Evaluation of Advanced Nanomaterials for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment DOI Creative Commons
N Ndlovu, W. B. Mdlalose, Bulelwa Ntsendwana

et al.

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 473 - 473

Published: March 28, 2024

Cancer is a persistent global disease and threat to the human species, with numerous cases reported every year. Over recent decades, steady but slowly increasing mortality rate has been observed. While many attempts have made using conventional methods alone as theragnostic strategy, they yielded very little success. Most of shortcomings such can be attributed high demands industrial growth ever-increasing environmental pollution. This requires some high-tech biomedical interventions other solutions. Thus, researchers compelled explore alternative methods. brought much attention nanotechnology applications, specifically magnetic nanomaterials, sole or conjugated The exponential nanomaterials overlapping applications in various fields due their potential properties, which depend on type synthesis route used. Either top-down bottom-up strategies synthesize types NPs. only branches out one method, i.e., physical, two methods, chemical biological syntheses. review highlights techniques, nanoparticle properties each technique produces, use field, more for cancer. Despite evident drawbacks, success achieved furthering complex cancer stages locations unmatched.

Language: Английский

Proton therapy (PT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer with negative driver genes DOI Creative Commons

Yonglong Jin,

Shosei Shimizu, Yinuo Li

et al.

Radiation Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

Abstract Purpose To discuss the optimal treatment modality for inoperable locally advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients with poor physical status, impaired cardio-pulmonary function, and negative driver genes, provide clinical evidence. Materials methods Retrospective analysis of 62 cases non-small cell lung cancer genes treated at Tsukuba University Hospital(Japan) Qingdao Affiliated Hospital(China).The former received proton therapy concurrent chemotherapy, referred to as group, 25 included; while latter underwent X-ray chemoradiotherapy followed by 1 year sequential immunomodulatory maintenance therapy, 37 included.The response adverse reactions were assessed using RECIST v1.1 criteria CTCAE v3.0, radiotherapy planning evaluation organs risk performed CB-CHOP method.All data subjected statistical GraphPad Prism v9.0, a T-test P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results (1)Target dose distribution: compared group exhibited smaller CTV field sizes, more pronounced bragg peak.(2)Organs dose: When comparing doses (V5, V20, MLD) heart (V40, Dmax) lower, significance ( 0.05), spinal cord esophagus showed no significant differences between two groups > 0.05).(3)Treatment-related toxicities: The incidence grade 3 or higher events in was 28.6% 4.2%, respectively, difference 0.05). In terms types events, primarily experienced esophagitis pneumonia, esophagitis, myocarditis. Both did not experience radiation myelitis esophagotracheal fistula.(4)Efficacy evaluation: RR 68.1% 70.2%, respectively DCR 92.2% 86.4%, indicating short-term efficacy modalities.(5)Survival status: PFS 31.6 ± 3.5 months (95% CI: 24.7 ~ 38.5) 24.9 1.55 21.9 27.9), OS 51.6 4.62 42.5 60.7) 33.1 1.99 29.2 37.1), 0.05).According annual-specific analysis, rates first third years both follows: 100%, 56.1% 32.5% vs. 54.3% 26.3% group. No observed each time point 0.05).The 88.2%, 76.4% 91.4%, 46.3% There second but Survival curve graphs also depicted similar trend. Conclusion within years. However, demonstrated clear advantage over year. This suggests suitable evidence populations frail health, compromised post-COVID-19 sequelae, underlying comorbidities.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Modeling Costs and Life-Years Gained by Population-Wide Next-Generation Sequencing or Single-Gene Testing in Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the United States DOI Creative Commons
Christopher A. Lemmon, Jie Zhou, Brian P. Hobbs

et al.

