Current advances of nanocellulose application in biomedical field

Carbohydrate Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 532, P. 108899 - 108899

Published: July 17, 2023

Language: Английский

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Real–world outcomes on myopia management efficacy of diverse segmented defocus optics (DSDO) and defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses in Chinese children: An initial 12–month prospective clinical study

Journal of Optometry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 100533 - 100533

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

To investigate the 12-month effectiveness of Diverse Segmented Defocus Optics (DSDO) and Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses in a real-world clinical population myopic pre-myopic Chinese children. About 364 subjects prescribed DSDO or DIMS were enrolled. Axial length (AL) cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) changes over 12 months measured. The further divided into age sub-group (6-9; 10-14) SER (+0.75D≤SER<-0.50D; -0.50D≤SER<-2.00D; -2.00D≤SER<-4.00D; SER≤-4.0D). Contrast sensitivity visual experience also reported. rate myopia progression was compared with historical single-vision spectacles (SVS) data to evaluate regime. 317 analyzed. At 12-month, AL group 0.16±0.16 mm 0.21±0.22 mm, respectively (P = 0.0202). had better control effect +0.75D≤SER<-0.50D SER≤-2.0D sub-groups. proportion participants no greater than 0.20 elongation 65.00% 55.41% separately. Myopia 47%-69% 33%-62% SVS lenses. Both retarded elongation. showed more stable comparing DIMS, especially groups sub-groups older patients. initial potential prevention children data. However, small sample pre-myopes this study are key limitations. Further research is needed confirm understand DSDO's role for

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal measures of peripheral optical quality in young children

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Abstract Purpose To assess longitudinal changes in optical quality across the periphery (horizontal meridian, 60°) young children who are at high (HR) or low risk (LR) of developing myopia, as well a small subgroup developed myopia over 3‐year time frame. Methods Aberrations were measured every 6 months 92 with functional emmetropia baseline. Children classified into HR LR based on baseline refractive error and parental myopia. Zernike polynomials calculated for 4 mm pupils, accounting elliptical shape pupil periphery. Various metrics computed, including Strehl Ratios only high‐order aberrations (HO‐SR). Primary spherical aberration (SA), horizontal coma defocus also analysed given their relevance emmetropisation. The areas under image various regions interest computed. Results HO‐SR higher even when SA was removed from Ratio (SR) calculation. less positive Defocus more negative all eccentricities computed relative to fovea, an effect that increased mid Relative peripheral became temporal retina. other showed no significant overall. Conclusions This study differences HO‐SR, central near‐peripheral retina (±20°) before they develop compared results may indicate these providing signals noted cause development.

Language: Английский

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Preterm-born children, screen time, and spectacle wear in the Longitudinal Preterm Outcome Project: a cohort study

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Introduction Preterm born children are at a higher risk for refractive errors. A long duration of screen time and activities with short working distance (≤30 cm) may further add to the increased risk. The aim this study was assess separate combined effects preterm birth on spectacle wear among 5-year-olds adolescents. Methods We analyzed data from community-based cohort study, part Longitudinal Outcome Project (LOLLIPOP). Early preterm-born (EP &lt; 32 weeks), moderately-late (MLP 32–36 weeks) full-term (FT 38–42 were followed. Spectacle assessed by questionnaire age 5 ( n = 1,515) adolescence, ages 13–16, subsample 227). Results At 5, prevalences 7.8%, 7.6% 3.2%, EP, MLP, FT children, respectively p 0.007); decreased 7% each additional week gestational age. In 36.6%, 20.8% 22.4%, 0.12). found no relationship between screen-time or effect adolescence. Conclusions EP MLP have significantly but not that age, generally higher. evidence an association wear, neither impact screentime such association.

Language: Английский

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Lifestyle and sleep-related behaviours in children with myopia

BMC Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Myopia is a prevalent disease influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. This study aims to explore myopia risk factors, including the association between night-time reading habits under low illumination in children. A cross-sectional survey was conducted Argentina as part of "Myopia Awareness Campaign" June 2024. total 1,298 children aged 7–15 years were included. Data on self-reported myopia, habits, levels, type housing, outdoor time, parental high collected through 23-question Google Forms disseminated ophthalmologists. Multiple logistic regression used assess these factors myopia. The prevalence 23.7%. Significant for included older age (odds ratio, OR: 1.15; 95% Confidence Intervals, CI:1.08–1.23), high-intensity (OR: 1.69; CI:1.12–2.55), 2.88; CI:2.07-4.00), less time 0.98; CI: 0.97–0.999), living house without garden (OR:1.49; CI:1.12-2.00). While initial unadjusted analysis suggested that at night dark associated with lost significance after adjusting age. highlights importance lifestyle choices development. Although appeared potential factor, further research needed clarify its role development progression. existence accessible areas may increase spent outdoors helping mitigate incidence.

Language: Английский

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Correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters at Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 4, 2025

Purpose To establish the relationship between ocular biometry and refractive errors in young adult Iraqis by analyzing three critical biometric parameters, including axial length (AL), corneal radius (CR), central thickness (CCT). Methods A cross-sectional analysis of individuals aged 18-33 years was conducted at Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq, yielding 1841 participants (3682 eyes). Quantitative data on AL, CR, CCT were obtained an Auto Kerato-Refractometer, IOL Master pachymetry techniques. We used Pearson correlation coefficients to measure CCT, (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism). Gender differences interactions with these correlations also examined. Results In total, Mean AL 24.45 ± 1.10 mm; CR 7.37 0.77 555.83 50.83 µm. Myopic had a statistically significantly more significant mean 25.11 0.42 mm than hyperopic subjects, 22.71 0.65mm (p < 0.001). Females slightly longer ALs average males myopic groups eyes. exhibited thicker corneas (mean CCT: 565.62 12.68 µm) compared 495.42 18.74 µm). Indeed, related error, findings affirmed as dominant predictor. Conclusions This self-gathered outcome resolved alterations chief contributing factor mistake; it links important differentiations partly sex. The study help fill existing gaps knowledge base shape future public health interventions aimed addressing among adults Iraq.

