Reference Intervals for Blood Biomarkers in Farmed Atlantic Salmon, Coho Salmon and Rainbow Trout in Chile: Promoting a Preventive Approach in Aquamedicine

Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 1066 - 1066

Published: July 18, 2022

The mission of veterinary clinical pathology is to support the diagnostic process by using tests measure different blood biomarkers decision making about farmed fish health and welfare. objective this study provide reference intervals (RIs) for 44 key hematological, biochemistry, gasometry hormones three most economically important salmonid species in Chile (Atlantic salmon, coho salmon rainbow trout) during freshwater (presmolt smolt age range) seawater stages (post-smolt adult range). Our results confirmed that concentration or activity depend on species, range and/or interaction between them, they are often biologically related each other. Erythogram leukogram profiles revealed a similar distribution trout but those Atlantic were significantly different. While clinically plasma enzymes demonstrated profile trout, distribution. Plasma electrolyte mineral showed significant differences especially while high degree similarity. Furthermore, electrolytes, minerals ranges, suggesting considerably seawater-farmed fish. RIs healthy described take into account biological variation Chile, as 3.059 individuals came from 78 farms, both seawater, samples collected same pre-analytical protocol. Likewise, our provides Chilean farming industry with standardized protocols can be used routinely valuable information improve preventive vision aquamedicine through application optimize health, welfare husbandry management industry.

Language: Английский

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Changes in blood serum parameters in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during a piscine lactococcosis outbreak

Journal of Fish Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(10)

Published: July 2, 2024

The aquaculture sector plays a vital role in global food security, yet it grapples with significant challenges posed by infectious diseases. Piscine lactococcosis is one of the threats rainbow trout due to its potential cause severe economic losses through mortalities, reduced growth rates, and increased susceptibility other pathogens. It poses disease management strategies, impacting sustainability profitability farming. current study focuses on variations serum blood parameters farmed Oncorhynchus mykiss during outbreak caused Lactococcus garvieae. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis, fish examined parasites bacteria, DNA from bacterial colonies was PCR-amplified sequenced identification. Overall, 13 parameters, including proteins, enzymes, lipids, chemicals, minerals, measured both diseased healthy fish. results indicate alterations levels these outbreak, highlighting impact infections profile trout. Urea significantly higher compared controls, creatinine, phosphorus, magnesium also showed similar trends. Alanine aminotransferase total protein control Chloride differed between groups. Iron controls lower No differences found parameters. This reveals changes L. These highlight as tools monitoring health status, stress, management. Continuous can provide valuable insights into severity overall health, aiding development improved practices. presented data contribute understanding pathophysiology piscine developing effective mitigation strategies

Language: Английский

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Silver nanoparticle toxicity in rainbow trout: insights into physiological and molecular responses

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Metallic nanoparticles, with their large surface area to volume ratio, are increasingly important in various life fields, but they can cause varying toxic effects on fish. This study investigates the toxicological of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) rainbow trout (

Language: Английский

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Dietary Arginine Modulates Growth Performance, Hemato-Biochemical Indices, Intestinal Enzymes, Antioxidant Ability and Gene Expression of TOR and 4E-BP1 in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Fingerlings

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: June 10, 2022

We evaluated the effect of arginine on growth, hemato-biochemical variables, intestinal enzymes, antioxidant ability, and expression target rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway related genes in fingerling Oncorhynchus mykiss . A series six uniform diets consisting 450 g kg -1 protein 20.9 energy with graduated levels (10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 22.5 ) were formulated. Significant ( p < 0.05) variations observed various analyzed parameters. Growth parameters showed a positive linear trend increasing up to 17.5 Fish offered dietary exhibited highest body protein, lowest moisture, intermediate fat contents, whereas, ash content did not significantly > change respect each diet, except for levels. Each group also produced significant changes their hematological variables maximum hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct) content, red blood cell (RBC) count noted at diet. Although majority plasma insignificantly different varied fed diets, aspartate transaminase (AST) across treatments. Moreover, total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) albumin contents increased concentrations and, thereafter, declined these noted. Intestinal enzymes properties variations, amylase, which insignificant variation. The up-regulation TOR 4E-BP1 gene found fish compared lower (10.0 12.5 higher (20.0 levels, indicates that utilize more efficiently this point. Quadratic regression analysis live weight gain (LWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), efficiency (PER) deposition (BPD) indicated optimal requirement rainbow trout be 17.61 dry corresponding 39.13 enhances immunity, promote trout.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Supplementation of Vitamin A on Growth, Haemato-Biochemical Composition, and Antioxidant Ability in Cyprinus carpio var. communis

