Evaluating the Impact of Neonicotinoids on Aquatic Non-target Species: A comprehensive Review

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104606 - 104606

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Neonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs) are the fastest-growing class in agricultural protection. They target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) pests, stimulating nervous system at low doses and causing paralysis death higher concentrations. NNIs used crop protection, seed treatment, forestry, agriculture, flea control domestic cattle. Effective lower concentrations offering long-term control, favoured for their systemic activity. However, due to water solubility, mobility, moderate persistence, easily contaminate adjacent aquatic environments via runoff, leaching, or spray drift. While less toxic vertebrates, widespread use poses threats terrestrial organisms, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, endocrine disruption, reproductive malformations. This review synthesizes research address knowledge gaps on environmental impact of proposes policies mitigate harmful effects non-target species.

Language: Английский

Toxicological and physiological impact and bioremediation strategies for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Chemistry and Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 24

Published: April 12, 2025

Language: Английский