Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(4), P. 473 - 473
Published: March 28, 2024
Cancer
is
a
persistent
global
disease
and
threat
to
the
human
species,
with
numerous
cases
reported
every
year.
Over
recent
decades,
steady
but
slowly
increasing
mortality
rate
has
been
observed.
While
many
attempts
have
made
using
conventional
methods
alone
as
theragnostic
strategy,
they
yielded
very
little
success.
Most
of
shortcomings
such
can
be
attributed
high
demands
industrial
growth
ever-increasing
environmental
pollution.
This
requires
some
high-tech
biomedical
interventions
other
solutions.
Thus,
researchers
compelled
explore
alternative
methods.
brought
much
attention
nanotechnology
applications,
specifically
magnetic
nanomaterials,
sole
or
conjugated
The
exponential
nanomaterials
overlapping
applications
in
various
fields
due
their
potential
properties,
which
depend
on
type
synthesis
route
used.
Either
top-down
bottom-up
strategies
synthesize
types
NPs.
only
branches
out
one
method,
i.e.,
physical,
two
methods,
chemical
biological
syntheses.
review
highlights
techniques,
nanoparticle
properties
each
technique
produces,
use
field,
more
for
cancer.
Despite
evident
drawbacks,
success
achieved
furthering
complex
cancer
stages
locations
unmatched.
Lung Cancer,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
154, P. 161 - 175
Published: Feb. 22, 2021
The
discovery
of
oncogenic
driver
mutations
rendering
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC)
targetable
by
small-molecule
inhibitors,
and
the
development
immunotherapies,
have
revolutionised
NSCLC
treatment.
Today,
instead
non-selective
chemotherapies,
all
patients
with
advanced
eligible
for
treatment
(and
increasing
numbers
earlier,
less
extensive
disease)
require
fast
comprehensive
screening
biomarkers
first-line
patient
selection
targeted
therapy,
chemotherapy,
or
immunotherapy
(with
without
chemotherapy).
To
avoid
unnecessary
re-biopsies,
biomarker
before
should
also
include
markers
that
are
actionable
from
second-line
onwards;
PD-L1
expression
testing
is
mandatory
initiating
Population
differences
exist
in
frequency
mutations:
EGFR
more
frequent
Asia
than
Europe,
whereas
converse
true
KRAS
mutations.
In
addition
to
approved
therapies,
a
number
emerging
therapies
being
investigated
clinical
trials.
Guidelines
vary
country,
targets
requirement
molecular
strategies
expected
increase.
meet
diagnostic
demands,
rapid
technologies
single-driver
been
implemented.
Improvements
DNA-
RNA-based
next-generation
sequencing
enable
analysis
group
genes
one
assay;
however,
turnaround
times
remain
relatively
long.
Consequently,
implemented
alongside
sequencing.
Further
challenges
evolving
landscape
primary
secondary
resistance
mechanisms
therapies.
Therefore,
on
collected
at
time
disease
progression,
combination
circulating
tumour
DNA
may
provide
important
information
guide
second-
third-line
Furthermore,
longitudinal
can
insights
into
evolution
heterogeneity
during
course
disease.
We
summarise
best
practice
Europe
changing
diagnosis
The Innovation,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
3(4), P. 100259 - 100259
Published: May 6, 2022
Effective
screening
modalities
are
currently
available
for
only
a
small
subset
of
cancers,
and
they
generally
have
suboptimal
performance
with
complicated
procedures.
Therefore,
there
is
an
urgent
need
to
develop
simple,
accurate,
non-invasive
methods
early
detection
cancers.
Genetic
epigenetic
alterations
in
plasma
circulating
cell-free
DNA
(cfDNA)
shown
the
potential
revolutionize
cancers
facilitate
subsequent
diagnosis
improve
survival
patients.
The
medical
interest
cfDNA
assays
has
been
inspired
by
emerging
single-
multi-early
studies.
This
review
summarizes
current
technological
clinical
advances,
hopes
providing
insights
into
development
applications
various
scenarios.
key
phases
biomarkers
highlighted,
future
developments
cfDNA-based
liquid
biopsies
outlined.
It
hoped
that
this
study
can
boost
integration
workflow.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Feb. 21, 2023
The
high
morbidity
and
mortality
of
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC)
have
always
been
major
threats
to
people’s
health.
With
the
identification
carcinogenic
drivers
in
clinical
application
targeted
drugs,
prognosis
patients
has
greatly
improved.
However,
a
large
number
cases,
driver
is
unknown.
Identifying
genetic
alterations
critical
for
effective
individualized
therapy
NSCLC.
