Effect of atorvastatin on delirium status of patients in the intensive care unit: a randomized controlled trial

Archives of Medical Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 1423 - 1428

Published: Nov. 12, 2019

Delirium is one of the most prevalent complications in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, which related to worse clinical outcomes including a longer ICU stay, duration mechanical ventilation, higher mortality rates and increased risk cognitive impairment. Observational studies have suggested that statins might positive effect on delirium status hospitalized patients. To date, there has been no trial assessing atorvastatin critically ill Thus, aim current study was determine efficacy patients ICU.In this randomized, double-blind controlled trial, total 90 general who had for at least 2 days were randomly divided into (40 mg/day) (n = 40) control 50) groups. determined twice day 10:00 a.m. 18:00 p.m. using Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS).Administration 40 mg/day significantly reduced mean RASS score delirium-free both morning afternoon time points compared group (p < 0.05).Administration significant admitted ICU.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of statin‐induced new‐onset diabetes

Journal of Cellular Physiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 234(8), P. 12551 - 12561

Published: Jan. 7, 2019

Abstract Statins, with their lipid‐lowering properties, are a first‐line therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Recent evidence, however, suggests that statins can increase risk new‐onset diabetes (NOD). The molecular mechanisms statin‐induced NOD not precisely known, although some pathophysiologic have been suggested. Specific to beta cell, these include alterations in insulin secretion, changes ion channels, modulation signaling pathways, and inflammation/oxidative stress. Outwith other suggested involve adipocytes, including adipocyte differentiation leptin adiponectin, genetic epigenetic mechanisms, microRNA. evidence supporting will be discussed. Greater understanding underlying linking onset statin is essential clinically relevant, as it may enable novel preventative or therapeutic approaches instituted guide production new generation lacking this side effect.

Language: Английский

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Modulatory effects of statins on the autophagy: A therapeutic perspective

Journal of Cellular Physiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 235(4), P. 3157 - 3168

Published: Oct. 2, 2019

Abstract Autophagy is considered as an important mechanism for maintaining homeostasis and responsible the degradation of superfluous or potentially toxic components organelles. impairment associated with a number pathological conditions, such aging, neurological disorders, cancer, infection. also plays significant role in cancer chemotherapy. The multiple drugs have been notably developed strategy autophagy modulation. Statins, 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐CoA inhibitors, are known due to their efficacy decreasing low‐density lipoprotein extensively used management cardiovascular diseases. Statins other therapeutic biological activities, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antitumor, neuroprotective pleiotropic effects. It seems that statins capable targeting various signaling pathways induction great pharmacological At present study, we demonstrate effects mediated via regulation.

Language: Английский

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Associations Among PCSK9 Levels, Atherosclerosis-Derived Extracellular Vesicles, and Their miRNA Content in Adults With Obesity

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Jan. 7, 2022

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EV) concentration is generally increased in patients with cardiovascular diseases, although the protective role of EVs atherosclerosis has been reported. Among specific cargo EVs, miRNAs contribute to different stages atherosclerosis. Aim present report investigate, individuals obesity, interplay among derived from cells relevant for atherosclerotic process (i.e., platelets, endothelium, monocytes/macrophages, and neutrophils), their miRNA content proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), one main regulators low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Methods Results: have isolated 936 obesity (body mass index = 33.6 ± 5.6 Kg/m2) a raised risk (e.g., LDL-C 131.6 36.4 mg/dL, HOMA-IR 3.1, roughly 50% on anti-hypertensive medications). PCSK9 levels were negatively associated EV count range 150-400 nm those macrophages (CD14+), endothelium (CD105+), neutrophils (CD66+). The association between platelet-derived (CD61+) was modified by platelet counts. significantly five EV-derived (hsa-miRNA-362-5p,-150,-1244,-520b-3p,-638). Toll-like 4 estrogen 1 targeted all LDLR four. effect expression mainly driven hsa-miR-150. Considering implication onset progression, our findings show potential regulate miRNAs, especially involved inflammation (LDLR) receptor.