Language: Английский

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The Distribution of Ocular Normative Parameters in a Spanish School Population

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 2507 - 2507

Published: April 7, 2025

Background/Objectives: The prevalence of myopia is increasing globally, including in Spain. early detection ocular biometric parameters associated with development crucial for implementing control strategies. This study aims to describe the normative values a Spanish school-aged population and compare them previously established reference data. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational, analytical was conducted on 558 students aged 6 12 years from Educare Valdefuentes School Madrid. Ocular parameters, axial length (AL), corneal curvature (CR), anterior chamber depth (ACD), crystalline lens thickness (LT), (CCT), posterior vitreous (PVD), were measured using IOLMaster 700. length/corneal radius (AL/CR) ratio calculated. Percentile growth curves generated, results statistically analyzed IBM SPSS 29. Results: AL significantly increased age (p < 0.001), boys had longer than girls. AL/CR showed moderate correlation risk (ρ = 0.647, p 0.001). Compared previous European studies, no significant differences found, except minor variations CR. Conclusions: These percentile-based provide useful monitoring assessing children. remains strong predictor development, supporting its role

Language: Английский

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Relationship between the axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio and hyperopia reserve in preschool children aged 3 - 6 years

BMC Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 11, 2025

This study aimed to investigate the association between axial length (AL) average corneal curvature (CR) ratio and hyperopia reserve in preschool children. AL, CR, horizontal vertical meridians of radius (CR1, CR2), 1% atropine cycloplegic refraction were measured children aged 3 - 6 years. The curvatures then used calculate AL/CR1, AL/CR2, AL/CR ratios. A total 338 included, comprising 178 boys (52.7%) 160 girls (47.3%). mean values for AL/CR, spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) 22.11 ± 0.88 mm, 7.77 0.26 2.80 0.09, 2.90 2.85 + 2.13 1.46 D, respectively. increased with age, showing significant differences among age groups (P < 0.001). Conversely, SER moved from higher toward lesser also Linear regression equations established, Y representing X AL/CR: Age 3: = 44.67 15.02X; 4: 33.96 11.19X; 5: 42.11 13.98X; 6: 44.94 15.00X. These results suggest that could be assess insufficiency. optimal cut-off point receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was ≥ 2.91, a sensitivity, specificity, Youden index 0.84, 0.88, 0.73, critical value ROC cross-sectional found different ages can estimated using equation. Additionally, serve as an effective detecting insufficiency, 2.91 years, increasing age.

Language: Английский

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Associations between refraction and ocular biometry in Chinese preschoolers aged 3–6 years: a cross-sectional study in Shunyi, Beijing

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. e094342 - e094342

Published: April 1, 2025

Objective To estimate the associations between refraction and ocular biometry of preschool children (3–6 years old) in Shunyi District, Beijing. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting This study was conducted 11 kindergartens Participants A total 1186 Chinese aged 3–6 old without any history Down’s syndrome, epilepsy, ophthalmologic surgery other psychiatric disorders were selected. Exclusions: Children who unable to cooperate with examination. 1141 preschoolers completed 555 subjects (48.6%) boys 586 (51.4%) girls. Cycloplegic refraction, axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD) corneal radius (CR) measured for all children. AL-to-CR ratio, lens power (LP) spherical equivalent (SE) calculated. Those divided according SE into three groups: hyperopia group, premyopia group myopia group. Interventions None. Primary secondary outcome measures Refraction biometric parameters. Results The prevalence myopia, 2.7% (95% CI 1.8% 3.7%), 27.3% 24.7% 29.8%) 70.0% 67.4% 72.7%), respectively. mean (1.15±0.76) D, about 1 D lower than hyperopic one. AL, ACD, CR, AL/CR LP 22.28±0.67 mm, 3.33±0.67 7.74±0.25 2.88±0.06 25.62±1.46 Differences among different age groups statistically significant. Premyopic had longer eyes, greater ACDs higher ratio negatively correlated LP. Conclusions most common refractive status Beijing, hyperopia. by no means low. Understanding parameters might be helpful providing more effective prevention before onset myopia.

Language: Английский

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Towards Trustworthy Myopia Detection: Integration Methodology of Deep Learning Approach, XAI Visualization, and User Interface System

Applied Data Science and Analysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 15

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Myopia, a prevalent vision disorder with potential complications if untreated, requires early and accurate detection for effective treatment. However, traditional diagnostic methods often lack trustworthiness explainability, leading to biases mistrust. This study presents four-phase methodology develop robust myopia system. In the initial phase, dataset containing training testing images is located, preprocessed, balanced. Subsequently, two models are deployed: pre-trained VGG16 model renowned image classification tasks, sequential CNN convolution layers. Performance evaluation metrics such as accuracy, recall, F1-Score, sensitivity, logloss utilized assess models' effectiveness. The third phase integrates trustworthiness, transparency through application of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques. Specifically, Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) employed provide insights into decision-making process deep learning model, offering explanations myopic or normal. final user interface implemented XAI bringing together aforementioned phases. outcomes this contribute advancement objective explainable in field detection. Notably, achieves an impressive accuracy 96%, highlighting its efficacy diagnosing myopia. LIME results valuable interpretations cases. proposed enhances transparency, interpretability, trust process.

Language: Английский

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