Breast cancer development and progression: Risk factors, cancer stem cells, signaling pathways, genomics, and molecular pathogenesis

Genes & Diseases, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 77 - 106

Published: May 12, 2018

As the most commonly occurring cancer in women worldwide, breast poses a formidable public health challenge on global scale. Breast consists of group biologically and molecularly heterogeneous diseases originated from breast. While risk factors associated with this varies respect to other cancers, genetic predisposition, notably mutations

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial metabolism and cancer

Cell Research, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 28(3), P. 265 - 280

Published: Dec. 8, 2017

Glycolysis has long been considered as the major metabolic process for energy production and anabolic growth in cancer cells. Although such a view instrumental development of powerful imaging tools that are still used clinics, it is now clear mitochondria play key role oncogenesis. Besides exerting central bioenergetic functions, provide indeed building blocks tumor anabolism, control redox calcium homeostasis, participate transcriptional regulation, govern cell death. Thus, constitute promising targets novel anticancer agents. However, tumors arise, progress, respond to therapy context an intimate crosstalk with host immune system, many immunological functions rely on intact mitochondrial metabolism. Here, we review cell-intrinsic cell-extrinsic mechanisms through which influence all steps oncogenesis, focus therapeutic potential targeting metabolism therapy.

Language: Английский

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ABC Transporters in Cancer Stem Cells: Beyond Chemoresistance

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 18(11), P. 2362 - 2362

Published: Nov. 8, 2017

The efficacy of chemotherapy is one the main challenges in cancer treatment and major obstacles to overcome achieving lasting remission a definitive cure patients with emergence resistance. Indeed, drug resistance ultimately accountable for poor outcomes tumour relapse. There are various molecular mechanisms involved multidrug resistance, such as change activity membrane transporters primarily belonging ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter family. In addition, it has been proposed that this common feature could be attributed subpopulation slow-cycling stem cells (CSCs), endowed enhanced tumorigenic potential CSCs characterized by overexpression specific surface markers vary different cell types. Overexpression ABC reported several cancers more predominantly CSCs. While focus on role played polarized their involvement chemoresistance, emerging evidence supports active these proteins, which they release bioactive molecules extracellular milieu. This review will outline our current understanding CSCs, how expression regulated support malignant metabolic phenotype. To summarize, we suggest increased may have precise functional roles provide opportunity target, particularly cells, using inhibitors.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of AMPK in the maintenance of ATP balance during energy metabolism

Cell Biology International, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 42(4), P. 384 - 392

Published: Dec. 5, 2017

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a conserved sensor of cellular energy change and activated by increased AMP/ATP and/or ADP/ATP ratios. AMPK maintains the balance decreasing ATP-consuming processes such as transcription synthetic fat genes rRNA, translation ribosomal proteins, synthesis cholesterol fatty acid, while metabolic pathways glucose transport, acid oxidation, autophagy, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism are to preserve ATP during deficiency. Recent advance has demonstrated that activity close association with initiation progression in various cancers. Here we review mechanisms controls through regulating consumption, further discuss deregulation

Language: Английский

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Cancer Stem Cells and Radioresistance: DNA Repair and Beyond

Cancers, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 862 - 862

Published: June 21, 2019

The current preclinical and clinical findings demonstrate that, in addition to the conventional pathological indicators that have a prognostic value radiation oncology, number of cancer stem cells (CSCs) their inherent radioresistance are important parameters for local control after radiotherapy. In this review, we discuss molecular mechanisms CSC attributable DNA repair development CSC-targeted therapies tumor radiosensitization. We also challenges translational research including high inter- intratumoral heterogeneity, plasticity CSCs, microenvironment-stimulated cell reprogramming.

Language: Английский

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Chemotherapy: a double-edged sword in cancer treatment

Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 71(3), P. 507 - 526

Published: Aug. 5, 2021

Language: Английский

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BRCA Genes: The Role in Genome Stability, Cancer Stemness and Therapy Resistance

Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 2109 - 2127

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Carcinogenesis is a multistep process, and tumors frequently harbor multiple mutations regulating genome integrity, cell division death.The integrity of cellular closely controlled by the mechanisms DNA damage signaling repair.The association breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 BRCA2 with ovarian development was first demonstrated over 20 years ago.Since then germline within these were linked to genomic instability increased risk many other types.Genomic an engine oncogenic transformation non-tumorigenic cells into tumor-initiating further tumor evolution.In this review we discuss biological functions role BRCA in initiation, regulation stemness, therapy resistance progression.

Language: Английский

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Triggered ferroptotic polymer micelles for reversing multidrug resistance to chemotherapy

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 223, P. 119486 - 119486

Published: Sept. 7, 2019

Language: Английский

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CSC Radioresistance: A Therapeutic Challenge to Improve Radiotherapy Effectiveness in Cancer

Cells, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. 1651 - 1651

Published: July 9, 2020

Radiotherapy (RT) is a modality of oncologic treatment that can be used to treat approximately 50% all cancer patients either alone or in combination with other modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and therapeutic targeting. Despite the technological advances RT, which allow more precise delivery radiation while progressively minimizing impact on normal tissues, issues like radioresistance tumor recurrence remain important challenges. Tumor heterogeneity responsible for variation response different subpopulations. A main factor related presence stem cells (CSC) inside tumors, are metastases, relapses, RT failure, poor prognosis patients. The plasticity CSCs, process highly dependent epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated cell dedifferentiation, complicates identification eradication CSCs it might involved disease relapse progression after irradiation. microenvironment interactions their niches also play an role RT. This review provides deep insight into characteristics mechanisms both primary metastasis radiation, radiobiological principles CSC Finally, we summarize major clinical trials development CSC-based therapies combined overcome radioresistance. better understanding potential targets radiosensitization will provide safer efficient strategies, turn improve live expectancy curability

Language: Английский

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Environmental chemicals, breast cancer progression and drug resistance

Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Nov. 17, 2020

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common causes in world and second leading cause deaths among women. Mortality associated mainly with development metastases. Identification mechanisms involved metastasis formation is, therefore, a major public health issue. Among proposed risk factors, chemical environment pollution are increasingly suggested to have an effect on signaling pathways metastatic tumor cells emergence progression. The purpose this article summarize current knowledge about role environmental chemicals breast progression, resistance chemotherapy. Through scoping review, we highlight effects wide variety toxicants, including persistent organic pollutants endocrine disruptors, invasion processes BC. We identified epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition cancer-stemness (the stem cell-like phenotype tumors), two suspected playing key roles metastases linked chemoresistance, as potential targets contaminants. discuss then recently described pro-migratory pro-invasive Ah receptor pathway conclude that his BC progression still controversial. In conclusion, although several pertinent for xenobiotics been identified, actions multiple other molecules remain be established. integral exposome needs further explored through additional relevant epidemiological studies can extended molecular mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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