The
increase
in
anthropogenic
phosphorus
emissions
harms
the
environment
and
poses
a
threat
to
sustainable
development
of
society
economy.
However,
most
studies
on
pollution
have
focused
end-of-pipe
control
methods
such
as
wastewater
treatment
processes,
resource
recovery,
water
bodies.
There
is
lack
quantitative
research
at
production
stage,
well
in-depth
analysis
socio-economic
driving
forces
behind
emissions.
Based
life
cycle
model
index
decomposition
method,
this
study
established
framework
for
emissions,
which
includes
four
components.
We
used
construct
emission
inventory
17
different
products
9
cities
Pearl
River
Delta
urban
agglomeration
China
from
2012
2021,
analyzed
main
drivers
intensity,
population,
affluence.
results
showed
that
Zhaoqing
had
highest
overall
reaching
165.19
Gg
P,
accounting
28.55%
total
over
past
decade.
an
trend
first
increasing
then
decreasing,
54.99
P
year-1
62.36
2017,
decreasing
55.48
2021.
Fertilizer
were
source
followed
by
industrial
crop
products.
indicated
intensity
was
primary
driver
decrease
effects
caused
affluence
population
growth
gradually
offset
reduction
achieved
intensity.
Over
time,
marginal
benefits
would
diminish,
while
strengthen,
potentially
leading
further
Therefore,
we
emphasize
need
continue
reducing
future
innovate
technologies
reduce
dependence
fertilizer
economic
development,
thus
decoupling
Sustainable Cities and Society,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
107, P. 105445 - 105445
Published: April 18, 2024
This
review
delves
into
the
integration
prospects
of
Urban
Metabolism
(UM)
with
industry
4.0
technologies,
particularly
digital
twin
(DT),
to
bolster
sustainable
urban
development.
Embracing
a
DT
framework
can
enable
visualization
interdependencies
within
civil
systems,
facilitating
prediction
interventions
mitigate
future
climate
change
impacts.
Therefore,
scope
this
was
determine
how
UM
results
are
represented
end
users,
such
as
architects,
and
engineers
evaluate
if
these
methods
align
practices.
Initially,
we
analyzed
70
studies
investigate
techniques
employed.
Trends
revealed
minimal
Industry
technologies
or
DTs.
The
findings
underscored
lack
dynamic
geographically
oriented
in
UM,
static
representation
like
bar
charts
Sankey
diagrams
prevailing,
mostly
disconnected
from
geographical
location
flows
represented.
Consequently,
research
further
expanded
explicitly
use
emerging
4.0,
including
DTs,
using
targeted
words.
An
extended
showed
gap
although
an
increased
mapping
depicted.
There
inconsistency
adoption
specific
methods,
highlighting
ongoing
area.
geographic
information
system
(GIS)
light
detection
ranging
(LiDAR)
marked
pivotal
for
more
elaborate
outcomes.
Limited
application
visualizations
persists,
MFA
diagrams,
being
commonly
used
despite
need
develop
type
sustainability
field.
is
obvious
interoperability
Computer-Aided
Design
(CAD)
software
well
Building
Information
Model
(BIM)
software,
which
standard
tools
planning
design.
limitation
significant
environments
where
ability
modify
scenarios
work
precise
spatial
representations
crucial.
We
argue
that
be
effective
integrated
DT,
resolve
issue
describe
contextualizing
it
potentially
depicting
real-time.
Additionally,
DTs
offer
promising
solution
by
integrating
analysis
modifications
3-dimensional
environment
based
on
information.
capability
empowers
planners
designers
conduct
simulations,
update
analyses,
iterate
design
process,
aligning
contemporary
practices
Given
interdisciplinary
nature
includes
various
concepts
flows,
city
networks,
our
study
deliberately
focuses
solely
its
associated
frameworks.
approach
may
limit
breadth
explored,
but
ensures
depth
coherence
study.