Language: Английский

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Cardiac microRNAs: diagnostic and therapeutic potential

Archives of Medical Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. 1360 - 1381

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

MicroRNAs are small non-coding post-translational biomolecules which, when expressed, modify their target genes. It is estimated that microRNAs regulate production of approximately 60% all human proteins and enzymes responsible for major physiological processes. In cardiovascular disease pathophysiology, there several cells produce microRNAs, including endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle macrophages, platelets, cardiomyocytes. There a constant crosstalk between derived from various cell sources. Atherosclerosis initiation progression driven by many pro-inflammatory pro-thrombotic microRNAs. Atherosclerotic plaque rupture the leading cause death resulting acute coronary syndrome (ACS) leads to cardiac remodeling fibrosis following ACS. powerful modulators transformation into vulnerable state, which can eventually lead rupture. growing body evidence demonstrates ACS, might inhibit fibroblast proliferation scarring, as well harmful apoptosis cardiomyocytes, stimulate reprogramming induced progenitor cells. this review, we focus on role cardiomyocyte-derived fibroblast-derived involved in regulation genes associated with cardiomyocyte function atherosclerosis-related ischemia. Understanding mechanisms may development microRNA cocktails potentially be used regenerative cardiology.

Language: Английский

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Application of nanotechnology to improve the therapeutic benefits of statins

Drug Discovery Today, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 567 - 574

Published: Oct. 5, 2018

Language: Английский

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Decoding microRNA drivers in atherosclerosis

Bioscience Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(7)

Published: June 27, 2022

An estimated 97% of the human genome consists non-protein-coding sequences. As our understanding regulation improves, this has led to characterization a diverse array non-coding RNAs (ncRNA). Among these, micro-RNAs (miRNAs) belong short ncRNA class (22-25 nucleotides in length), with approximately 2500 miRNA genes encoded within genome. From therapeutic perspective, there is interest exploiting as biomarkers disease progression and response treatments, well mimics/repressors novel medicines. have emerged an important RNA master regulators roles identified pathogenesis atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis characterized by chronic inflammatory build-up, driven largely low-density lipoprotein cholesterol accumulation artery wall vascular injury, including endothelial dysfunction, leukocyte recruitment remodelling. Conventional therapy focuses on lifestyle interventions, blood pressure-lowering medications, high-intensity statin antiplatelet agents. However, significant proportion patients remain at increased risk This continued referred residual risk. Hence, new drug targeting atherosclerosis could synergise existing therapies optimise outcomes. Here, we review current role ncRNA, focus miRNA, development atherosclerosis, highlighting biological mechanisms avenues.

Language: Английский

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Modulation of microRNAs by aspirin in cardiovascular disease

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 30(5), P. 249 - 254

Published: Aug. 14, 2019

Language: Английский

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Effects of statins on myocarditis: A review of underlying molecular mechanisms

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 67, P. 53 - 64

Published: Feb. 21, 2021

Language: Английский

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MicroRNA‐302c‐3p inhibits endothelial cell pyroptosis via directly targeting NOD‐, LRR‐ and pyrin domain‐containing protein 3 in atherosclerosis

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 4373 - 4386

Published: March 30, 2021

Abstract Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are important participants drivers in atherosclerosis. NOD‐, LRR‐ pyrin domain‐containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation the resulting pyroptosis involved initiation vicious circle of chronic inflammation, thus playing an indispensable role Accordingly, blocking NLRP3 may be a promising treatment strategy to blunt progression In this study, it was demonstrated that miR‐302c‐3p exerted anti‐pyroptosis effects by directly targeting vivo vitro. brief, expression down‐regulated whereas up‐regulated human plaques vitro model cells. Overexpression suppressed cell specific sites NLRP3. By comparison, down‐regulation endogenous led opposite results, which were reversed silencing Finally, up‐regulation inhibited inflammation atherosclerosis mouse model. conclusion, powerful attractive target for suppressing pyroptosis, providing novel preventing or alleviating

Language: Английский

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