Moreover,
drugs
are
difficult
apply
clinic.
Cancer
drug
resistance
an
unavoidable
obstacle
limiting
efficacy
drugs.
This
review
describes
mechanisms
targeted-drug
newly
identified
targets
(e.g.,
KRAS
G12C,
NGRs,
DDRs,
CLIP1-LTK,
PELP1,
STK11/LKB1,
NFE2L2/KEAP1,
RICTOR,
PTEN,
RASGRF1,
LINE-1,
SphK1).
Research
into
these
will
drive
treatment
generate
better
outcomes.
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(13), P. 3474 - 3474
Published: July 3, 2023
Non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC)
is
a
significant
public
health
concern
with
high
mortality
rates.
Recent
advancements
in
genomic
data,
bioinformatics
tools,
and
the
utilization
of
biomarkers
have
improved
possibilities
for
early
diagnosis,
effective
treatment,
follow-up
NSCLC.
Biomarkers
play
crucial
role
precision
medicine
by
providing
measurable
indicators
disease
characteristics,
enabling
tailored
treatment
strategies.
The
integration
big
data
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
further
enhances
potential
personalized
through
advanced
biomarker
analysis.
However,
challenges
remain
impact
new
on
efficacy
due
to
limited
evidence.
Data
analysis,
interpretation,
adoption
approaches
clinical
practice
pose
additional
emphasize
technologies
such
as
analysis
(AI),
which
enhance
Despite
these
obstacles,
into
has
shown
promising
results
NSCLC,
improving
patient
outcomes
targeted
therapies.
Continued
research
discovery,
utilization,
evidence
generation
are
necessary
overcome
medicine.
Addressing
obstacles
will
contribute
continued
improvement
non-small
cancer.
Frontiers in Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Jan. 6, 2023
Astatine-211
(
211
At)
has
physical
properties
that
make
it
one
of
the
top
candidates
for
use
as
a
radiation
source
alpha
particle-based
radionuclide
therapy,
also
referred
to
targeted
therapy
(TAT).
Here,
we
summarize
main
results
completed
clinical
trials,
further
describe
ongoing
and
discuss
future
prospects.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(4), P. 2316 - 2316
Published: Feb. 15, 2024
Glioblastoma,
a
grade
4
glioma
as
per
the
World
Health
Organization,
poses
challenge
in
adult
primary
brain
tumor
management
despite
advanced
surgical
techniques
and
multimodal
therapies.
This
review
delves
into
potential
of
targeting
epidermal
growth
factor
receptor
(EGFR)
with
small-molecule
inhibitors
antibodies
treatment
strategy.
EGFR,
mutationally
active
tyrosine
kinase
over
50%
glioblastoma
cases,
features
variants
like
EGFRvIII,
EGFRvII
missense
mutations,
necessitating
deep
understanding
their
structures
signaling
pathways.
Although
EGFR
have
demonstrated
efficacy
other
cancers,
application
is
hindered
by
blood–brain
barrier
penetration
intrinsic
resistance.
The
evolving
realm
nanodrugs
convection-enhanced
delivery
offers
promise
ensuring
precise
drug
to
brain.
Critical
success
identification
patient
populations
that
benefit
from
inhibitors.
Tools
radiolabeled
anti-EGFR
antibody
806i
facilitate
visualization
conformations,
aiding
tailored
selection.
Recognizing
synergistic
combination
therapies
downstream
targets
mTOR,
PI3k,
HDACs
pivotal
for
enhancing
inhibitor
efficacy.
In
conclusion,
era
precision
oncology
holds
glioblastoma,
contingent
on
treatments,
effective
navigation,
exploration
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(2), P. 297 - 297
Published: Jan. 27, 2024
This
review
comprehensively
explores
the
intricate
landscape
of
anaplastic
lymphoma
kinase
(ALK),
focusing
specifically
on
its
pivotal
role
in
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC).
Tracing
ALK's
discovery,
from
fusion
with
nucleolar
phosphoprotein
(NPM)-1
large
non-Hodgkin's
(ALCL)
1994,
elucidates
subsequent
impact
ALK
gene
alterations
various
malignancies,
including
inflammatory
myofibroblastoma
and
NSCLC.
Approximately
3-5%
NSCLC
patients
exhibit
complex
rearrangements,
leading
to
approval
six
ALK-tyrosine
inhibitors
(TKIs)
by
2022,
revolutionizing
treatment
for
advanced
metastatic
+
Notably,
second-generation
TKIs
such
as
alectinib,
ceritinib,
brigatinib
have
emerged
address
resistance
issues
initially
associated
pioneer
ALK-TKI,
crizotinib.
