Hemimetabolous genomes reveal molecular basis of termite eusociality

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. 557 - 566

Published: Feb. 2, 2018

Abstract Around 150 million years ago, eusocial termites evolved from within the cockroaches, 50 before Hymenoptera, such as bees and ants, appeared. Here, we report 2-Gb genome of German cockroach, Blattella germanica , 1.3-Gb drywood termite Cryptotermes secundus . We show evolutionary signatures eusociality by comparing genomes transcriptomes three cockroach against background 16 other non-eusocial insects. Dramatic adaptive changes in genes underlying production perception pheromones confirm importance chemical communication termites. These are accompanied major gene regulation molecular evolution caste determination. Many these results parallel mechanisms Hymenoptera. However, specific solutions remarkably different, thus revealing a striking case convergence one transitions biological complexity.

Language: Английский

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Access to the odor world: olfactory receptors and their role for signal transduction in insects

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 75(3), P. 485 - 508

Published: Aug. 21, 2017

Language: Английский

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Ionotropic Chemosensory Receptors Mediate the Taste and Smell of Polyamines

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. e1002454 - e1002454

Published: May 4, 2016

The ability to find and consume nutrient-rich diets for successful reproduction survival is fundamental animal life. Among the nutrients important all animals are polyamines, a class of pungent smelling compounds required in numerous cellular organismic processes. Polyamine deficiency or excess has detrimental effects on health, cognitive function, reproduction, lifespan. Here, we show that diet high polyamine beneficial increases reproductive success flies, unravel sensory mechanisms attract Drosophila polyamine-rich food egg-laying substrates. Using combination behavioral genetics vivo calcium imaging, demonstrate uses multisensory detection evaluate polyamines present overripe fermenting fruit, their favored feeding substrate. In olfactory system, two coexpressed ionotropic receptors (IRs), IR76b IR41a, mediate long-range attraction odor. gustatory multimodal taste sensation by receptor GR66a bitter neurons used quality valence providing mechanism fly's sweet decaying fruit. Given universal highly conserved biological roles, propose content may impact health also other including humans.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Evolution of the Major Arthropod Chemoreceptor Gene Families

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 64(1), P. 227 - 242

Published: Oct. 12, 2018

The evolutionary origins of the three major families chemoreceptors in arthropods-the odorant receptor (OR), gustatory (GR), and ionotropic (IR) families-occurred at base Insecta, Animalia, Protostomia, respectively. Comparison family sizes across arthropods reveals a generally positive correlation with their widely disparate complexity chemical ecology. Closely related species reveal ongoing processes gene evolution, including duplication, divergence, pseudogenization, loss, that mediate these larger patterns. Sets paralogous receptors within selection on amino acids regions likely to contribute ligand binding specificity. Ligands many ORs some GRs IRs have been identified; however, identification for more is needed, as are structures OR/GR superfamily, improve our understanding molecular evolution ecologically important arthropods.

Language: Английский

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A single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the adult Drosophila ventral nerve cord

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 21, 2020

The Drosophila ventral nerve cord (VNC) receives and processes descending signals from the brain to produce a variety of coordinated locomotor outputs. It also integrates sensory information periphery sends ascending brain. We used single-cell transcriptomics generate an unbiased classification cellular diversity in VNC five-day old adult flies. produced atlas 26,000 high-quality cells, representing more than 100 transcriptionally distinct cell types. predominant gene signatures defining neuronal types reflect shared developmental histories based on neuroblast which cells were derived, as well their birth order. relative position along anterior-posterior axis could be assigned using Hox expression. This transcriptional fly will valuable resource for future studies neurodevelopment behavior.

Language: Английский

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Structural basis for sugar perception by Drosophila gustatory receptors

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 383(6685)

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Insects rely on a family of seven transmembrane proteins called gustatory receptors (GRs) to encode different taste modalities, such as sweet and bitter. We report structures

Language: Английский

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Genome sequences of four Ixodes species expands understanding of tick evolution

BMC Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Combinatorial Codes and Labeled Lines: How Insects Use Olfactory Cues to Find and Judge Food, Mates, and Oviposition Sites in Complex Environments

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Feb. 1, 2018

Insects, including those which provide vital ecosystems services as well are devastating pests or disease vectors, locate their resources mainly based on olfaction. Understanding insect olfaction not only from a neurobiological but also an ecological perspective is therefore crucial to balance control and conservation. However, among all sensory stimuli particularly hard grasp. Our chemical environment made up of thousands different compounds, might again be detected by our nose in multiple ways. Due this complexity, researchers have recently begun explore the chemosensory ecology model organisms such Drosophila, linking tools neurogenetics. This cross-disciplinary approach has enabled several studies that range single odors relevance, via olfactory receptor genes neuronal processing, insects' behavior. We learned system employs strategies combinatorial coding process general labeled lines for specific compounds call immediate response. These opened new doors world insects feed, oviposit mate.

Language: Английский

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An expression atlas of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors identifies a molecular basis of carbonation sensing

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Oct. 8, 2018

Abstract Through analysis of the Drosophila ionotropic receptors (IRs), a family variant glutamate receptors, we reveal that most IRs are expressed in peripheral neuron populations diverse gustatory organs larvae and adults. We characterise IR56d, which defines two anatomically-distinct classes proboscis: one responds to carbonated solutions fatty acids while other represents subset sugar- acid-sensing cells. Mutational indicates together with broadly-expressed co-receptors IR25a IR76b, is essential for physiological responses carbonation acids, but not sugars. further demonstrate both promote IR56d-dependent attraction flies, through different behavioural outputs. Our work provides toolkit investigating taste functions IRs, these required sensing, illustrates how system uses combinatorial expression sensory molecules distinct neurons coordinate behaviour.

Language: Английский

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A chromosome-level genome assembly of Cydia pomonella provides insights into chemical ecology and insecticide resistance

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Sept. 17, 2019

Abstract The codling moth Cydia pomonella , a major invasive pest of pome fruit, has spread around the globe in last half century. We generated chromosome-level scaffold assembly including Z chromosome and portion W chromosome. This reveals duplication an olfactory receptor gene ( OR3 ), which we demonstrate enhances ability C. to exploit kairomones pheromones locating both host plants mates. Genome-wide association studies contrasting insecticide-resistant susceptible strains identify hundreds single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) potentially associated with insecticide resistance, three SNPs found promoter CYP6B2 . RNAi knockdown increases sensitivity two insecticides, deltamethrin azinphos methyl. high-quality genome informs genetic basis its invasiveness, suggesting distinctive capabilities adaptive potential that may explain worldwide expansion.

Language: Английский

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