Plant phosphorus-acquisition and -use strategies affect soil carbon cycling

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(10), P. 899 - 906

Published: July 7, 2021

Language: Английский

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Deconstructing the microbial necromass continuum to inform soil carbon sequestration

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(6), P. 1396 - 1410

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Abstract Microbial necromass is a large, dynamic and persistent component of soil organic carbon, the dominant terrestrial carbon pool. Quantification stocks its susceptibility to global change becoming standard practice in research. However, typical proxies used for do not reveal nature flows transformations within that ultimately determine persistence. In this review, we define deconstruct four stages continuum: production, recycling, stabilization destabilization. Current understanding dynamics described each continuum stage. We highlight recent advances, methodological limitations knowledge gaps which need be addressed pool sizes transformations. discuss controls on process rates aspects microscale structure including biofilms food web interactions. The relative importance stage then compared contrasting ecosystems climate drivers. From perspective continuum, draw three conclusions inform future First, persistence are more clearly defined when viewed through lens continuum; second, destabilization least understood with recycling also poorly evidenced outside few ecosystems; third, response unresolved most ecosystems. Future mechanistic research focused role biotic abiotic determining organo–mineral organo–organo interactions can different scenarios. Our review demonstrates deconstructing key predicting vulnerability changing world. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Increasing contribution of microbial residues to soil organic carbon in grassland restoration chronosequence

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 170, P. 108688 - 108688

Published: April 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Temperature effects on carbon storage are controlled by soil stabilisation capacities

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 18, 2021

Physical and chemical stabilisation mechanisms are now known to play a critical role in controlling carbon (C) storage mineral soils, leading suggestions that climate warming-induced C losses may be lower than previously predicted. By analysing > 9,000 soil profiles, here we show that, overall, declines strongly with mean annual temperature. However, the reduction temperature was more three times greater coarse-textured limited capacities for stabilising organic matter, fine-textured soils capacities. This pattern observed independently cool warm regions, after accounting potentially confounding factors (plant productivity, precipitation, aridity, cation exchange capacity, pH). The results could not, however, represented by an established Earth system model (ESM). We conclude warming will promote substantial losses, but ESMs not predicting these accurately or which stocks most vulnerable.

Language: Английский

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Hyphae move matter and microbes to mineral microsites: Integrating the hyphosphere into conceptual models of soil organic matter stabilization

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(8), P. 2527 - 2540

Published: Jan. 6, 2022

Associations between soil minerals and microbially derived organic matter (often referred to as mineral-associated or MAOM) form a large pool of slowly cycling carbon (C). The rhizosphere, immediately adjacent roots, is thought control the spatial extent MAOM formation because it dominant entry point new C inputs soil. However, emphasis on rhizosphere implicitly assumes that microbial redistribution into bulk (non-rhizosphere) soils minimal. We question this assumption, arguing extensive fungal exploration rapid hyphal turnover, from common, encourages formation. First, we summarize published estimates length density turnover rates demonstrate are high throughout rhizosphere-bulk continuum. Second, colonization surfaces common dispersal mechanism for bacteria, argue allows non-random mineral by hyphae-associated taxa. Third, these bacterial communities their hosts determine chemical deposited colonized surfaces. Collectively, our analysis demonstrates omission hyphosphere conceptual models flow overlooks key mechanisms in soils. Moving forward, there clear need spatially explicit, quantitative research characterizing environmental drivers community composition across systems, important controls over rate chemistry minerals.

