Assessing Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation to Limit Aerosol Dispersion—Literature Review

Buildings, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 742 - 742

Published: March 11, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of indoor air quality (IAQ) and ventilation, which researchers have been warning about for years. During pandemic, studied several indicators using different approaches to assess IAQ diverse ventilation systems in spaces. To provide an overview these case airborne transmission through aerosols, we conducted a literature review, covered studies both from before during pandemic. We searched online databases six concepts: aerosol dispersion, quality, schools or offices, indicators, assessment approaches. found can be divided into three categories: dose-, building-, occupant-related indicators. These measured real physical spaces, controlled laboratory, modeled analyzed numerical Rather than organizing this paper according approaches, methods used are grouped following themes they cover: infection risk, design parameters, human behavior. first finding review is that dose-related predominant selected studies, whereas building- only specific studies. Moreover, better understanding transmission, there need more holistic definition second although tools setups presented literature, optimization tool room’s parameters seems missing. Finally, efficiently limit dispersion coordination between fields needed.

Language: Английский

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Effect of ventilation strategy on performance of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) system in a learning environment

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 899, P. 165454 - 165454

Published: July 17, 2023

Language: Английский

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Effect of Different Mechanical Fans on Virus Particle Transport: A Review

Buildings, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 303 - 303

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

In recent years, repeated outbreaks of airborne viruses have normalized human coexistence with these viruses. The complex turbulence and vortices generated by different fan types operation modes affect virus removal effectiveness. This paper reviews the potential impact actual effectiveness fans in mitigating indoor transmission, highlighting their advantages limitations. Downward rotating ceiling can rapidly dilute concentration (21–87%) breathing zone due to jet cores, efficiency depending on rotational speed particle diameter. However, reprocessing problems large particles being deposited surfaces, small settling rebounding into air remain unresolved. Upward-rotating do not contribute removal. Exhaust generate a negative-pressure environment, which helps expel quickly. But improper vortex zones increase retention time 16–40 times. Air-apply effectively transport only when delivering airflow exceeding 0.5 m/s directly zone. Additionally, combined strategies underexplored, despite benefits. review underscores need for standardized definitions calls further research how climatic conditions thermal comfort influence fan-based interventions.

Language: Английский

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Dynamics of human speech as aerosol transmission sources: implications for sustainable urban health based on impulsive jet theory

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106340 - 106340

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Reducing airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by an upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system in a hospital isolation environment

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 237, P. 116952 - 116952

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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An indoor airflow distribution predictor using machine learning for a real-time healthy building monitoring system in the tropics

Building Services Engineering Research and Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(3), P. 293 - 315

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Indoor air quality is the foundation of a good indoor environment. The COVID-19 pandemic further highlighted importance providing real-time airflow distribution information within Building Environmental Monitoring System (BEMS) to minimize risk infectious airborne transmission. This paper discusses process developing predictive model for prediction with and outdoor input parameters using machine learning its implementation in healthy BEMS classroom tropical climate region Yogyakarta, Indonesia. encompassed field measurement simulation involving conditions operational status classroom’s windows, Air Conditioning units, fans. Three models were constructed OLS, LASSO, Ridge methods. Datasets modeling generated from CFD simulations IES VE assessed correlation. mean temperature velocity differences between results are 0.21°C 0.083 m/s, respectively. Outdoor utilities significantly influence characteristics. three indicate relatively poor performance, where had low sensitivity changes. However, best performance was achieved LASSO method, average values post-normalization [Formula: see text] Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) 0.336 0.077, implemented on “Platform Healthy Energy Efficient Management System.” Practical Application: research proposed characteristics Yogyakarta. can be adapted produce monitoring systems that represent related conditions. method adopted develop simple, low-cost sensor or monitor an Future studies may explore real-world case study.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of portable air cleaners in mitigating respiratory virus transmission risk

Physica Scripta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99(4), P. 045021 - 045021

Published: March 11, 2024

Abstract Portable air cleaners (PACs) have shown promising potential in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by effectively removing pollutant particles and optimizing airflow patterns. This study focused on a simulated scenario where an infected source susceptible person engage conversation within naturally ventilated room. By combining Eulerian fluid method with Lagrangian particle tracking model, comprehensive insight into indoor patterns dispersion virus-laden droplets was gained. As deposited may be resuspended or contact thereby increasing infection, deposition different sizes areas also specifically analyzed. The impacts three variables, namely configuration PAC’s opening, flow rate, positioning, transmission were investigated. results highlighted significant role PAC utilization capturing emitted virus concentration vicinity person, mitigating transmission. Notably, design orientation suction opening emerged as crucial factors. Among various cases studied, optimal control prevention performance against achieved reduction rate 97.4% when had larger single-sided facing source, 200 m 3 h −1 , positioned at center tabletop between person. research underscored importance employing PACs appropriate settings to enhance quality minimize for similar scenarios.

Language: Английский

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Risk assessment of exhaled infectious aerosols transmission driven by natural ventilation in four nursing homes

Building Simulation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Numerical Investigation of the Efficacy of Downward Push–Pull Air Curtain for Protecting Standing Shop-Floor Worker from Virus Transmission Through Coughing Droplets

Lecture notes in mechanical engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 289 - 296

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Review of Engineering Controls for Indoor Air Quality: A Systems Design Perspective

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(19), P. 14232 - 14232

Published: Sept. 26, 2023

This paper aims to review the engineering controls for indoor air quality (IAQ) from a systems design perspective. As result of review, we classify literature content into three categories: (1) treatments, (2) dissemination control strategies, and (3) information technology. Indoor treatments can be generally interpreted as “cleaning” aspect, which covers ventilation contaminant removal techniques. Dissemination focuses on how contaminants generated in an space transmitted, where four types are classified. The category technology discusses IAQ sensors monitoring, well applications Internet Things data. Then, further analyze reviewed by performing functional analysis. Along with discussion functions, suggest some techniques, such decoupling flexibility/resilience, expected promote more thinking designing solutions.

Language: Английский

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