
Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 317 - 317
Published: Feb. 18, 2025
Spent mushroom substrate (SMS), a nutrient-dense byproduct of cultivation, has emerged as promising feedstock for biochar production, offering sustainable solution to modern agricultural and environmental challenges. This review explores SMS properties, its conversion into biochar, various applications. Due lignocellulosic structure, high organic matter (OM), essential nutrients, is ideal pyrolysis, process that enhances biochar's porosity, nutrient retention, carbon stability. These properties improve soil fertility, water microbial activity, plant growth while also contributing climate change mitigation through sequestration. SMS-derived stands out superior benefits, including balanced pH, rich profile, the ability adsorb heavy metals, which mitigates contamination minimizes toxic risks in food chain. By enhancing cycling, moisture supports farming practices reduce chemical fertilizer use boost resilience. Beyond applications, effective wastewater treatment, mitigating diseases, improving cultivation substrates, thereby mycelial productivity. Economically, it cost-effective alternative due abundant availability inexpensive nature SMS. Nevertheless, challenges still exist, particularly optimizing production methods ensuring consistency influenced by variations pyrolysis conditions types. Advances technology are vital scaling up production. paper emphasizes transformative potential advocating integration circular economy frameworks systems. Recommendations future research policy support provided maximize ecological economic benefits fostering widespread adoption global strategies.
Language: Английский