Effects of Environmental Non-Essential Toxic Heavy Metals on Epigenetics During Development

Toxics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 167 - 167

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

We are exposed to a variety of environmental chemicals in our daily lives. It is possible that the effects this chemical exposure could accumulate organism some form and influence health disease development. The extend throughout human lifetime, not only after birth, but also during embryonic period. Epigenetics an important target for molecular mechanisms effects. mechanism gene transcription regulation does involve changes DNA sequence. Developmental Origins Health Disease (DOHaD) theory has been proposed, which such as period mediated by epigenetic changes, may lead risk development adverse maturity. This review summarizes association between epigenetics well-known non-essential toxic heavy metals (methylmercury, cadmium, arsenic, lead), representative group chemicals. In future, it will be predict unknown combined exposures. addition, further experimental investigations using animals accumulation knowledge needed study transgenerational future.

Language: Английский

Mirtrons in Human Cancers

Onco, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 7 - 7

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Mirtrons represent a new subclass of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are processed through non-canonical biogenesis pathways. Unlike canonical miRNAs, which require Drosha-mediated cleavage, mirtrons generated via the splicing short intronic sequences, bypassing Drosha entirely. While found across variety organisms, their conservation between species is relatively low. This evolutionary divergence has resulted in acquiring species-specific regulatory functions. In humans, remain an understudied group RNAs. However, emerging evidence highlights critical roles cancer biology. These small RNAs influence range oncogenic processes, including tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. By directly regulating expression oncogenes suppressor genes, serve as key molecular mediators within cellular signaling What sets apart from miRNAs unique mode structural attributes, reveal alternative mechanisms could be exploited Recent advances understanding functions suggest hold significant potential biomarkers for diagnosis prognosis. Additionally, role modulators pathways positions them promising therapeutic targets precision oncology. review delves into growing body research on mirtrons, focusing biogenesis, biological roles, implications cancer. emphasizing distinct features clinical relevance, it aims provide comprehensive perspective applications advancing diagnostics therapeutics.

Language: Английский

Role of MicroRNAs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Genes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 446 - 446

Published: April 11, 2025

MicroRNA (miRNA), a significant class of regulatory non-coding RNA (ncRNA), can regulate the expression numerous protein-coding messenger RNAs (mRNAs). miRNA plays an important part in shaping human transcriptome. So far, genome, about 2500 miRNAs have been found. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) belongs to malignant clonal disorder hematopoietic stem cells and is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation abnormal progenitor bone marrow blood. For past several years, scientific attention has attracted role AML, since alterations levels may contribute AML development. This review describes main functions classes presents biogenesis. study aims recent reports altered microRNA their influence on cell survival, cycle, apoptotic potential. Additionally, it summarizes correlations between target mRNAs outlines particular subtypes according ELN recommendations.

Language: Английский