Assessment and Principles of Environmentally Sustainable Food and Agriculture Systems

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1073 - 1073

Published: May 17, 2023

Feeding the world depends on protecting our valuable ecosystems and biodiversity. Currently, increasing public awareness of problems posed by current industrialized food system has resulted in increased support for creative market economically, socially, ecologically sustainable production systems enhanced demands variations agricultural policies regulations. In production, restoration protection must be given priority, which requires a forward-looking rational management strategy fundamental changes patterns practices economic development, product, production. Food should redesigned to have neutral positive environmental impact, as well ensure healthy nutrition safety, low impact strategies become priority. This review paper aims discuss, build, guide evaluate systems, principles, transition such agroecological, organic, biodynamic, regenerative, urban, precision agriculture, are imperative visions agriculture To this end, we analyzed evolution established develop created assessment key sustainability issues related food, environment, climate, rural development priorities resource use practices.

Language: Английский

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Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Plant Health: A Perspective Study of the Underground Interaction

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 629 - 629

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Plants are affected by various environmental stresses such as high or low temperatures, drought, and salt levels, which can disrupt their normal cellular functioning impact growth productivity. These stressors offer a major constraint to the morphological, physiological, biochemical parameters; thereby attributing serious complications in of crops rice, wheat, corn. Considering strategic intricate association soil microbiota, known plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), with roots, PGPR helps plants adapt survive under changing conditions become more resilient stress. They aid nutrient acquisition regulation water content also play role regulating osmotic balance ion homeostasis. Boosting key physiological processes, they contribute significantly alleviation stress promoting development plants. This review examines use increasing tolerance different stresses, focusing on uptake, acquisition, homeostasis, balance, well effects crop yield food security.

Language: Английский

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Crop rotational diversity enhances soil microbiome network complexity and multifunctionality

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 436, P. 116562 - 116562

Published: June 11, 2023

Although it is widely accepted that crop rotations can alleviate the adverse effects of agricultural intensification on ecosystem functioning, influence rotational diversification soil microbial diversity, network complexity, and their associations with multifunctionality remains unclear. Here, we used a 16-year field experiment to assess effect six cropping regimes, respective diversity index (CDI, i.e., number species in rotation multiplied by per year) management intensity (MI, anthropogenic inputs including fertilizer use, pesticide use fuel consumption across 2-year cycle), community (bacteria, fungi protists) multifunctionality. We 20 functions related properties, basal respiration, enzymatic activities nitrogen cycling potential characterize Diversified was shown enhance Also, increased CDI, but were negatively correlated or had hump-shaped relationship MI. With increase microbiome nodes, edges degree increased, betweenness average path length decreased. An MI found have topological properties network. Soil complexity stronger than composition. This study illustrates more diverse under intermediate promoted multifunctionality, highlights crucial role maintaining functions.

Language: Английский

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The next era of crop domestication starts now

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(14)

Published: March 27, 2023

Current food systems are challenged by relying on a few input-intensive, staple crops. The prioritization of yield and the loss diversity during recent history domestication has created contemporary crops cropping that ecologically unsustainable, vulnerable to climate change, nutrient poor, socially inequitable. For decades, scientists have proposed as solution address these challenges global security. Here, we outline possibilities for new era crop domestication, focused broadening palette diversity, engages benefits three elements domestication: crops, ecosystems, humans. We explore how suite tools technologies at hand can be applied renew in existing improve underutilized domesticate bolster genetic, agroecosystem, system diversity. Implementing requires researchers, funders, policymakers boldly invest basic translational research. Humans need more diverse Anthropocene-the process help build them.

Language: Английский

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Intercropping regulates plant- and microbe-derived carbon accumulation by influencing soil physicochemical and microbial physiological properties

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 364, P. 108880 - 108880

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the resistance of native weed communities: insights for managing invasive weed species in disturbed environments

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99(3), P. 753 - 777

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

ABSTRACT Weed communities influence the dynamics of ecosystems, particularly in disturbed environments where anthropogenic activities often result higher pollution. Understanding existing between native weed and invasive species is crucial for effective management normal ecosystem functioning. Recognising potential resistance to invasion can help identify suitable plants restoration operations. This review aims investigate adaptations exhibited by non‐native weeds that may affect invasions within environments. Factors such as ecological characteristics, altered soil conditions, potentially confer a competitive advantage relative or are analysed. Moreover, roles biotic interactions competition, mutualistic relationships, allelopathy shaping described. Emphasis given consideration key factor provides insights conservation efforts Additionally, this underscores need further research unravel underlying mechanisms devise targeted strategies. These strategies aim promote mitigate negative effects By delving deeper into these insights, we gain an understanding ecosystems develop valuable species, restore long‐term sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Enhanced productivity of maize through intercropping is associated with community composition, core species, and network complexity of abundant microbiota in rhizosphere soil

