However,
faced
huge
risk
epidemic
spread
improper
site
could
lead
serious
secondary
transmission.
Using
disaster
prevention
avoidance
function
urban
green
space
can
solve
problem
selecting
location
certain
extent,
country
parks
having
high
degree
compatibility
latter.
Based
on
requirements
facilities,
using
Analytic
Hierarchy
Process
Delphi
method,
through
analyzing
type
parks,
effective
area,
spatial
fragmentation,
distance
from
water
sources,
wind
direction,
city,
quantification
8
impact
factors
as
hydrogeology
traffic
duration
was
conducted
comprehensively
compare
30
in
Guangzhou.
The
results
showed
that
overall
quality
approximated
normal
distribution,
Lianma
Forest
Country
Park
highest
comprehensive
score
most
balanced
distribution
scores
for
various
factors.
Considering
safety,
expandability,
rehabilitation,
convenience,
pollution
prevention,
fecal
isolation,
it
is
preferred
destination
facility
construction.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Aug. 15, 2023
Abstract
In
the
course
of
our
observations
transmission
COVID-19
around
world,
we
perceived
substantial
concern
about
imported
cases
versus
local
transmission.
This
study,
therefore,
tries
to
isolate
due
(also
called
community
spread)
from
those
externally
introduced
infection,
which
can
be
key
understanding
spread
pattern
pandemic.
particular,
offer
a
probabilistic
perspective
estimate
scale
outbreak
at
epicenter
epidemic
with
an
environmental
focus.
First,
this
study
proposes
novel
explanation
probability
in
population
target
city,
chain
is
based
on
assumption
independent
distribution.
Then
it
conducts
spatial
statistical
analysis
COVID-19,
using
two
model
specifications
identify
dependence,
more
commonly
known
as
spillover
effect.
The
results
are
found
have
strong
dependence.
Finally,
confirms
significance
residential
waste
indicates
that
fight
against
requires
us
pay
close
attention
factors.
method
shown
critical
and
has
high
practical
value,
because
easily
applied
elsewhere
other
future
pandemics.
BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Sept. 15, 2023
The
Chinese
government
relaxed
the
Zero-COVID
policy
on
Dec
15,
2022,
and
reopened
border
Jan
8,
2023.
Therefore,
COVID
prevention
in
China
is
facing
new
challenges.
Though
there
are
plenty
of
prior
studies
COVID,
none
regarding
predictions
daily
confirmed
cases,
medical
resources
needs
after
reopens
its
borders.
To
fill
this
gap,
study
innovates
a
combination
Erdos
Renyl
network,
modified
computational
model
[Formula:
see
text],
python
code
instead
only
mathematical
formulas
or
computer
simulations
previous
studies.
research
background
Shanghai,
representative
city
China.
results
also
demonstrate
situation
other
regions
According
to
population
distribution
migration
characteristics,
we
divided
Shanghai
into
six
epidemic
areas.
We
built
spread
Erodos
network.
And
then,
use
simulate
based
text]
model.
that
second
third
waves
will
occur
July-September
Oct-Dec,
respectively.
At
peak
2023,
cases
be
340,000,
cumulative
death
about
31,500.
Moreover,
74,000
hospital
beds
3,700
Intensive
Care
Unit
(ICU)
occupied
Shanghai.
faces
shortage
resources.
In
simulation,
significantly
rely
transmission,
migration,
waning
immunity
rate.
builds
mixed-effect
verify
further
three
parameters'
effect
cases.
rates
two
significant
parameters
This
offers
theoretical
evidence
for
prevent
opened
