PLoS Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(6), P. e3002624 - e3002624
Published: June 28, 2024
Comparative
research
suggests
that
the
hypothalamus
is
critical
in
switching
between
survival
behaviors,
yet
it
unclear
if
this
case
humans.
Here,
we
investigate
role
of
human
by
introducing
a
paradigm
where
volunteers
switch
hunting
and
escape
response
to
encounters
with
virtual
predator
or
prey.
Given
small
size
low
tissue
contrast
hypothalamus,
used
deep
learning-based
segmentation
identify
individual-specific
its
subnuclei
as
well
an
imaging
sequence
optimized
for
hypothalamic
signal
acquisition.
Across
2
experiments,
employed
computational
models
identical
structures
explain
internal
movement
generation
processes
associated
escaping.
Despite
shared
structure,
exhibited
significantly
different
parameter
values
escaping
were
accurately
decodable
just
computing
parameters
processes.
In
experiment
2,
multi-voxel
pattern
analyses
(MVPA)
showed
hippocampus,
periaqueductal
gray
encode
behaviors
while
not
encoding
simple
motor
outside
context.
Furthermore,
connectivity
revealed
network
including
how
connected
other
regions
network.
Finally,
model-based
fMRI
strong
predictive
optimal
behavioral
coordination
after
switching,
especially
when
was
synchronized
amygdala.
Our
study
first
action
organization
switching.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
122(1)
Published: Dec. 31, 2024
Sleep
disturbances
are
associated
with
intrusive
memories,
but
the
neurocognitive
mechanisms
underpinning
this
relationship
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
show
that
sleep
deprivation
disrupts
prefrontal
inhibition
of
memory
retrieval,
and
overnight
restoration
inhibitory
mechanism
is
time
spent
in
rapid
eye
movement
(REM)
sleep.
The
functional
impairments
arising
from
linked
to
a
behavioral
deficit
ability
downregulate
unwanted
coincide
deterioration
deliberate
patterns
self-generated
thought.
We
conclude
gives
rise
memories
via
disruption
neural
circuits
governing
mnemonic
control,
which
may
rely
on
REM
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 7, 2023
Abstract
Recollecting
painful
or
traumatic
experiences
can
be
deeply
troubling.
Sleep
may
offer
an
opportunity
to
reduce
such
suffering.
We
developed
a
procedure
weaken
older
aversive
memories
by
reactivating
newer
positive
during
sleep.
Participants
viewed
48
nonsense
words
each
paired
with
unique
image,
followed
overnight
In
the
next
evening,
participants
learned
associations
between
half
of
and
additional
images,
creating
interference.
During
following
non-rapid-eye-movement
sleep,
auditory
memory
cues
were
unobtrusively
delivered.
Upon
waking,
presenting
associated
both
images
as
opposed
not
cues,
weakened
recall
while
increasing
intrusions.
Substantiating
these
benefits,
computational
modeling
revealed
that
cueing
facilitated
evidence
accumulation
toward
affect
judgments.
Moreover,
cue-elicited
theta
brain
rhythms
sleep
predominantly
predicted
memories.
A
noninvasive
intervention
thus
modify
recollection
affective
responses.
Significance
Statement
Not
all
are
welcome:
involuntary
intrusions
debilitating.
Prior
research
shows
benefits
psychological
health,
reactivation
externally
triggered
human
Here,
we
introduced
novel
sleep-based
updating
found
only
memories,
but
also
increased
intrusion
enhanced
Our
findings
open
new
avenues
for
weakening
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 13, 2024
Summary
Cortical
traveling
waves,
or
global
patterns
of
activity
that
extend
over
several
centimeters
the
cortical
surface,
are
a
key
mechanism
for
guiding
spatial
propagation
neural
and
computational
processes
across
brain.
Recent
studies
have
implicated
waves
in
successful
short-
long-term
memory
encoding,
storage,
retrieval.
However,
human
systems
fundamentally-action
oriented:
eventually,
contents
must
be
utilized
to
produce
appropriate
behaviors.
could
contribute
production
control
memory-guided
behaviors
by
flexibly
routing
information
between
brain
areas
responsible
storing
content
planning
executing
actions.
Here,
using
short-term
as
test
case,
we
report
evidence
supporting
this
possibility.
By
applying
image-based
analyses
published
EEG
studies,
show
initiation
behavior
is
accompanied
low-frequency
(2-6
Hz)
feedforward
(occipital
frontal)
wave
predicts
intra-
inter-individual
differences
response
onset,
while
termination
followed
higher
frequency
(14-32
feedback
(frontal-to-occipital)
wave.
Control
established
neither
waveform
explained
nuisance
factors
(e.g.,
visually-evoked
potentials,
eye
movements,
passive
volume
conduction).
Moreover,
both
waveforms
required
an
overt
behavior:
when
participants
selected
task-relevant
prepared
but
did
not
yet
execute
action
based
on
content,
was
observed.
Our
findings
suggest
role
generation
organizing
timing
direction
interactions
regions
involved
storage
action.
PLoS Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(6), P. e3002624 - e3002624
Published: June 28, 2024
Comparative
research
suggests
that
the
hypothalamus
is
critical
in
switching
between
survival
behaviors,
yet
it
unclear
if
this
case
humans.
Here,
we
investigate
role
of
human
by
introducing
a
paradigm
where
volunteers
switch
hunting
and
escape
response
to
encounters
with
virtual
predator
or
prey.
Given
small
size
low
tissue
contrast
hypothalamus,
used
deep
learning-based
segmentation
identify
individual-specific
its
subnuclei
as
well
an
imaging
sequence
optimized
for
hypothalamic
signal
acquisition.
Across
2
experiments,
employed
computational
models
identical
structures
explain
internal
movement
generation
processes
associated
escaping.
Despite
shared
structure,
exhibited
significantly
different
parameter
values
escaping
were
accurately
decodable
just
computing
parameters
processes.
In
experiment
2,
multi-voxel
pattern
analyses
(MVPA)
showed
hippocampus,
periaqueductal
gray
encode
behaviors
while
not
encoding
simple
motor
outside
context.
Furthermore,
connectivity
revealed
network
including
how
connected
other
regions
network.
Finally,
model-based
fMRI
strong
predictive
optimal
behavioral
coordination
after
switching,
especially
when
was
synchronized
amygdala.
Our
study
first
action
organization
switching.