Language: Английский

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Microbial Necromass in Soils—Linking Microbes to Soil Processes and Carbon Turnover

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 14, 2021

The organic matter of living plants is the precursor material stored in terrestrial soil ecosystems. Although a great deal knowledge exists on carbon turnover processes plant material, some (SOM) formation, particular from microbial necromass, are still not fully understood. Recent research showed that larger part original converted into biomass, while remaining modified by extracellular enzymes microbes. At end its life, biomass contributes to molecular imprint SOM as necromass with specific properties. Next appropriate environmental conditions, heterotrophic microorganisms require energy-containing substrates C, H, O, N, S, P, and many other elements for growth, which provided nutrients contained SOM. As easily degradable often scarce resources soil, we can hypothesize microbes optimize their energy use. Presumably, able mobilize building blocks (mono oligomers fatty acids, amino sugars, nucleotides) stoichiometry This contrast mobilizing only consuming new synthesis primary metabolites tricarboxylic acid cycle after complete degradation substrates. Microbial thus an important resource SOM, mining could be life strategy contributing priming effects providing growth cycles. Due needs microorganisms, conclude formation through depends flux. However, details variability use decay cycles yet understood linked fields science. Here, summarize current gain, use, decay, relevant processes, e. g. pump, C storage, stabilization. We highlight factors controlling contribution implications efficiency (CUE) identify process-based modelling understanding these various types under different climates.

Language: Английский

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The role of large wild animals in climate change mitigation and adaptation

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(4), P. R181 - R196

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Where and why do particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) differ among diverse soils?

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 108756 - 108756

Published: June 13, 2022

Language: Английский

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Phosphorus addition decreases plant lignin but increases microbial necromass contribution to soil organic carbon in a subalpine forest

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(13), P. 4194 - 4210

Published: April 21, 2022

Increasing phosphorus (P) inputs induced by anthropogenic activities have increased P availability in soils considerably, with dramatic effects on carbon (C) cycling and storage. However, the underlying mechanisms via which drives plant microbial regulation of soil organic C (SOC) formation stabilization remain unclear, hampering accurate projection sequestration under future global change scenarios. Taking advantage an 8-year field experiment increasing addition levels a subalpine forest eastern Tibetan Plateau, we explored inputs, communities, biomarkers, as well SOC physical chemical fractions. We found that continuous reduced fine root biomass, but did not affect total content. decreased lignin contribution to SOC, primarily from declined vanillyl-type phenols, was coincided reduction methoxyl/N-alkyl 2.1%-5.5%. Despite decline decomposition due suppressed oxidase activity addition, content lignin-derived compounds because low input roots. In contrast, (mainly fungal) necromass its slower N-acquisition enzyme activity. The larger corresponded 9.1%-12.4% increase carbonyl abundance. Moreover, had no influence slow-cycing mineral-associated pool, stability indicated aliphaticity recalcitrance indices. Overall, over 8 years influenced composition through divergent alterations plant- microbial-derived contributions, shape stability. Such findings may aid accurately forecasting dynamics their potential feedbacks climate scenarios Earth system models.

Language: Английский

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Cover crop functional types differentially alter the content and composition of soil organic carbon in particulate and mineral‐associated fractions

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(19), P. 5831 - 5848

Published: June 17, 2022

Cover crops (CCs) can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration by providing additional OC residues, recruiting beneficial microbiota, and improving aggregation structure. The various CC species that belong to distinct plant functional types (PFTs) may differentially impact SOC formation stabilization. Biogeochemical theory suggests selection of PFTs with litter quality (C:N ratio) should influence the pathways magnitude sequestration. Yet, we lack knowledge on effect CCs from different quantity composition physiochemical pools SOC. We sampled soils under monocultures three (legume [crimson clover]; grass [triticale]; brassica [canola]) a mixture these species, long-term experiment in Pennsylvania, USA. measured C content bulk contrasting physical fractions: particulate matter, POM; mineral-associated MAOM. was higher all treatments compared fallow. Compared legume, lower (wider C:N) had proportion plant-derived POM, indicating selective preservation complex structural compounds. In contrast, legumes greater accumulation microbial-derived Our results for first time, revealed contributed concentration compounds POM relative MAOM brassica. Mixtures thus short- persistence balancing effects chemistries imposed monoculture PFTs. Thus, despite cumulative inputs PFTs, total stocks did not vary between rather impacted whether accumulated or fractions. This highlights shift dominant (POM vs. MAOM), subsequently impacting stabilization stocks. work provides strong applied field test biogeochemical linking accrual soil.

Language: Английский

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