Unveiling the resistance of native weed communities: insights for managing invasive weed species in disturbed environments

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99(3), P. 753 - 777

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

ABSTRACT Weed communities influence the dynamics of ecosystems, particularly in disturbed environments where anthropogenic activities often result higher pollution. Understanding existing between native weed and invasive species is crucial for effective management normal ecosystem functioning. Recognising potential resistance to invasion can help identify suitable plants restoration operations. This review aims investigate adaptations exhibited by non‐native weeds that may affect invasions within environments. Factors such as ecological characteristics, altered soil conditions, potentially confer a competitive advantage relative or are analysed. Moreover, roles biotic interactions competition, mutualistic relationships, allelopathy shaping described. Emphasis given consideration key factor provides insights conservation efforts Additionally, this underscores need further research unravel underlying mechanisms devise targeted strategies. These strategies aim promote mitigate negative effects By delving deeper into these insights, we gain an understanding ecosystems develop valuable species, restore long‐term sustainability.

Language: Английский

---

Cross‐Continental Shifts of Ecological Strategy in a Global Plant Invader

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim Plant invasions are a global problem that requires studying plants and their environmental associations across native introduced ranges. Location 2000 km transects in China, Europe North America. Time Period June 2019–July 2020. Major Taxa Studied Japanese knotweed ( Reynoutria japonica ). Methods We surveyed 150 populations of knotweed, noxious invader the temperate zone, along China ranges Results found larger denser were associated with shifts leaf economy chemical defences. Introduced had higher SLA but reduced chlorophyll, lignin, C:N ratio toughness altered tannins, flavonoids alkaloids. three distinct multivariate phenotypes primarily ranges, two mainly populations. Main Conclusions Decreased herbivore pathogen impacts changes indicate enemy release novel habitat conditions might have driven emergence ecological strategies this plant invader.

Language: Английский

---

Recent advances in availability and synthesis of the economic costs of biological invasions

BioScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 73(8), P. 560 - 574

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Biological invasions are a global challenge that has received insufficient attention. Recently available cost syntheses have provided policy- and decision makers with reliable up-to-date information on the economic impacts of biological invasions, aiming to motivate effective management. The resultant InvaCost database is now publicly freely accessible enables rapid extraction monetary information. This facilitated knowledge sharing, developed more integrated multidisciplinary network researchers, forged collaborations among diverse organizations stakeholders. Over 50 scientific publications so far used detailed assessments invasion costs across geographic, taxonomic, spatiotemporal scales. These studies important can guide future policy legislative decisions management while simultaneously attracting public media We provide an overview improved availability, reliability, standardization, defragmentation costs; discuss how this enhanced science as discipline; outline directions for development.

Language: Английский

---

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics uncover the role of B chromosomes in driving plant invasiveness

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Invasive plants can profoundly disrupt native biodiversity, yet the genetic mechanisms underpinning their success remain poorly understood. To date, genomic studies have been conducted on only a limited number of invasive species, and no single-cell level applied. This research investigates drivers behind behavior common reed ( Phragmites australis ), hardy grass species that became in North America following its introduction from Europe. By integrating whole-genome sequencing with spatial transcriptomics, we developed comprehensive atlas reed’s shoot system. UMAP analysis identified 19 distinct cell clusters within Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment enabled annotation key types, including mesophyll, epidermal, bundle sheath, xylem cells, as well apical lateral bud meristems, auxillary meristems. RNA velocity highlighted multipotent nature mesophyll chlorenchyma Cluster 3 progenitor cells capable differentiating into various tissues 1 progressing towards aerenchyma formation. Comparative between European American populations revealed significant differences transcriptional activity gene expression, particularly associated meristem. exhibited higher prevalence B chromosomes, three genes IMPA-3, SSC3, DDE family endonuclease consistently upregulated across nearly all clusters, notably near meristematic regions. The fast mutation IMPA-3 which functions major receptor Resistance (R) may strengthened adaptability population America. These findings provide critical insights cellular development diversity underlying invasiveness reed, offering valuable information to guide ecological management strategies.

Language: Английский

---

Inventory of wood specific gravity for Indian forests.