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 442, P. 116786 - 116786

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

High crop diversity can potentially enhance farmland productivity and ecosystem services, through direct or indirect effects, particularly belowground. Intercropping is a powerful technique to increase belowground biodiversity. It has attracted long-term global attention. However, little known about the impacts of microbiota on intercropping-driven increases in productivity. This study was an 8-year experiment involving five maize planting patterns, which aimed distinguish contributions rare abundant (bacteria, fungi, eukaryotes) rhizosphere soil support production. The results indicated that richness phylogenetic microbial taxa were significantly higher than those across all samples. Maize soybean intercropping increased rather taxa. Plant growth stages altered community composition both assembly communities mainly driven by deterministic processes and, particular, contributed gain. changes associated with many core species belonging bacterial Actinomycetales Rhodocyclaceae, fungal Tausonia Curvularia, eukaryotic Leptophyryidae Ochromonadaceae. network complexity fungi also exerted notable effects Overall, these findings underscored importance stability systems. suggests potential improve production regulating intensive agroecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Plant diversity drives positive microbial associations in the rhizosphere enhancing carbon use efficiency in agricultural soils

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 14, 2024

Expanding and intensifying agriculture has led to a loss of soil carbon. As agroecosystems cover over 40% Earth's land surface, they must be part the solution put in action mitigate climate change. Development efficient management practices maximize carbon retention is currently limited, part, by poor understanding how plants, which input soil, microbes, determine its fate there, interact. Here we implement diversity gradient intercropping undersown species with barley large field trial, ranging from one eight species. We find that increasing plant strengthens positive associations within rhizosphere microbial community relation negative associations. These associations, turn, enhance use efficiency. Jointly, our results highlight can used as strategy potential agricultural soils.

Language: Английский

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Intercropping enhances maize growth and nutrient uptake by driving the link between rhizosphere metabolites and microbiomes

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 243(4), P. 1506 - 1521

Published: June 14, 2024

Intercropping leads to different plant roots directly influencing belowground processes and has gained interest for its promotion of increased crop yields resource utilization. However, the precise mechanisms through which interactions between rhizosphere metabolites microbiome contribute production remain ambiguous, thus impeding understanding yield-enhancing advantages intercropping. This study conducted field experiments (initiated in 2013) pot experiments, coupled with multi-omics analysis, investigate plant-metabolite-microbiome maize. Field-based data revealed significant differences metabolite profiles soils maize monoculture In particular, intercropping exhibited higher microbial diversity chemodiversity. The chemodiversity composition were significantly related diversity, community composition, network complexity soil microbiomes, this relationship further impacted nutrient uptake. Pot-based findings demonstrated that exogenous application a metabolic mixture comprising key components enriched by (soyasapogenol B, 6-hydroxynicotinic acid, lycorine, shikimic phosphocreatine) enhanced root activity, content, biomass natural soil, but not sterilized soil. Overall, emphasized significance metabolite-microbe enhancing systems. It can provide new insights into controls within intensive agroecosystems, aiming enhance ecosystem services.

Language: Английский

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Cotton-Based Rotation, Intercropping, and Alternate Intercropping Increase Yields by Improving Root–Shoot Relations

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 413 - 413

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Crop rotation and intercropping are important ways to increase agricultural resource utilization efficiency crop productivity. Alternate intercropping, or transposition is a new pattern in which two crops intercropped wide strip with planting positions switched annually on the same land. Transposition combines thus performs better than either practice alone. Compared traditional rotation, it can yield net return by 17–21% 10–23%, respectively, land equivalent ratio (LER) 20% 30%. In growth development, balanced root–shoot relation essential obtain satisfactory yields quality. Intercropping, combination alter original changing ecology physiology of both root shoot achieve rebalancing relation. The quality regulated interactions resulting rebalancing. review examines effects above- belowground relations under cotton-based particularly alternate practices combined. importance signaling regulating was also explored as possible focus future research rotation.

Language: Английский

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