Soil multifunctionality is affected by the soil environment and by microbial community composition and diversity

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 136, P. 107521 - 107521

Published: June 26, 2019

Microorganisms are critical in mediating carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling processes soils. Yet, it has long been debated whether the underlying biogeochemical cycles affected by composition diversity of soil microbial community or not. The communities can be influenced various environmental factors, which turn known to impact processes. objectives this study were test effects multiple edaphic drivers individually represented as multivariate environment interacting with diversity, concomitantly on functions (i.e. enzyme activities, C N processes). We employed high-throughput sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) analyze bacterial/archaeal fungal targeting 16S rRNA gene ITS1 region soils collected from three land uses (cropland, grassland forest) deriving two bedrock forms (silicate limestone). Based data set we explored single combined variables structure well activities several found that both shaped same most representation exerting stronger than communities, demonstrated (partial) Mantel tests. also similar controls bacterial/archaeal/fungal richness diversity. Soil only directly but not composition. In contrast, significantly related richness/diversity environment. This indicates direct control indirect structuring communities. further highlights importance diversity) important

Language: Английский

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A Critical Review on the Multiple Roles of Manganese in Stabilizing and Destabilizing Soil Organic Matter

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55(18), P. 12136 - 12152

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Manganese (Mn) is a biologically important and redox-active metal that may exert poorly recognized control on carbon (C) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. influences ecosystem C dynamics by mediating biochemical pathways include photosynthesis, serving as reactive intermediate the breakdown of organic molecules, binding and/or oxidizing molecules through organo-mineral associations. However, potential for Mn to influence storage remains unresolved. Although substantial research has demonstrated ability Fe- Al-oxides stabilize matter, there scarcity similar information regarding Mn-oxides. Furthermore, Mn-mediated reactions regulate litter decomposition pathways, but these processes are constrained across diverse Here, we discuss ecological roles environments synthesize existing knowledge multiple which biogeochemical intersect. We demonstrate high degrade abiotic microbially mediated oxidation at least temporarily, outline priorities needed advance understanding Mn-C interactions, highlighting gaps address key uncertainties soil predictions.

Language: Английский

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Testing the dependence of microbial growth and carbon use efficiency on nitrogen availability, pH, and organic matter quality

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 134, P. 25 - 35

Published: March 9, 2019

Language: Английский

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Fungal community structure and function shifts with atmospheric nitrogen deposition

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 27(7), P. 1349 - 1364

Published: Nov. 7, 2020

Abstract Fungal decomposition of soil organic matter depends on nitrogen (N) availability. This ecosystem process is being jeopardized by changes in N inputs that have resulted from a tripling atmospheric deposition the last century. Soil fungi are impacted due to higher availability, as soils acidified, or micronutrients become increasingly limiting. communities persist with chronic may be enriched traits enable them tolerate environmental stress, which trade‐off enabling decomposition. We hypothesized fungal would respond shifting community composition and functional gene abundances toward those stress but weak decomposers. sampled at seven eastern US hardwood forests where ambient varied 3.2 12.6 kg ha −1 year , five also experimental plots was simulated through fertilizer application treatments (25–50 ). responses across gradient. biomass richness increased sites low decreased high deposition. genes involved hydrolysis while oxidation decreased. One four generalized abiotic tolerance In summary, we found divergent response depended levels. biomass, richness, oxidative enzyme potential were reduced suggesting pushed beyond an threshold. structure function enrichment regional scale.

Language: Английский

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Metallic micronutrients are associated with the structure and function of the soil microbiome

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

The relationship between metallic micronutrients and soil microorganisms, thereby functioning, has been little explored. Here, we investigate the (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo Ni) abundance, diversity function of microbiomes. In a survey across 180 sites in China, covering wide range conditions structure microbiome are highly correlated with micronutrients, especially Fe, followed by Cu Zn. These results robust to controlling for pH, which is often reported as most important predictor microbiome. An incubation experiment Fe Zn additions five different types also shows that increased micronutrient concentration affects microbial community composition functional genes. addition, structural equation models indicate positively contribute ecosystem productivity, both directly (micronutrient availability plants) and, lesser extent, indirectly (via affecting microbiome). Our findings highlight importance explaining functioning.

