Current landscape of fecal microbiota transplantation in treating depression

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 25, 2024

Depression, projected to be the predominant contributor global disease burden, is a complex condition with diverse symptoms including mood disturbances and cognitive impairments. Traditional treatments such as medication psychotherapy often fall short, prompting pursuit of alternative interventions. Recent research has highlighted significant role gut microbiota in mental health, influencing emotional neural regulation. Fecal transplantation (FMT), infusion fecal matter from healthy donor into patient, emerges promising strategy ameliorate depressive by restoring microbial balance. The microbial-gut-brain (MGB) axis represents critical pathway through which potentially rectify dysbiosis modulate neuropsychiatric outcomes. Preclinical studies reveal that FMT can enhance neurochemicals reduce inflammatory markers, thereby alleviating behaviors. Moreover, shown promise clinical settings, improving gastrointestinal overall quality life patients depression. review highlights gut-brain depression need for further validate long-term safety efficacy FMT, identify specific therapeutic strains, develop targeted modulation strategies. Advancing our understanding could revolutionize treatment, shifting paradigm toward microbiome-targeting therapies.

Language: Английский

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Sex-Specific Effects of Polystyrene Microplastic and Lead(II) Co-Exposure on the Gut Microbiome and Fecal Metabolome in C57BL/6 Mice

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 189 - 189

Published: March 27, 2024

The wide spread of microplastics has fueled growing public health concern globally. Due to their porous structure and large surface area, can serve as carriers for other environmental pollutants, including heavy metals. Although the toxic effects or metals have been reported previously, investigations into sex-differential combined exposure are lacking. In present study, polystyrene lead(II) co-exposure on gut microbiome, intestinal permeability, fecal metabolome were examined in both male female mice. Combined increased permeability Sex-specific responses found bacteria, fungi, microbial metabolic pathways, genes encoding antibiotic resistance virulence factors, well profiles. particular, Shannon Simpson indices bacteria reduced by only A total 34 13 metabolites altered group mice, respectively, among which three shared sexes. These sex-specific need be taken consideration when investigating microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Gut–Brain Axis: Focus on Sex Differences in Neuroinflammation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 5377 - 5377

Published: May 15, 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the concept of “gut–brain axis”. addition to well-studied diseases associated with an imbalance gut microbiota, such as cancer, chronic inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases, research is now exploring potential role microbial dysbiosis onset development brain-related diseases. When function intestinal barrier altered by dysbiosis, aberrant immune system response interacts nervous system, leading state “neuroinflammation”. The microbiota–brain axis mediated inflammatory immunological mechanisms, neurotransmitters, neuroendocrine pathways. This narrative review aims illustrate molecular basis neuroinflammation elaborate on gut–brain virtue analyzing various metabolites produced microbiome how they might impact system. Additionally, current will highlight sex influences these mechanisms. fact, hormones brain–gut microbiota at different levels, central enteric one, enteroendocrine cells. A deeper understanding human health disease crucial guide diagnoses, treatments, preventive interventions.

Language: Английский

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Dose-Responsive Effects of Iron Supplementation on the Gut Microbiota in Middle-Aged Women

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 786 - 786

Published: March 10, 2024

Oral iron supplementation is the first-line treatment for addressing deficiency, a concern particularly relevant to women who are susceptible sub-optimal levels. Nevertheless, impact of on gut microbiota middle-aged remains unclear. To investigate association between and microbiota, healthy females aged 40–65 years (n = 56, BMI 23 ± 2.6 kg/m2) were retrospectively analyzed from Alberta’s Tomorrow Project. Fecal samples along with various lifestyle, diet, health questionnaires obtained. The was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Individuals matched age classified as either taking no supplement, low-dose supplement (6–10 mg iron/day), or high-dose (>100 mg/day). Compositional functional analyses microbiome data in relation investigated using bioinformatics tools. Results revealed that had dose-dependent effect microbial communities. Elevated intake mg) associated an augmentation Proteobacteria reduction taxa, including Akkermansia, Butyricicoccus, Verrucomicrobia, Ruminococcus, Alistipes, Faecalibacterium. Metagenomic prediction further suggested upregulation acquisition siderophore biosynthesis following high intake. In conclusion, adequate levels essential overall wellbeing through their life stages. Our findings offer insights into complex relationships underscore significance dosage maintaining optimal health.

Language: Английский

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Gold nanoparticle-4-(4-aminophenyl)butyric acid ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress and improves outcomes after traumatic brain injury

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106646 - 106646

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Short-chain fatty acids in Huntington's disease: Mechanisms of action and their therapeutic implications

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 173972 - 173972

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Deciphering the coordinated roles of the host genome, duodenal mucosal genes, and microbiota in regulating complex traits in chickens