Aquaculture Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 12

Published: Sept. 14, 2022

Vitamin A requirement in fingerling common carp, Cyprinus carpio var. communis (1.64 ± 0.02 g; ABW SD), was evaluated by conducting a 10 week growth experiment. Casein-gelatin-based test diets representing six graded levels of vitamin (0, 0.03, 0.07, 0.11, 0.15, and 0.19 g/kg, dry diet) were designed fed to the triplicate group fish at 08:00 16:00 hrs rate 4% body weight per day. Growth parameters like live gain (LWG %), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency (PER), specific (SGR), deposition (BPD) improved significantly ( $P<0.05$ ) with each elevated dietary level found maximum along best- FCR 0.11 g/kg diet. Dietary also id="M2"> affected haematological fish. Highest haemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte count (RBC), haematocrit content (Hct lowest leucocyte (WBC) observed diet compared all diets. fat fingerlings containing Blood serum profile showed some significant id="M3"> differences elevating concentration levels. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine (ALT), cholesterol values decreased id="M4"> control However, except albumin other electrolytes id="M5"> maximal these evident Better value TBARS that Hepatosomatic index condition factor id="M6"> optimal dose Based on quadratic regression analysis LWG%, FCR, BPD, Hb, calcium C. against varying A, an optimum growth, best higher Ca lie range 0.10 0.12 diet, respectively. The data generated during this study would be important developing balanced for successful intensive culture communis.

Language: Английский

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Indexing hematological and serum biochemical reference intervals of Himalayan snow trout, Schizothorax esocinus to instrument in health assessment

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 24, 2023

Schizothorax esocinus, commonly known as snow trout, is one of the main contributors food and livelihood in colder zone Himalayan region. The comprehensive information on its hematological serum biochemical reference intervals not reported yet. In present study an attempt has been made to elucidate S. esocinus from River Jhelum using protocols American Society Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP). Wild fish were sampled over a period 2 years pollution free sites river Jhelum. Fish blood was harvested through caudal venipuncture hemato-biochemical analysis performed thereof. Data values total healthy 432 adult specimens (216 male, 216 female) systematically recorded. for parameters established Reference Value Advisor software v 2.1. RIs analytes ranged as: hemoglobin (Hb) 78.38-116.35 (g/L); white cells (WBC) 10-20 (×109/L); red (RBC) 1.30-2.15 (×1012/L); packed cell volume 27.00-39.45 (%); protein 39.21-61.62 albumin 8.20-22.02 globulin 27.58-49.55 glucose 3.25-7.18 (mmol/L); urea 0.96-2.38 cholesterol 3.80-6.90 (mmol/L). also depicted that certain measurands influenced with respect sex. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher Hb, count noted male compared female which, other hand, registered level (Mann Whitney U test, p 0.05). work, therefore, provides baseline this species which holds high commercial importance. here can help monitor health status by improving use non-lethal diagnostic methods piscine medicine.

Language: Английский

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The haematology of clinically healthy, farmed juvenile Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer Bloch)—reference intervals, and indicators of subclinical disease

Journal of Fish Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(10), P. 1109 - 1124

Published: July 14, 2023

This study establishes the blood reference intervals (RIs) for clinically healthy and farmed juvenile Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), within 4-6 weeks after stocking into flow-through, marine aquaculture systems. The 90% percentile RIs (n = 156, mean bodyweight 41.8 g) are as follows: glucose (GLU) 2.4-11.3 mmol/L, haematocrit (Hct) 18.9%-39.2%, haemoglobin concentration (Hb) 56.0-85.0 g/L, total plasma protein (TPP) 56.0-77.0 red cell (RBC) count 4.1-11.2 × 1012 /L, white (WBC) 5.3-69.9 109 lymphocytes 4.7-51.4 monocytes 0.3-16.2 /L heterophils 0.6-8.4 /L. Pearson's method analysis showed weak but significantly positive correlations between fish Hct, Hb, TPP RBC (p < 0.05). Histopathology of 42 156 used to derive RIs, with values range, did not exhibit any abnormal pathology. In contrast, histopathology from a different group L. calcarifer 72, 31.3 falling outside these established that 25% had severe, chronic granulomatous enteritis, 13% severely depleted lipid stores in their liver. Point biserial correlation this second 72 elevated WBC, monocyte heterophil counts reduced Hct levels associated 0.05) occurrence enteritis Reduced GLU were liver 0.05), corroborating period malnutrition. is among first establish healthy, detection subclinical diseases support early intervention.

