Results in Engineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
21, P. 101676 - 101676
Published: Dec. 14, 2023
Historically,
windows
shading
systems
have
been
part
of
sustainable
design
elements
that
minimize
solar
heat
gain
while
still
allowing
fresh
air
to
pass
through.
However,
there
is
a
lack
comprehensive
research
on
the
impact
natural
ventilation
in
furnished
indoor
spaces.
This
study
aimed
assess
efficacy
vertical
shadings
cross-ventilation
performance
an
office
building
through
numerical
analysis
by
utilizing
computational
fluid
dynamics.
Site
measurements
were
conducted
compare
with
results
and
used
as
boundary
conditions
for
simulations.
The
showed
incorporating
window
has
potential
enhance
rate
when
wind
direction
ranges
from
45°
90°.
Then,
different
fin
settings
applied
various
specific
types
further
analysis.
initial
case
(awning
window)
central
resulted
30.46
%
increase
airflow
compared
non-shading
scenario.
implementation
sash
can
be
considered
most
effective
combination,
which
12.04
rate,
reduction
17.73
velocity
non-uniformity
coefficient,
decrease
31.47
percentage
area
dead
zone.
Lastly,
first
attempt
demonstrate
altering
furniture
placement
improve
presented.
rates
slightly
affected
furniture,
local
age-of-air
surrounding
occupant
could
reduced
56.21
%.
provides
practical
architectural
strategy
enhancing
behavior
shadings.
Indoor Air,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
32(6)
Published: June 1, 2022
Since
the
outbreak
of
COVID-19
in
December
2019,
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS
CoV-2)
has
spread
worldwide.
This
study
summarized
transmission
mechanisms
and
their
main
influencing
factors,
such
as
airflow
patterns,
air
temperature,
relative
humidity,
social
distancing.
The
characteristics
existing
cases
are
providing
more
evidence
that
SARS
CoV-2
can
be
transmitted
through
air.
investigation
reviewed
probabilistic
deterministic
research
methods,
Wells–Riley
equation,
dose-response
model,
Monte-Carlo
computational
fluid
dynamics
(CFD)
with
Eulerian
method,
CFD
Lagrangian
experimental
approach,
have
been
used
for
studying
airborne
mechanism.
equation
model
typically
assessment
average
infection
risk.
Only
combination
method
or
these
two
methods
obtain
spatial
distribution
particles'
concentration
In
contrast
is
suitable
risk
when
behavior
individuals
highly
random.
Although
researchers
tend
to
use
numerical
mechanism
COVID-19,
an
approach
could
often
provide
stronger
prove
possibility
than
a
simple
model.
All
all,
helpful
epidemic
prevention
control.
Trends in Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(8), P. 8287 - 8287
Published: June 1, 2024
The
spread
of
infectious
diseases
such
as
COVID-19
depends
on
complex
fluid
dynamics
interactions
between
pathogens
and
phases,
including
individual
droplets
multiphase
clouds.
Understanding
these
is
crucial
for
predicting
controlling
disease
spread.
This
applies
to
human
animal
exhalations,
coughs
sneezes,
well
bursting
bubbles
that
create
micron-sized
in
various
indoor
outdoor
environments.
By
exploring
case
studies
this
regard,
study
examines
the
emerging
field
transmission,
focusing
flows,
interfacial
turbulence,
pathogens,
traffic,
aerosol
ventilation,
breathing
microenvironments.
These
results
indicate
increased
ventilation
rates
local
methods
can
effectively
reduce
concentration
SARS-CoV-2-laden
aerosols
immediate
spaces
individuals.
In
a
displacement-ventilated
room,
both
neutral
unstable
conditions
were
more
effective
removing
breathed
from
air,
regardless
presence
test
subjects.
However,
stable
may
increase
risk
infection
individuals
living
confined
spaces.
Thus,
findings
are
useful
providing
practical
guidance
managing
airborne
infections.
HIGHLIGHTS
Fluid
affect
transmission
explored
flow,
dispersion,
respiratory
zones
Increased
SARS-CoV-2
Displacement
eliminates
under
Cramped
damp
environments
GRAPHICAL
ABSTRACT
Journal of Building Engineering,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
64, P. 105599 - 105599
Published: Nov. 26, 2022
In
the
past
few
years,
significant
efforts
have
been
made
to
investigate
transmission
of
COVID-19.