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

The complex interactions between host genetics and the gut microbiome are well documented. However, specific impacts of gene expression patterns microbial composition on each other remain to be further explored. Here, we investigated this interplay in a sizable population 705 hens, employing integrative analyses examine relationships among genome, mucosal expression, microbiota. Specific taxa, such as cecal family Christensenellaceae, which showed heritability 0.365, were strongly correlated with genomic variants. We proposed novel concept regulatability ( $${r}_{b}^{2}$$ ), was derived from h2, quantify cumulative effects given phenotypes. duodenal transcriptome emerged potent influencer much higher values (0.17 ± 0.01, mean SE) than h2 (0.02 0.00). A comparative analysis chickens humans revealed similar average microbiability genes (0.18 vs. 0.20) significant differences microbes 0.04). Besides, cis $${h}_{\text{cis}}^{2}$$ ) trans $${h}_{\text{trans}}^{2}$$ estimated assess genetic variations inside outside window its expression. Higher greater prevalence trans-regulated cis-regulated underscored role loci shaping levels. Furthermore, our exploration regulatory microbiota 18 traits enhanced understanding mechanisms, CHST14 Lactobacillus salivarius jointly facilitated deposition abdominal fat by modulating concentration bile salt hydrolase, triglycerides, total cholesterol, free fatty acids absorption metabolism. Our findings highlighted phenotypic variance attributed emphasize superior intestinal expressions over elucidating host‒microbe for traits. This could assist devising strategies modulate host–microbe interactions, ultimately improving economic chickens. hepatic transcriptomes, integrated elucidate mechanisms underlying phenotypes Heritability estimation GWASs transcriptome, collectively calculated By integrating genome data, cis- trans-heritability estimated, methods eQTL mapping SMR used conducted explore extent shapes microbiota, exploring degree interaction combining all analytical mentioned above, more advanced comprehensive manner that regulate can achieved.

Language: Английский

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Characterization of Sex-Based Differences in Gut Microbiota That Correlate with Suppression of Lupus in Female BWF1 Mice

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1023 - 1023

Published: April 29, 2025

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is more prevalent in female mice and humans associated with microbiota dysbiosis. We analyzed the fecal composition male NZBxNZWF1 (BWF1) mice, a model of SLE, using 16S RNA gene sequencing. Composition gut differed between adult disease-prone (pre-disease) disease-resistant mice. Transfer cecal contents by gavage into suppressed kidney disease (decreased proteinuria) improved survival. After our mouse colony was moved to new barrier facility similar housing, transplants failed suppress recipients. two years, protective phenotype reemerged: once again compared BWF1 for three different periods, during which either protected or protect In vs. receiving transplants, we found Bacteroides high, Clostridium low (high Bacteroides/Clostridium ratio), Alistipes present periods when disease. These data suggest that specific bacterial populations may have opposing effects on suppression transplantation.

Language: Английский

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Breed-specific responses to coccidiosis in chickens: identification of intestinal bacteria linked to disease resistance

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: May 7, 2025

Abstract Background Coccidiosis, caused by Eimeria parasites, is a major enteric disease in poultry, significantly impacting animal health, production performance, and welfare. This imposes substantial economic burden, costing the global poultry industry up to $13 billion annually. However, effective mitigation strategies for coccidiosis remain elusive. While different chicken breeds exhibit varying resistance coccidiosis, no commensal bacteria have been directly linked this resistance. Methods To assess relative of 10-day-old Fayoumi M5.1, Leghorn Ghs6, Cobb chickens were challenged with 50,000 sporulated maxima oocysts or mock-infected. Body weight changes, small intestinal lesions, fecal oocyst shedding evaluated on d 17. Ileal cecal digesta collected from individual animals 17 subjected microbiome analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results M5.1 showed lowest growth retardation, lesion score, shedding, pathobiont proliferation compared Ghs6 chickens. The microbiota also differed markedly other two under both healthy conditions. Notably, group A Lactobacillus Ligilactobacillus salivarius least prevalent ileum cecum chickens, but became highly enriched comparable response coccidiosis. Conversely, Weissella, Staphylococcus gallinarum , Enterococcus durans/hirae more abundant than breeds. Despite being reduced these retained higher abundance Conclusions greater layers broilers. Several bacteria, including L. Weissella S. E. are differentially strong correlation These hold potential as probiotics mitigation.

Language: Английский

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Modulating autism spectrum disorder pathophysiology using a trace amine-focused approach: targeting the gut

Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(1)

Published: May 20, 2025

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects approximately 1% of the population directly, but also a much higher proportion (family and caregivers) indirectly. Although ASD is characterized by high prevalence anxiety poor gastrointestinal health, current treatment strategies are mainly focused on neurological symptomatic treatment, with little to no attention gut health. Furthermore, many psychiatric drugs used for management secondary symptoms, known exacerbate health issues dysregulation across gut-brain axis. Trace amines neurotransmitter-like substances synthesized endogenously in human brain – trace amounts abundance microbiome. Emerging evidence suggests amine system ASD. Since aminergic signalling central regulatory homeostasis, we hypothesize targeting this context. Given various sources amines, suggest that normalization functional dysbiosis terms rather than microbial compositional should be focus medicines development. In addition, holistic consideration including other factors at play determining outcome such as receptor binding, enzymatic role players, etc. required fully elucidate therapeutically modify pathophysiology systems implicated This review firstly provides brief overview Secondly, formulate our hypothesis how may address symptomology, cellular molecular mechanism interplay Finally, provide critical assessment advances therapeutics development drug re-purposing, gaps knowledge priorities going forward.

Language: Английский

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