Trees Forests and People, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100775 - 100775

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Metabolite-driven mechanisms reveal chemical ecology of Lehmann Lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana) invasion in North American semi-arid ecosystems

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 4, 2025

Invasive plants threaten global ecosystems, yet traditional analyses of functional traits cannot fully explain their dominance over co-occurring natives. Metabolomics offers insights into plant invasions, but single-technique studies often miss critical biochemical mechanisms. We employ a multimodal metabolomics approach (¹H NMR, LC MS/MS, FT-ICR-MS, and MALDI-MSI) to investigate the basis Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana) invasion in semi-arid North America, comparing it with native grass, Arizona cottontop (Digitaria californica). Our analysis reveals three metabolomic compared cottontop: Enhanced nitrogen allocation shoots, reduced defensive metabolites root layers; increased exudate modulation under stress conditions. These suggest succeeds through adaptation increasing aridity rather than direct competition, demonstrating nutrient-poor environments high phenotypic plasticity response aridity. This integrated provides new mechanistic ecology environmental change.

Language: Английский

---

A Social Perspective on AI in the Higher Education System: A Semisystematic Literature Review

Electronics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 1572 - 1572

Published: April 19, 2024

The application of Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED) is experiencing widespread interest among students, educators, researchers, and policymakers. AIED expected, other things, to enhance learning environments the higher education system. However, line with general trends, there are also increasing concerns about possible negative collateral effects. consequent social impact cannot be currently assessed depth. Balancing benefits considerations according a socio-technical approach essential for harnessing true power AI responsible trustworthy context. This study proposes semi-systematic literature review available knowledge on adoption artificial intelligence (AI) It presents stakeholder-centric analysis explore multiple perspectives, including pedagogical, managerial, technological, governmental, external, ones. main goal identify discuss major gaps challenges context, looking at existing body momentum. should encompass ethical, dimensions properly addressed. highlights not-always-explicit perspective. Additionally, this reveals significant lack empirical systematic evaluation added value institutional readiness. Because broad scope intense ongoing debate topic, an exhaustive identification current probably unrealistic, so aims mainly mainstream trends by most recent contributions.

Language: Английский

---

Woody and herbaceous invasive alien plant species‐derived biochars are potentially optimal for soil amendment, soil remediation, and carbon storage

GCB Bioenergy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2)

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Abstract Invasive alien plant species (IAPS) are a global problem, representing threat to ecosystem functioning, biodiversity, and human health. Legislation requires the management eradication of IAPS populations; yet, practices costly, require several interventions, produce large amounts waste biomass. However, biomass eradicated can become resource by being used as feedstock for biochar production and, at same time, implementing IAPS. Here we carried out an in‐depth characterization produced 550°C derived from 10 (five woody five herbaceous) widespread in central‐southern Alps region determine their potential applications soil amendment, remediation, carbon storage. Biochar was laboratory scale, where its physicochemical characteristics, micromorphological features, lead adsorption aqueous solutions were measured. To investigate any possible trade‐offs among applications, principal component analysis performed. IAPS‐derived biochars exhibited relevant properties different fields application, suggesting that be exploited circular economy framework. We found coordinated variation with high stability amendment (PC1), while remediation represents independent axis (PC2). Specifically, had species‐specific differences between herbaceous IAPS, latter more suitable due greater pH, macronutrient content, macropore area. showed surface area, smaller pores, higher potentials solutions, hinting heavy metal pollution remediation. Moreover, fixed indicating stability, is preferable sequestration view climate change mitigation.

Language: Английский

---

Review of Invasive Plant Functional Traits and Management Using Remote Sensing in Sub-Saharan Africa

International Journal of Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 358 - 374

Published: April 28, 2024

Biodiversity and sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are considerably impacted by invasive alien plants (IAPs). Increasing plant invasions SSA threaten agricultural productivity, biodiversity conservation, other socioeconomic activities, which turn put the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) peril. In order to effectively combat IAPs, understanding their functional traits (morphological, physiological, phenological traits) integrating them into remote sensing (RS) is vital. While influence IAPs’ fitness invade establish a new geographical range, RS aids studying remotely, delineating mapping them, predicting potential invasions. The information on this study topic was gathered reviewing various existing studies published between 2000 2024. Based review, it deduced that majority of IAPs fast-growing (or acquisitive), with shorter leaf lifespan, bigger leaves, higher height, ultimately resulting resource acquisition ability. We established further SSA, there limited IAP integration RS. Many conducted region focus mostly distribution. Evidence from prior revealed trait (FTRS)-based research not only improves detection but also predicts whether certain can become or expand its distribution range. Thus, using FTRS approach could help management achieving SDGs. Our review discusses implications (e.g., Angola, Tanzania, Benin, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Zambia, Burundi, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Malawi, etc.) for achievement SDGs; impact invasions; importance incorporating

Language: Английский

---

The role of preadapted traits and turfgrass community resistance in Taraxacum officinale invasion success

Plant Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Language: Английский

---