JCO Precision Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Many patients with actionable driver oncogenes (ADOs) are never identified and thus receive targeted treatment. This study evaluated the economic impact potential life-years gained (LYG) that can be attributed to extent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing in United States compared single-gene (SGT) metastatic nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer States.A model was developed evaluate incremental rates SGT or NSG on basis LYG cost per LYG. ADOs included for NGS EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, RET, MET, NTRK. EGFR ALK. Assumptions were made expected incidence ADOs. Survival distributions fit published trial averages median 5-year overall survival. Treatment costs estimated from drug averages. Reimbursement based data Center Medicare Medicaid Services.Each 10% increase produces an average 2,627.4 additional LYG, savings $75 US dollars (USD). Replacing at current rate 80% would result 21,09.6 reduce by $599 USD. If 100% eligible tested each patient had matched treatment, total $16,641.57 USD.On evidence, population-level simulations demonstrate clinically relevant gains survival non-negligible reduction obtainable widespread adoption appropriate treatment matching advanced cancer.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
UCP2 promotes NSCLC proliferation and glycolysis via the mTOR/HIF‐1α signaling DOI Creative Commons
Cailu Song, Qing Liu, Jing Qin

et al.

Cancer Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3)

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Abstract Background Metabolic disturbance is a hallmark of cancers. Targeting key metabolic pathways and metabolism‐related molecular could be potential therapeutic approach. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) plays pivotal part in the malignancy cancer its capacity to develop resistance pharmaceutical interventions. However, it unclear about mechanism how UCP2 acts tumor growth reprogramming process non‐small cell lung (NSCLC). Methods Here, we conducted qRT‐PCR investigate expression both NSCLC tissues lines. Subsequent functional studies including colony formation assay, CCK‐8 glycolysis assay were functions NSCLC. The regulatory toward mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 alpha (HIF‐1α) signaling was confirmed through western blotting. Results We observed significant upregulation increased has strong association with worse outlook. Silencing remarkably dampened proliferation capacities. Mechanically, promoted tumorigenesis partially via regulating mTOR/HIF‐1α axis. Conclusion Taken together, explored as well mechanisms UCP2/mTOR/HIF‐1α axis progression, uncovering biological signatures targets for treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Impact of smoking cessation duration on lung cancer mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons

Hongkun Lai,

Quanzhen Liu,

Q Y Ye

et al.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 196, P. 104323 - 104323

Published: March 8, 2024

Smoking history is a heterogeneous situation for different populations, and numerous studies suggest that smoking cessation conducive to reduce the mortality of lung cancer. However, no quantitative meta-analysis regarding duration based on populations has demonstrated it clearly. We systematically searched four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials, Scoups) till February 2023. Eligible reported association between cancer survival cessation. Additionally, we stratified study population according whether they had at time quit smoking. Studies were pooled with random-effects model. Out 11,361 potential initially identified, included 24 involving 969,560 individuals in our analysis. Lung varied across two groups: general quitters peri-diagnosis quitters. For quitters, those who less than 10 years exhibited an RR 0.64 (95% CI [0.55-0.76]), while 10-20 0.33 (0.25-0.43), over 20 0.16 (0.11-0.24), never-smokers 0.11 (0.07-0.15). Among 1-year Overall Survival (OS) showed 0.80 (0.67-0.96), 2-year OS 0.89 (0.80-0.98), 3-year 0.93 (0.84-1.03), 5-year 0.85 (0.76-0.96). Earlier longer associated reduced mortality, matter which stage populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Evaluation of Advanced Nanomaterials for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment DOI Creative Commons
N Ndlovu, W. B. Mdlalose, Bulelwa Ntsendwana

et al.

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 473 - 473

Published: March 28, 2024

Cancer is a persistent global disease and threat to the human species, with numerous cases reported every year. Over recent decades, steady but slowly increasing mortality rate has been observed. While many attempts have made using conventional methods alone as theragnostic strategy, they yielded very little success. Most of shortcomings such can be attributed high demands industrial growth ever-increasing environmental pollution. This requires some high-tech biomedical interventions other solutions. Thus, researchers compelled explore alternative methods. brought much attention nanotechnology applications, specifically magnetic nanomaterials, sole or conjugated The exponential nanomaterials overlapping applications in various fields due their potential properties, which depend on type synthesis route used. Either top-down bottom-up strategies synthesize types NPs. only branches out one method, i.e., physical, two methods, chemical biological syntheses. review highlights techniques, nanoparticle properties each technique produces, use field, more for cancer. Despite evident drawbacks, success achieved furthering complex cancer stages locations unmatched.

Language: Английский

Citations

7