Language: Английский

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Increasing rates of long‐term nitrogen deposition consistently increased litter decomposition in a semi‐arid grassland

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 229(1), P. 296 - 307

Published: Aug. 7, 2020

Summary The continuing nitrogen (N) deposition observed worldwide alters ecosystem nutrient cycling and functioning. Litter decomposition is a key process contributing to these changes, but the numerous mechanisms for altered remain poorly identified. We assessed different with experiment using litter from four abundant species ( Achnatherum sibiricum , Agropyron cristatum Leymus chinensis Stipa grandis ) mixtures representing treatment‐specific community composition in semi‐arid grassland under long‐term simulation of six rates N deposition. Decomposition increased consistently increasing addition all types. Higher soil manganese (Mn) availability, which apparently was consequence addition‐induced lower pH, most important factor faster decomposition. Soil C : ratios were that subsequently led markedly higher bacterial fungal ratios, also stimulated Several factors contributed jointly response Shifts plant quality played minor role compared N‐driven reductions pH N, Mn availability microbial structure. soil‐driven effect on reported here may have long‐lasting impacts cycling, organic matter dynamics

Language: Английский

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Decomposition of leaf litter mixtures across biomes: The role of litter identity, diversity and soil fauna

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 108(6), P. 2283 - 2297

Published: June 25, 2020

Abstract At broad spatial scales, the factors regulating litter decomposition remain ambiguous, with understanding of these largely based on studies investigating site‐specific single species, whereas using multi species mixtures across sites are rare. We exposed in microcosms containing and all possible four leaf differing widely initial chemical physical characteristics from a temperate forest to climatic conditions different forests Northern Hemisphere for 1 year. Calcium, magnesium condensed tannins predicted mass loss types biomes, regardless richness microarthropod presence. However, relative mixture effects differed among varied access by microarthropods. Access microarthropods modified individual within mixtures, which independent composition mixtures. soil generally only little affected decomposition. Synthesis . conclude that identity is dominant driver non‐additive vary biomes despite identical chemistry. These results suggest large scales environmental context decomposing including communities, determine besides strong trait‐based effects.

Language: Английский

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Predicting Plant-Soil Feedback in the Field: Meta-Analysis Reveals That Competition and Environmental Stress Differentially Influence PSF

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: June 30, 2020

Past research on plant-soil feedbacks (PSF), largely undertaken in highly controlled greenhouse conditions, has established that plant species differentially alter abiotic and biotic soil conditions turn affect growth of other conspecific heterospecific individuals soil. Yet, whether under reflect natural environments where plants are exposed to a range pressures is still unresolved. To address how environmental context affects PSF, we conducted meta-analysis previously published studies examined responses multiple forms competition, stress, disturbance across various PSF methodology. We asked the following questions: 1) Can direction and/or strength PSF? 2) Do particular types or more than others? 3) methods conducting (i.e., vs. field experiments source inoculum conditioning from greenhouse) disturbance, their interactions? discovered four patterns may be predictive what future realistic might reveal. First, relatively little known about responds stress compared plant-plant competition. Second, specific competition enhanced negative effects microbes growth, stressors positive growth. Third, can change responses. And, fourth, phase With detail shown, these results confirm writ large experiments. These data should aid theory predictions for conservation restoration applications by showing relative importance over time. Lastly, demonstrate variation experimental interpretation conclusions studies.

Language: Английский

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Macromolecular Characterization of Compound Selectivity for Oxidation and Oxidative Alterations of Dissolved Organic Matter by Manganese Oxide

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55(11), P. 7741 - 7751

Published: May 11, 2021

Manganese (Mn) oxides can oxidize dissolved organic matter (DOM) and alter its chemical properties microbial degradability, but the compound selectivity for oxidation oxidative alterations remain to be determined. We applied ultrahigh mass spectrometry catalog macromolecular composition of Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) before after by a Mn oxide (δ-MnO2) at pH 4 or 6. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polyphenols, carbohydrates were more reactive in reducing δ-MnO2 than highly unsaturated phenolic (HuPh) compounds aliphatics, abundant HuPh contributed most (∼50%) overall reduction δ-MnO2. On average, oxidized species had higher molecular weights, aromaticity, carbon unsaturation degree, nominal state carbon, oxygen nitrogen contents lower hydrogen content compared unoxidized species. The decreased these indices increased content, with stronger changes pH. This DOM on polar mineral surfaces was selective shared similar rules adsorption. abiotic resembles degradation matter, oxide-oxidizable may useful index detection identification labile carbon.

Language: Английский

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Experimental nitrogen fertilisation globally accelerates, then slows decomposition of leaf litter

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 802 - 811

Published: Feb. 14, 2021

Abstract Plant litter decomposition is a central process in the carbon (C) cycle and sensitive to ongoing anthropogenic nitrogen (N) fertilisation. Previous syntheses evaluating effect of N fertilisation on relied largely models that define constant rate mass loss throughout decomposition, which may mask hypothesised shifts dynamics. In this meta‐analysis, we compared performance four empirical showed consistently accelerates early‐stage but slows late‐stage when model structure allows for flexibility rates through time. Within particular substrate, N‐stimulation was associated with reduced decay. Because products early‐ vs. are stabilised soils distinct chemical physical mechanisms, N‐induced changes influence formation cycling soil C, largest terrestrial C pool.

Language: Английский

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