Language: Английский

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Mitigating Aflatoxin B1-Induced Growth Impairment and Hepatic Stress in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Comparative Efficacy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Silicate-Based Detoxifiers

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Abstract The objective of this study was to detect the effects acute aflatoxin B 1 (AFB ) exposure in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus and effectiveness Saccharomyces cerevisiae silicate reducing these effects. Two hundred forty fingerlings (16 ± 0.5 g) were randomly assigned four experimental groups, each with 60 fish three replicates. Control basal diet (Diet 1) test diets formulated, where Diet 2 supplemented 200 ppb AFB . Diets 3 4 intoxicated (200 ppb) 0.5% S. or 0.5%, respectively. After days, had considerably greater growth characteristics than other groups p < 0.05). revealed a reduced 0.05) survival rate after month exposure. In addition, showed higher total protein albumin levels 4. residues detected liver fish-fed 2, 4, 3. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate creatinine, urea increased 2. glutathione peroxidase, lysozyme, catalase activity decreased malondialdehyde level significantly given Histopathological investigation impaired spleen; however, both treatments (Diets 4) successfully lowered inflammation preserved spleen integrities. conclusion, performance posed severe health risk tilapia. Furthermore, alleviated contamination more efficiently employed for toxin adsorption.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Biologger Attachment on the Stress and Health State of the Spotted Sea Bass Lateolabrax maculatus

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 793 - 793

Published: May 9, 2024

The biologger is a widely used tool in biotelemetry for investigating marine fish. However, studies reported that the attachment of biologgers has negative effect on target organisms. We assessed health status spotted sea bass with attached by analyzing changes their serum biochemistry and biomarker gene expression at varying biologger/fish body weight ratios. Especially, assessment using genes offers rapid evaluation condition an individual. bax, hsp70-2, Cx32.7, associated apoptosis, stress, immunity, were selected as to assess fish stress levels overall health. experimental groups included control group without (C) biologger-equipped groups, each carrying whose was 2.0–3.0% (W2), 5.0–6.0% (W5), 10.0–12.0% (W10) weight. Blood samples collected days 0, 1, 7, 14, 21 post-attachment. Cx32.7 analyzed liver muscle day 21. W10 showed significantly higher superoxide dismutase 1 glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase pyruvic 7 than other groups. On post-attachment, regardless ratio, tissues from W2, W5, those C, respectively. there no significant change blood parameters depending These results indicate gradually adapted weights up 10–12% under our conditions, providing clues determine timing release studies.

Language: Английский

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The use of cold-pressed linseed oil in combination with white lupine, which has undergone barohydrothermal treatment, as part of compound feeds for Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 86(2), P. 174 - 181

Published: June 6, 2024

The production costs of growing trout associated with feeding intensive commercial growth is 50-60% all costs, therefore, it necessary that fish give a high economic effect. Currently, due to the intensification commodity aquaculture, are increasing, and, as result, they increase its cost for consumer. Combageum enterprises forced search new highly effective components compound feeds provide body nutritional and biologically active substances, well high-quality proteins fats. To do this, plant introduced into composition feeds, among which concentrates occupy main place - grain after various processing, vegetable oils, etc. In this work, effectiveness use cold-pressed linseed oil in combination white lupine has undergone barohydrothermal treatment (BGTO), part feed rainbow (Oncorhynchus mykiss), where replaced 65% oil, was investigated. comparison made formulations: without inclusion 50% replacement rapeseed pure oil. barohydralthermic led an improvement fish-breeding biological indicators, also reduced feed. conducted hematological studies allow us assert there no negative effect lupin on physiological state trout. structure intestinal tissue samples had significant morphological changes. research allows conclude possible replace by up 65%.

Language: Английский

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