This
paper
provides
a
review
COVID-19
airborne
modeling
and
mitigation
strategies.
The
simulation
models
here
are
classified
into
infectious
risk
numerical
approaches
for
spatiotemporal
transmissions.
Mathematical
descriptions
assumptions
on
which
these
based
discussed.
Input
data
used
in
previous
studies
assess
dispersion
extracted
reported.
Moreover,
measurements
performed
study
within
indoor
environments
introduced
support
validations
anticipated
future
studies.
Transmission
strategies
recommended
recent
include
modifying
occupancy
ventilation
operations,
using
filters
air
purifiers,
installing
ultraviolet
(UV)
disinfection
systems,
personal
protection
compliance,
such
as
wearing
masks
social
distancing.
application
various
building
types,
educational,
office,
public,
residential,
hospital,
is
reviewed.
Recommendations
works
also
discussed
current
apparent
knowledge
gaps
covering
both
approaches.
Our
findings
show
that
different
measures
were
environments;
however,
there
no
conclusive
work
reporting
their
combined
effects
level
may
be
achieved.
further
should
conducted
understand
better
balance
between
mitigating
viral
transmissions
buildings
energy
consumption.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
879, P. 163007 - 163007
Published: March 23, 2023
Ultraviolet
irradiation
C
(UVC)
has
emerged
as
an
effective
strategy
for
microbial
control
in
indoor
public
spaces.
UVC
is
commonly
applied
air,
surface,
and
water
disinfection.
Unlike
common
254
nm
UVC,
far-UVC
at
222
considered
non-harmful
to
human
health,
being
safe
occupied
spaces,
still
disinfection
purposes.
Therefore,
allied
the
urgency
mitigate
current
pandemic
of
SARS-CoV-2,
increase
UVC-based
technology
devices
appeared
market
with
levels
pathogens
reduction
higher
than
99.9
%.
This
environmentally
friendly
potential
overcome
many
limitations
traditional
chemical-based
approaches.
The
novel
were
thought
be
used
spaces
such
hospitals,
schools,
transport
minimize
risk
contamination
propagation,
saving
costs
by
reducing
manual
cleaning
equipment
maintenance
provided
manpower.
However,
a
lack
information
about
parameters
protocols
disinfection,
controversies
regarding
health
environmental
risks
exist.
In
this
review,
fundamentals
on
are
presented.
Furthermore,
deep
analysis
technologies
available
addressed,
well
their
advantages
limitations.
comprehensive
provides
valuable
inputs
strategies
development
effective,
reliable,
systems.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
923, P. 171308 - 171308
Published: March 2, 2024
Respiratory
disease
transmission
in
indoor
environments
presents
persistent
challenges
for
health
authorities,
as
exemplified
by
the
recent
COVID-19
pandemic.
This
underscores
urgent
necessity
to
investigate
dynamics
of
viral
infection
within
environments.
systematic
review
delves
into
methodologies
respiratory
settings
and
explores
how
quality
air
(IAQ)
can
be
controlled
alleviate
this
risk
while
considering
imperative
sustainability.
Among
2722
articles
reviewed,
178
were
retained
based
on
their
focus
IAQ.
Fifty
eight
delved
SARS-CoV-2
transmission,
21
papers
evaluated
IAQ
contexts
other
pandemics,
53
assessed
during
pandemic,
46
examined
control
strategies
mitigate
infectious
transmission.
Furthermore,
investigating
strategies,
only
nine
considered
energy
consumption.
These
findings
highlight
clear
gaps
current
research,
such
analyzing
surface
samples
specific
environments,
oversight
outdoor
parameters
(e.g.,
temperature,
relative
humidity
(RH),
building
orientation),
neglect
occupancy
schedules,
absence
considerations
consumption
enhancing
study
distinctly
identifies
environmental
conditions
conducive
thriving
each
virus,
offering
trade-offs
dominant
viruses
at
any
given
time.
argues
that
future
research
should
involve
digital
twins
conjunction
with
machine
learning
(ML)
techniques.
approach
aims
enhance
patterns
various
