Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 183 - 183
Published: Jan. 27, 2025
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is now the world’s top seventh cause of death from a non-communicable disease, and its incidence projected to increase further as major risk factors, including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD), continue rise. Current evidence has linked increased prevalence CKD, NAFLD chronic exposure metal pollutant cadmium (Cd). Exposure Cd widespread because diet main route for most people. Notably, however, health dietary underappreciated, existing tolerable guidelines do not afford protection. New health-protective are needed. From one’s diet, absorbed by intestinal epithelium where it passes through accumulates within tubular epithelial cells. Here, bound metallothionine (MT), gradually released, induces damage, tubulointerstitial inflammation fibrosis, nephron destruction. The present review provides an update on our knowledge levels that found be associated with NAFLD, mortality cardiovascular disease. It discusses co-existence hypertension CKD in people environmentally exposed Cd. highlights nuclear mitochondrial targeting zinc deficiency universal cytotoxic mechanisms Special emphasis placed novel antioxidative function involving de novo heme biosynthesis induced expression oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Other exogenous biomolecules promising anti-Cd toxicity highlighted.
Language: Английский